HIV activism in modern Russia: from NGOs to community development

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 419-436
Author(s):  
Nadya Nartova ◽  
Yana Krupets ◽  
Anastasiia Shilova
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Methodology ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Collective Actions ◽  
Ethnographic Case Study ◽  
Hiv Epidemic ◽  
The City ◽  
Action Groups ◽  
Case Study Methods

Abstract In the context of the spreading HIV epidemic in Russia and the lack of government's effectiveness in addressing this problem, the role and the importance of HIV activism in protecting the rights and improving the quality of life of HIV positive people have been increasing. This article focuses on the development of the HIV community in St. Petersburg, one of the largest and the most problematic, in terms of the HIV epidemic, cities in Russia. The research was conducted within the qualitative methodology, using ethnographic case-study methods and biographical interviews. The authors use the analysis of field observations and nineteen interviews with men and women involved in HIV activism in St. Petersburg to show how collective actions of NGOs and action groups form the city HIV community through working with different groups and the development of participants' agency.

scholarly journals Nodes and Networks: The Generative Role of Cultural Heritage for Urban Revival in Kikinda

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2509 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uroš Radosavljević ◽  
Aleksandra Đorđević ◽  
Kseniјa Lalović ◽  
Jelena Živković ◽  
Zoran Đukanović
Keyword(s):  
Social Sustainability ◽  
City Development ◽  
Case Study Method ◽  
Cultural Artifact ◽  
Urban Heritage ◽  
Heritage Buildings ◽  
The City

Using heritage as a cultural artifact in city development is not new, but little has been explored about how urban heritage can be utilized as new generative value and a new planning instrument for the revival of cities. The purpose of this paper is to show the creative and the generative use of urban heritage, both for the extension of cultural and tourist offer of the city and for the improvement of the quality of life in physical, social and economic terms for the community. The case study method was used for the adaptive reuse of projects for heritage buildings and urban revival in Kikinda. We argue that urban heritage has to be used, bearing in mind its spatial, economic and social sustainability aspects, and become a generator of urban revival. We go beyond recognition of the value of heritage as a cultural artifact that should solely be preserved and used as a static element in urban development, and view it more as a dynamic asset for city revival processes. We found that for the heritage nodes to be utilized as the new generative value for the revival of cities, they have to be perceived from the network perspective, thus influencing the urban environment in a sustainable way.

scholarly journals IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF INFORMATION SUPPORT FOR MONITORING AIR POLLUTION FROM VEHICLES (CASE STUDY OF ST. PETERSBURG)

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-74
Author(s):  
V. N. Lozhkin ◽  
◽  
O. V. Lozhkina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Information Support ◽  
Information Process ◽  
Limit Values ◽  
Standard Limit ◽  
The City ◽  
Original Information

Introduction. St. Petersburg is the cultural and sea capital of Russia. The city is characterized by environmental problems typical for the largest cities in the world. It has a technical system for instrumental online monitoring and computational forecasting of air quality. Methods. The system maintains the information process by means of computational monitoring of its current and future state. Results. The paper describes methodological approaches to the generation of instrumental information about the structure and intensity of traffic flows in the urban road network and its digital transformation into GIS maps of air pollution in terms of pollutants standard limit values excess. Conclusion. The original information technology for air quality control was introduced at the regional level in the form of an official methodology and is used in environmental management activities.

REGENERATION OF A DECAYING URBAN INDUSTRIAL AREA DRIVEN BY ENDOGENOUS HOME INDUSTRIES: A CASE STUDY OF MARÉ FAVELA, RIO DE JANEIRO

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-248
Author(s):  
Shanshan Wu ◽  
Hao Li
Keyword(s):  
Urban Communities ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Industrial Area ◽  
Production Model ◽  
Home Production ◽  
Home Industries ◽  
The City

ABSTRACT Favelas are low-income urban communities in Brazil, and Maré in Rio de Janeiro has the largest cluster of favelas in the country. The prevailing view of a unique, regulated, and normative city conflicts with the reality of the continued expansion of the favelas, posing challenges for architects and urban planners in developing new strategies for integrating informal areas with the main city. This study focused on a decaying industrial area adjacent to the Maré favelas and explored a sustainable path for improving both the quality of the built environment and the quality of life of the residents. Effective infrastructure and socioeconomic links between the favelas and the city were proposed. The home production model that emerged from the favelas inspired the use of the abandoned industrial area as a home-industry incubator. The study proposed an urban regeneration strategy involving a bottom-up industry-space process evolving from home industries to group industries, and finally to larger community industries. This strategy can accelerate Maré’s development and integration with the city of Rio de Janeiro.

