The Fermented Soy Beverage Q-CAN® Plus Induces Changes in the Oral and Intestinal Microbiome (P20-018-19)

Abstract Objectives To better understand the mechanisms for the beneficial effects of Q-CAN we identified changes in the fecal and oral microbiome in healthy subjects. Due to the high prevalence of obesity, and the known differences in the microbiome in obesity we want to test the effects on Q-CAN on lean and obese subjects. Methods Prospective study of lean (10) and obese (10) subjects. 11 clinic visits over 14 weeks. 237 ml of soy was dispensed at visit 3 and was consumed twice daily for 4 weeks until visit 7. Visits 8–11 were post treatment. Microbial DNA was extracted from saliva and stool samples, amplified against the V4 region of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene. Raw DNA sequencing data analyzed with the QIIME 1.9.1 bioinformatics pipeline. samples producing > 5000 reads were considered for analysis, and the cutoff abundance was 0.01%. Statistical validation was performed using the SAS software package to calculate Least Squares Means (LSM) and group difference of LSM. 440 samples were collected in total, 424 of which were productive and yielded good quality data. Results STOOL. Obese had higher firmicute/bacteroidetes ratio compared to the lean group. At phylum level the gut microbiome of the obese group shows a trend for decreased firmicute/bacteroidetes ratio while taking Q-CAN. In the lean population actinobacteria show a statistically significant increase (0.0095 ± 0.0039, P = 0.02) during soy consumption compared to baseline. Several genera show a significant decrease in abundance in the obese group upon soy withdrawal including Faecalibacterium, Bifidobacterium and Sutterella. Dorea is increasing in obese group and Lachnospiraceae genus is decreasing in the lean group when comparing samples during consumption to baseline. ORAL. Veillonella and Oribacterium increased during soy consumption vs baseline, while Neisseria is decreasing. Conclusions Fermented soy consumption introduced changes in the abundance of the oral and gut microbiome. The decreasing firmicute to Bacteroidetes ratio is particularly promising as a low ratio is associated with lean body type, while a high ratio is associated with obese body type. The shift in the microbiome in obese individuals may be associated with health benefits such as reduced inflammation, or improvement in the metabolic phenotype. Funding Sources Beso Biological Research, Inc.

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The Fermented Soy Beverage Q-CAN® Plus Induces Beneficial Changes in the Oral and Intestinal Microbiome

10.21203/rs.3.rs-26827/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Evangelos Dioletis ◽

Ricardo Paiva ◽

Eleanna Kaffe ◽

Eric R. Secor ◽

Theresa R. Weiss ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oral Microbiome ◽

Intestinal Microbiome ◽

Quality Data ◽

Positive Health ◽

Fecal Microbiome ◽

The Family ◽

Stool Samples ◽

Microbial Dna ◽

Good Quality Data

Abstract Background: Soy products are associated with many beneficial health consequences, but their effects on the human intestinal microbiome are poorly characterized. Objectives: To identify the changes in the oral and fecal microbiome in lean and obese participants due to consumption of Q-CAN®, and to assess the expected consequences of these changes based on the published literature. Methods: Prospective study of lean (10) and obese (9) participants consuming Q-CAN® twice daily for 4 weeks with 8 weeks follow-up. Microbial DNA was extracted from saliva and stool samples, amplified against the V4 region of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene and data analyzed using QIIME 1.9.1 bioinformatics. 440 samples were collected in total, 424 of which were productive and yielded good quality data. Results: STOOL. In the lean population Bifidobacteria and Blautia show a significant increase while taking Q-CAN®, and there was a trend for this in the obese population. ORAL. There were relatively fewer major changes in the oral microbiome with an increase in the family Veillonellaceae in the lean population while on Q-CAN®. Conclusion: Q-CAN® consumption induced a number of significant changes in the fecal and oral microbiome. Most notably an increase in the stool microbiome of Bifidobacteria and Blautia, both of which are associated with positive health benefits, and in the saliva an increase in Veillonellaceae. Trial registration: This trial was registered with Clinicaltrials.gov on January 14th 2016. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02656056

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The fermented soy beverage Q-CAN® plus induces beneficial changes in the oral and intestinal microbiome

