scholarly journals Evaluation of Phytochemical Content As Well As Antioxidant and Free Radical Scavenging Activity of Oven- and Freeze-Dried Hydroponic- and Soil-Grown Kale-Derived Extracts

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 369-369
Author(s):  
Alivia Setka ◽  
Rami Najjar ◽  
Maureen Meister ◽  
Rafaela Feresin
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
The Other ◽  
Glucosinolate Content ◽  
Oven Drying ◽  
Phytochemical Content ◽  
Freeze Dried

Abstract Objectives Hydroponic farming is a sustainable alternative to traditional soil farming. Kale is a powerhouse food rich in nutrients, polyphenols and glucosinolates. Dehydration of kale leaves for extract preparation can be done by freeze- or oven-drying. These methods can significantly affect the phytochemical content and antioxidant capacity of plant food extracts. Thus, we aimed to compare the polyphenolic and glucosinolate content and the antioxidant capacity of hydroponic- vs soil-grown and oven- vs freeze-dried kale extracts. Methods Hydroponic kale was grown in an indoor vertical hydroponic farm while soil kale was purchased from a local grocery store. Kale was then freeze- or oven-dried prior to ethanolic extraction (80%) assisted by an ultrasonic bath followed by purification with chloroform. Total polyphenol (TPC), flavonoid (TFC) and glucosinolate content (TGC) of kale extracts were determined using Folin-Ciocalteu, aluminum chloride, and palladium(II) chloride, respectively. Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) and free radical scavenging power (FRAP) were used to measure antioxidant capacity and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) was used to measure radical scavenging capacity of kale extracts. Results Oven-dried soil-grown kale extract had significantly higher TPC and TGC than freeze-dried soil-grown as well as hydroponic-grown oven- and freeze-dried kale extracts. Soil-grown kale had higher TFC than hydroponic kale extracts; however, the TFC was not significantly different between freeze- and oven-dried kale extracts for soil- or hydroponic-grown kale extracts. Oven-dried soil-grown kale extract had the highest TEAC, which was significantly different than all the other extracts. FRAP and DPPH was significantly higher in freeze-dried soil-grown kale-derived extracts compared to all the other extracts. Conclusions Results indicate that soil-grown kale extracts had the highest TPC, TGC, and antioxidant capacity. In addition, oven-drying led to greater TFC, TGC in kale extracts than freeze-drying while freeze-drying led higher amounts of TPC compared to oven-drying. Further, freeze-dried kale extracts had higher antioxidant capacity than oven-dried. Thus, further studies are needed to examine and compare the antioxidant effects of these forms of kale extract in vivo. Funding Sources Georgia State University Honors College.

scholarly journals Antioxidant Rich Extracts of Terminalia ferdinandiana Inhibit the Growth of Foodborne Bacteria

Foods ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saleha Akter ◽  
Michael E. Netzel ◽  
Ujang Tinggi ◽  
Simone A. Osborne ◽  
Mary T. Fletcher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Food Preservation ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Foodborne Bacteria ◽  
Terminalia Ferdinandiana

Terminalia ferdinandiana (Kakadu plum) is a native Australian plant containing phytochemicals with antioxidant capacity. In the search for alternatives to synthetic preservatives, antioxidants from plants and herbs are increasingly being investigated for the preservation of food. In this study, extracts were prepared from Terminalia ferdinandiana fruit, leaves, seedcoats, and bark using different solvents. Hydrolysable and condensed tannin contents in the extracts were determined, as well as antioxidant capacity, by measuring the total phenolic content (TPC) and free radical scavenging activity using the 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. Total phenolic content was higher in the fruits and barks with methanol extracts, containing the highest TPC, hydrolysable tannins, and DPPH-free radical scavenging capacity (12.2 ± 2.8 g/100 g dry weight (DW), 55 ± 2 mg/100 g DW, and 93% respectively). Saponins and condensed tannins were highest in bark extracts (7.0 ± 0.2 and 6.5 ± 0.7 g/100 g DW). The antimicrobial activity of extracts from fruit and leaves showed larger zones of inhibition, compared to seedcoats and barks, against the foodborne bacteria Listeria monocytogenes, Bacillus cereus, Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus, and clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration in response to the different extracts ranged from 1.0 to 3.0 mg/mL. Scanning electron microscopy images of the treated bacteria showed morphological changes, leading to cell death. These results suggest that antioxidant rich extracts of Terminalia ferdinandiana fruits and leaves have potential applications as natural antimicrobials in food preservation.