scholarly journals Perceived Quality in Sports Centers in Southern Spain: A Case Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (14) ◽  
pp. 3983 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfonso Castillo-Rodriguez ◽  
Wanesa Onetti-Onetti ◽  
José Luis Chinchilla-Minguet
Keyword(s):  
Customer Loyalty ◽  
User Satisfaction ◽  
Perceived Quality ◽  
Measuring Instruments ◽  
Level Of Satisfaction ◽  
Center Activity ◽  
Different Dimensions ◽  
The City

The aim of this study was to analyze the level of satisfaction in three municipal sports centers in the city of Malaga and to learn and analyze the characteristics of users older than 40 years of age in these centers. A total of 303 persons (123 men and 180 women) from three sports centers in the city of Malaga participated in this study (M = 58.14, SD = 7.16 years). The Evaluation of Perceived Quality in Sports Services test (CECASDEP) was used, and the results demonstrated that the different dimensions studied—sports center, activity space, locker rooms, program of activities, and trainer—were very positively correlated. The level of customer loyalty increased with user satisfaction and perceived quality of services as well as the age of the person. Users were also found to be more motivated to take part in physical activities due to greater satisfaction. The highest scores were given to the trainers, who played a key role in all three sports centers. In conclusion, we gathered important insights into perceived quality in different sports centers. This information can be used by sports managers to strengthen dimensions with lower scores and improve those with higher scores. In addition, the study confirms that the level of customer loyalty is related to the perceived quality scores. Therefore, the use of measuring instruments is recommended to optimize the quality of sports services.

scholarly journals Declining Trends in Childhood TB Notifications and Profile of Notified Patients in the City of Harare, Zimbabwe, from 2009 to 2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Phoebe Nzombe ◽  
Srinath Satyanarayana ◽  
Hannock Tweya ◽  
Collins Timire ◽  
Kelvin Charambira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Outcomes ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Preventive Therapy ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Pulmonary Tb ◽  
Childhood Tb ◽  
Clinical Profiles ◽  
The City

Globally, childhood tuberculosis (TB among those aged <15 years) is a neglected component of national TB programmes in high TB burden countries. Zimbabwe, a country in southern Africa, is a high burden country for TB, TB-HIV, and drug-resistant TB. In this study, we assessed trends in annual childhood TB notifications in Harare (the capital of Zimbabwe) from 2009 to 2018 and the demographic, clinical profiles, and treatment outcomes of childhood TB patients notified from 2015–2017 by reviewing the national TB programme records and reports. Overall, there was a decline in the total number of TB patients (all ages) from 5,943 in 2009 to 2,831 in 2018. However, the number of childhood TB patients had declined exponentially 6-fold from 583 patients (117 per 100,000 children) in 2009 to 107 patients (18 per 100,000 children) in 2018. Of the 615 childhood TB patients notified between 2015 and 2017, 556 (89%) patient records were available. There were 53% males, 61% were aged <5 years, 92% were new TB patients, 85% had pulmonary TB, and 89% were treated for-drug sensitive TB, 3% for drug-resistant TB, and 40% were HIV positive (of whom 59% were on ART). Although 58% had successful treatment outcomes, the treatment outcomes of 40% were unknown (not recorded or not evaluated), indicating severe gaps in TB care. The disproportionate decline in childhood TB notifications could be due to the reduction in the TB burden among HIV positive individuals from the scale up of antiretroviral therapy and isoniazid preventive therapy. However, the country is experiencing economic challenges which could also contribute to the disproportionate decline in childhood TB notification and gaps in quality of care. There is an urgent need to understand the reasons for the declining trends and the gaps in care.

scholarly journals Strategies for the Development of Smart Cities: The Case of Kalampaka-Greece

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 70
Author(s):  
Christos Stamopoulos ◽  
Eleni Theodoropoulou
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Determining Factors ◽  
Construction Strategies ◽  
The City ◽  
Simple Selection ◽  
Selection Of

The present paper investigates the characteristics and best construction strategies of smart cities around the world, as well as the determining factors of the satisfaction of the quality of life and the importance of the value of environmental sustainability. A case study of the city of Kalampaka and its residents was examined. The survey was conducted between July 2016 and August 2016. The selection of the sample was done by using the method of simple selection and includes a random sample of N=150 individuals. Statistical analysis showed that resident’s knowledge about smart cities was fairly good (48% of sample knew the phrase “smart cities”). Furthermore, they believe that the appearance of the city of Kalampaka needs improvement (75% of sample is disappointed with the current appearance of the city). Regression analysis showed that the value of environmental sustainability is greatly influenced by the energy saving, as well as, innovation has an impact on the level of quality of life. Older people seem to be satisfied with administration’s efforts.