BMC Nutrition ◽

10.1186/s40795-021-00408-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Evangelos Dioletis ◽

Ricardo S. Paiva ◽

Eleanna Kaffe ◽

Eric R. Secor ◽

Theresa R. Weiss ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oral Microbiome ◽

Intestinal Microbiome ◽

Quality Data ◽

Positive Health ◽

Fecal Microbiome ◽

The Family ◽

Stool Samples ◽

Microbial Dna ◽

Good Quality Data

Abstract Background Soy products are associated with many beneficial health consequences, but their effects on the human intestinal microbiome are poorly characterized. Objectives To identify the changes in the oral and fecal microbiome in lean and obese participants due to consumption of Q-CAN®, and to assess the expected consequences of these changes based on the published literature. Methods Prospective study of lean (10) and obese (9) participants consuming Q-CAN® twice daily for 4 weeks with 8 weeks follow-up. Microbial DNA was extracted from saliva and stool samples, amplified against the V4 region of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene and data analyzed using QIIME 1.9.1 bioinformatics. Four hundred forty-four samples were collected in total, 424 of which were productive and yielded good quality data. Results STOOL. In the lean population Bifidobacteria and Blautia show a significant increase while taking Q-CAN®, and there was a trend for this in the obese population. ORAL. There were relatively fewer major changes in the oral microbiome with an increase in the family Veillonellaceae in the lean population while on Q-CAN®. Conclusion Q-CAN® consumption induced a number of significant changes in the fecal and oral microbiome. Most notably an increase in the stool microbiome of Bifidobacteria and Blautia, both of which are associated with positive health benefits, and in the saliva an increase in Veillonellaceae. Trial registration This trial was registered with Clinicaltrials.gov on January 14th 2016. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02656056

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The Fermented Soy Beverage Q-CAN® Plus Induces Beneficial Changes in the Oral and Intestinal Microbiome

10.21203/rs.3.rs-26827/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Evangelos Dioletis ◽

Ricardo Paiva ◽

Eleanna Kaffe ◽

Eric R. Secor ◽

Theresa R. Weiss ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oral Microbiome ◽

Intestinal Microbiome ◽

Quality Data ◽

Positive Health ◽

Fecal Microbiome ◽

Fermented Product ◽

Wide Range ◽

Obese Subjects ◽

Stool Samples ◽

Microbial Dna

Abstract Background Q-CAN® Plus is a pasteurized soy fermented product rich in isoflavones that has been used for over 30 years to aid in recovery from a wide range of conditions. Objectives To identify the changes in the oral and fecal microbiome in lean and obese subjects due to consumption of Q-CAN®, and to assess the expected consequences of these changes based on the published literature. Methods Prospective study of lean (10) and obese (9) subjects consuming Q-CAN® twice daily for 4 weeks with 8 weeks follow-up. Microbial DNA was extracted from saliva and stool samples, amplified against the V4 region of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene and data analyzed using QIIME 1.9.1 bioinformatics. 440 samples were collected in total, 424 of which were productive and yielded good quality data. Results STOOL. In the lean population Bifidobacteria and Blautia show a significant increase while taking Q-CAN®, and there was a trend for this in the obese population. ORAL. There were relatively fewer major changes in the oral microbiome with an increase in the family Veillonellaceae in the lean population while on Q-CAN®. Conclusion Q-CAN® consumption induced a number of significant changes in the fecal and oral microbiome. Most notably an increase in the stool microbiome of Bifidobacteria and Blautia, both of which are associated with positive health benefits, and in the saliva an increase in Veillonellaceae.