scholarly journals Effects of Fruit Maturity on Physicochemical Properties, Sugar Accumulation and Antioxidant Capacity of Wild Harvested Kakadu Plum (Terminalia ferdinandiana)

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 48
Author(s):  
Anh Dao Thi Phan ◽  
Maral Seidi Damyeh ◽  
Saleha Akter ◽  
Mridusmita Chaliha ◽  
Michael E. Netzel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Maturity Stages ◽  
Radical Scavenging Capacity ◽  
Scavenging Capacity ◽  
Kakadu Plum ◽  
Terminalia Ferdinandiana

Terminalia ferdinandiana (Kakadu plum), belonging to the family Combretaceae, is endemic to Australia and has a long history of traditional medicinal applications and food cuisine by the Australian Indigenous people. This study investigated the effects of maturity stages on the morphology, physicochemical parameters (total soluble solids (TSS), total acid content (TAC), and pH), soluble sugar profile and antioxidant capacity of Kakadu plum (KP) fruits that were wild harvested from different trees and classified into four different maturity stages (immature to mature). TSS and TAC were determined by standard assays/procedures, main sugars by UHPLC–MS/MS and antioxidant capacity (total phenolic content (TPC) and DPPH free radical scavenging capacity) by spectrophotometry. The results showed that soluble sugars (glucose, sucrose and fructose) ranging from 1.3 to 17.7% dry weight (DW), TSS (17.0–52.7% DW) and TAC (1.3–6.7% DW) increased with maturity. However, antioxidant capacity (TPC in the range of 7.4–21.9% DW and DPPH free radical scavenging capacity from 22 to 76% inhibition at the extract concentration of 20 g·L−1) did not follow the same trend as the one observed for soluble sugars, TSS and TAC. These differences were associated with the tree-to-tree variability as a consequence of the wild harvest condition. This study provides important information to both the KP industry and Indigenous enterprises regarding the selection of the appropriate maturity stage to harvest KP fruit to target for different markets (e.g., low-sugar vs. high-sugar fruit).

scholarly journals PHYTOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF THE NORTHERN MOROCCAN SPECIES: WITHANIA FRUTESCENS L.

2019 ◽  
pp. 276-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
ABDELFATTAH EL MOUSSAOUI ◽  
FATIMA ZAHRA JAWHARI ◽  
DALILA BOUSTA ◽  
AMINA BARI
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Mineral Elements ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Butylated Hydroxytoluene ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Total Polyphenols

Objective: In this study, we were interested in qualitative, quantitative phytochemical characterization and evaluation of the antioxidant capacity of the total extracts of a plant from northern Morocco, the species selected for this study is Withania frutescens. Materials and Methods: Analysis of mineral elements by inductive coupling plasma-atomic absorption spectroscopy (ICP-AES), phytochemical screening, polyphenol and tannin assays, evaluation of antioxidant activity by the 1,2-diphenyl-β-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging method and reducing power. Results: The plant contains alkaloids, saponins, tannins, mucilages, and coumarins. It has a relatively high content of total polyphenols and tannins of 19.53±0.018 μg genetic generalized epilepsy/mg MS and 6.258±0.062 μg Eqcat/mg MS, respectively. The analysis of mineral elements by ICP-AES shows that our species is rich in mineral elements which are calcium, magnesium, and sodium, and it is devoid of metallic elements such as nickel, lead, cadmium, and cobalt. The evaluation of antioxidant activity by the DPPH free radical scavenging method shows that the half maximal inhibitory concentration of the tested extracts has an antiradical activity of about 0.056±0.008 μg/ml for the ethanol extract and 0.213±0.004 μg/ml for the methanol extract compared to the butylated hydroxytoluene value of 0.009±0.0004 μg/ml which was used as a reference. The reducing capacity test shows that methanolic extract has a high antioxidant capacity (0.213±0.006) compared to ethanolic extract (0.043±0.004) but remains low compared to ascorbic acid (0.003±0.0004) which was used as reference. Conclusion: Phytochemical analysis of W. frutescens shows that this plant is rich in high quantities of alkaloids, saponins, mucilage, tannins, and coumarins. It contains an average amount of total polyphenols and tannins that confer significant antioxidant activity to the plant studied.