Developing River Lane as an Alternative for Water Tourism Destination — Case Study: “Kalimas” River Lane of Surabaya, Indonesia

2014 ◽  
Vol 931-932 ◽  
pp. 781-784
Author(s):  
Retno Hastijanti
Keyword(s):  
Applied Research ◽  
River Management ◽  
The Other ◽  
Tourism Destination ◽  
Central Java ◽  
The World ◽  
Alternative Water ◽  
The City

Surabaya, is one of the oldest cities in Indonesia. Since 1612, Surabaya has been a very busy trading center. Kalimas River, which is the river that flowing in the middle of the city of Surabaya, necessarily be a "River of Gold". It is used by traders, as a transport route for carrying goods from central Java to Surabaya. And from Surabaya, these goods are distributed throughout the world. The river management of Kalimas River is very complex. On the other hand, the development of tourism in Surabaya is very encouraging. Then, it is needed to propose a new tourism destination base on the potential of Kalimas River. Because there is no type of water attractions in Surabaya yet, so we need a study that focused on understanding the river lane as an alternative of water attraction in Surabaya. This research will be done in the realm of qualitative research. Based on the research objectives, the type of research that will be applied research so that the results can be much easier to implement. As the summary, it concluded that there are 4 steps to develop the Kalimas River lane as an aternative for water tourism destination in Surabaya, which are improving the quality of its existing condition, developing its potential to serve the purpose of water tourism, achieving the needs and expectations of the citizens of Surabaya on the river lane as an alternative water tourism destination, and finding new icon for Surabaya water tourism.

scholarly journals Environmental Urbanization Assessment Using GIS and Multicriteria Decision Analysis: A Case Study for Denizli (Turkey) Municipal Area

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Erdal Akyol ◽  
Mutlu Alkan ◽  
Ali Kaya ◽  
Suat Tasdelen ◽  
Ali Aydin
Keyword(s):  
Decision Analysis ◽  
Environmental Quality ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Multicriteria Decision Analysis ◽  
Multicriteria Decision ◽  
The City

In recent years, life quality of the urban areas is a growing interest of civil engineering. Environmental quality is essential to display the position of sustainable development and asserts the corresponding countermeasures to the protection of environment. Urban environmental quality involves multidisciplinary parameters and difficulties to be analyzed. The problem is not only complex but also involves many uncertainties, and decision-making on these issues is a challenging problem which contains many parameters and alternatives inherently. Multicriteria decision analysis (MCDA) is a very prepotent technique to solve that sort of problems, and it guides the users confidence by synthesizing that information. Environmental concerns frequently contain spatial information. Spatial multicriteria decision analysis (SMCDA) that includes Geographic Information System (GIS) is efficient to tackle that type of problems. This study has employed some geographic and urbanization parameters to assess the environmental urbanization quality used by those methods. The study area has been described in five categories: very favorable, favorable, moderate, unfavorable, and very unfavorable. The results are momentous to see the current situation, and they could help to mitigate the related concerns. The study proves that the SMCDA descriptions match the environmental quality perception in the city.

scholarly journals Contribution to the Analysis of Depopulation in Rural Areas of the Balkans: Case Study of the Municipality of Niksic, Montenegro

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 3328
Author(s):  
Biljana Mickovic ◽  
Dragica Mijanovic ◽  
Velibor Spalevic ◽  
Goran Skataric ◽  
Branislav Dudic
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Population Decline ◽  
The Balkans ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
State Enterprises ◽  
The City

This paper analyses demographic trends and population decline of the rural area surrounding Niksic, Montenegro, from the second half of the 20th century to the first two decades of the 21st century. After World War II, industry in Niksic began to develop strongly. A large number of state enterprises started to operate, and the consequent industrialisation and improved living conditions triggered a wave of migration from the surrounding rural areas to Niksic. The paper describes the depopulation of rural areas and the causes and consequences of migration within the Municipality of Niksic based on an analysis of population movement and density, the rural and urban populations, and the age structure of the population. Transformations of the economy after 1990 indicate that the neglect of agriculture and the destruction of agricultural land are mistakes that will prove difficult to correct. The results of our research reveal that, today, revitalisation of the countryside is only possible if non-agricultural activities are brought to the area centres and the quality of life is improved in the villages, which would reduce unemployment in the city. A solid traffic infrastructure between individual settlements and their connection with the city is also necessary. Between 2003 and 2011, the agricultural population increased by 1.2%, which gives hope because agriculture is now being recognised as significant, and a movement for changing the inherited negative perception of it is being created. This research is addressed to the state and municipal administrations of the region with the message to implement responsible and timely measures to revitalise the countryside and stop the extinction of the villages.

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