scholarly journals Solvent polarity mediates phytochemical yield and antioxidant capacity of Isatis tinctoria

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e7857
Author(s):  
Abdul Wakeel ◽  
Sohail Ahmad Jan ◽  
Ikram Ullah ◽  
Zabta Khan Shinwari ◽  
Ming Xu
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Solvent Polarity ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Isatis Tinctoria ◽  
Polarity Index ◽  
Radical Scavenging Capacity ◽  
Scavenging Capacity

Secondary metabolites have been extensively used in the treatment of various health problems. The role of solvent polarity on the phytochemical isolation and antioxidant capacity of Isatis tinctoria (woad) is elusive. In the present study, 14 solvents with different polarity were used in the extraction and total phenolic and flavonoid content (TPC and TFC) investigation. Ferricyanide, phosphomolybdenum, and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) methods were used to calculate and compare the antioxidant/free radical scavenging capacity. Our results showed that solvent polarity greatly affects TPC and TFC yield, which is mainly increasing with increasing solvent polarity index and suddenly decreasing at very high polarity. The comparative results showed that TPC is directly correlated with reducing power, antioxidant, and free radical scavenging capacity. Taken together, we conclude that different woad plant parts contain different level of secondary metabolites with a specific polarity that requires a particular solvent with an appropriate polarity index for the extraction. The identification of these biologically active crude extracts and fractions are very important for the basic biological sciences, pharmaceutical applications, and future research for HPLC based active compounds isolation.

First Report on Better Functional Property of Black Chicken Meat from India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renuka Sehrawat ◽  
Rekha Sharma ◽  
Sonika Ahlawat ◽  
Vivek Sharma ◽  
Mohan Singh Thakur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Breast Meat ◽  
Vitro Assay ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Meat Extract ◽  
Scavenging Capacity

Background: Indian domesticated chickens have a wide variety of phenotypes. Unlike other chicken breeds, Kadaknath chicken has black meat and is used by indigenous tribal people for its invigorating and therapeutic properties. To look for the functional traits that might be contributing towards the acclaimed benefits, free radical scavenging capacity and metal chelating ability of Kadaknath meat were explored for the first time in comparison to the commercial Cobb broiler. Methods: During the period 2018-2020, breast and thigh meat were collected from chickens (n=20/ group) at their commercial slaughter age. Meat extract was used for qualitative evaluation of protein as well as the antioxidant capacity utilizing diverse in vitro methods corresponding to different antioxidation mechanisms.Result: Protein concentration (g/100g of tissue) in Kadaknath breast (25.25 ± 0.31) and thigh (19.98 ± 0.29) meat was significantly (P less than 0.05) higher than the Cobb. Breast meat had better scavenging capacity than the thigh. The superiority of the antioxidant capacity of Kadaknath meat was explicitly established by more than one in vitro assay. Free radical scavenging assays viz. 2,2-azinobis (3-ethyl-benzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS); 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and Cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) had significantly (P less than 0.05) higher values for Kadaknath in comparison to the Cobb broiler meat. Ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) values (mM Fe2+/g of tissue) were also more in breast meat of Kadaknath (26.97±0.37) than the Cobb (15.24±0.40). Similarly, FRAP values were higher in Kadaknath (33.85±0.47) than the Cobb (19.2±0.31) thigh meat. Kadaknath had higher antioxidant capacity as reflected by metal chelation inhibition value. These findings help to explain the unique nutritional and functional characteristics of Kadaknath black-bone chicken and provide basic research data for exploring the commercial potential of its meat in the fields of functional foods, cosmeceuticals and nuutraceuticals.

scholarly journals Antihyperglycaemic and antioxidant activities of Crataeva adansonii DC. ssp. adansonii leaves extract on ICR mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1-s) ◽  
pp. 30-38
Author(s):  
Kokou Atchou ◽  
Povi Lawson-Evi ◽  
Kossi Metowogo ◽  
Batomayena Bakoma ◽  
Kwashie Eklu-Gadegbeku ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Total Antioxidant

Crataeva adansonii DC. ssp. adansonii is a medicinal plant belong to Capparidaceae family, used traditionally by Togolese to treat diabetes mellitus. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antihyperglycaemic and antioxidant activities of the plant leaves. The effect of hydroethanolic extract of C. adansonii ssp. adansonii leaves was assessed in vivo on blood glucose levels in fasting normal and glucose loaded hyperglycemic (oral glucose tolerance test) mice. The phytochemical screening has been done by coloring tests in chemistry. In vitro antioxidants assays had been performed by 2, 2'-azobis 2 amidinopropane dihydrochloride (AAPH) free radical scavenging assay, Ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay, Fe2+ chelating assay and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) quantification. After 30 min glucose loading (4 g/kg), the extract 500 mg/kg was showed a significant (p < 0.001) decreased of the peak of blood glucose compared to the hyperglycemic control. The two doses of extract (250 and 500 mg/kg) did not act on the basic blood glucose compared to the normoglycemic control. Phytochemical screening revealed a presence of flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids and sterols. AAPH free radical scavenging activity, reducing power, Fe2+ chelating activity and total antioxidant capacity have shown dose-dependent antioxidant capacity and reducing power of extract compared to ascorbic acid and Butylated hydroxyl Toluene used as reference drug. These finding prove that C. adansonii ssp. adansonii leaves can be used in the treatment of diabetes mellitus and its complications related to oxidative stress and support the use of the plant in traditional medicine in diabetes treatment.  Keywords: Crataeva adansonii, antihyperglycaemic, phytochemical, antioxidant.

scholarly journals Protective effects of olive oil phenolics oleuropein and hydroxytyrosol against hydrogen peroxide-induced DNA damage in human peripheral lymphocytes

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-141
Author(s):  
Nataša Zorić ◽  
Nevenka Kopjar ◽  
Jadranka Vuković Rodriguez ◽  
Siniša Tomić ◽  
Ivan Kosalec
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Olive Oil ◽  
Human Lymphocytes ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Human Peripheral Lymphocytes ◽  
Primary Dna Damage

AbstractThis study investigates antioxidant capacity and protective effects of phenolic compounds oleuropein (OLP) and hydroxytyrosol (HT), present in olive oil and olive leaves, against H2O2-induced DNA damage in human peripheral lymphocytes. Antioxidant potency was determined using the measurement of radical-scavenging activity (ABTS∙+ assay), ferric reducing power (FRAP assay) and cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC assay). Both substances were found to be potent antioxidant agents due to their free radical-scavenging activities. Antigenotoxic effects of oleuropein and hydroxytyrosol against H2O2-induced damage in human lymphocytes were evaluated in vitro by alkaline comet assay. At tested concentrations (1, 5, 10 µmol L−1), oleuropein and hydroxytyrosol did not induce a significant increase of primary DNA damage in comparison with the negative control. Pretreatment of human lymphocytes with each of the substances for 120 min produced a dose-dependent reduction of primary DNA damage in the tested cell type. Hydroxytyrosol showed a better protective effect against H2O2-induced DNA breaks than oleuropein which could be associated with their free radical-scavenging efficacy.

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