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The Fermented Soy Beverage Q-CAN® Plus Induces Beneficial Changes in the Oral and Intestinal Microbiome

10.21203/rs.3.rs-22397/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Evangelos Dioletis ◽

Ricardo Paiva ◽

Eleanna Kaffe ◽

Eric R. Secor ◽

Theresa R. Weiss ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oral Microbiome ◽

Intestinal Microbiome ◽

Quality Data ◽

Positive Health ◽

Fecal Microbiome ◽

Fermented Product ◽

Wide Range ◽

Obese Subjects ◽

Stool Samples ◽

Microbial Dna

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Retinitis pigmentosa is associated with shifts in the gut microbiome

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-86052-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Oksana Kutsyr ◽

Lucía Maestre-Carballa ◽

Mónica Lluesma-Gomez ◽

Manuel Martinez-Garcia ◽

Nicolás Cuenca ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Retinitis Pigmentosa ◽

Gut Microbiome ◽

Functional Decline ◽

Retinal Disease ◽

Photoreceptor Cells ◽

Amplicon Sequencing ◽

Rrna Gene ◽

Sequencing Data ◽

Alpha And Beta Diversity ◽

Potential Biomarker

AbstractThe gut microbiome is known to influence the pathogenesis and progression of neurodegenerative diseases. However, there has been relatively little focus upon the implications of the gut microbiome in retinal diseases such as retinitis pigmentosa (RP). Here, we investigated changes in gut microbiome composition linked to RP, by assessing both retinal degeneration and gut microbiome in the rd10 mouse model of RP as compared to control C57BL/6J mice. In rd10 mice, retinal responsiveness to flashlight stimuli and visual acuity were deteriorated with respect to observed in age-matched control mice. This functional decline in dystrophic animals was accompanied by photoreceptor loss, morphologic anomalies in photoreceptor cells and retinal reactive gliosis. Furthermore, 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing data showed a microbial gut dysbiosis with differences in alpha and beta diversity at the genera, species and amplicon sequence variants (ASV) levels between dystrophic and control mice. Remarkably, four fairly common ASV in healthy gut microbiome belonging to Rikenella spp., Muribaculaceace spp., Prevotellaceae UCG-001 spp., and Bacilli spp. were absent in the gut microbiome of retinal disease mice, while Bacteroides caecimuris was significantly enriched in mice with RP. The results indicate that retinal degenerative changes in RP are linked to relevant gut microbiome changes. The findings suggest that microbiome shifting could be considered as potential biomarker and therapeutic target for retinal degenerative diseases.

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Sulpiride Serves, a Substrate for the Gut Microbiome

Dose-Response ◽

10.1177/1559325820987943 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 155932582098794

Author(s):

Imran Mukhtar ◽

Haseeb Anwar ◽

Osman Asghar Mirza ◽

Qasim Ali ◽

Muhammad Umar Ijaz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oral Administration ◽

Gut Microbiome ◽

Drug Target ◽

Membrane Transporters ◽

Intestinal Microbiome ◽

Albino Rats ◽

Body Organ ◽

Total Absorbance ◽

Research World

In the contemporary research world, the intestinal microbiome is now envisioned as a new body organ. Recently, the gut microbiome represents a new drug target in the gut, since various orthologues of intestinal drug transporters are also found present in the microbiome that lines the small intestine of the host. Owing to this, absorbance of sulpiride by the gut microbiome in an in vivo albino rats model was assessed after the oral administration with a single dose of 20mg/kg b.w. The rats were subsequently sacrificed at 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 hours post oral administration to collect the gut microbial mass pellet. The drug absorbance by the gut microbiome was determined by pursuing the microbial lysate through RP-HPLC-UV. Total absorbance of sulpiride by the whole gut microbiome and drug absorbance per milligram of microbial pellet were found significantly higher at 4 hours post-administration as compared to all other groups. These results affirm the hypothesis that the structural homology between membrane transporters of the gut microbiome and intestinal epithelium of the host might play an important role in drug absorbance by gut microbes in an in vivo condition.

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High-fat diet-induced obesity and impairment of brain neurotransmitter pool

Translational Neuroscience ◽

10.1515/tnsci-2020-0099 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 147-160

Author(s):

Ranyah Shaker M. Labban ◽

Hanan Alfawaz ◽

Ahmed T. Almnaizel ◽

Wail M. Hassan ◽

Ramesa Shafi Bhat ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Brain Tissue ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Obese Group ◽

Control Group ◽

High Fat ◽

Brain Neurotransmitter ◽

The Brain ◽

Lean Group

AbstractObesity and the brain are linked since the brain can control the weight of the body through its neurotransmitters. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity on brain functioning through the measurement of brain glutamate, dopamine, and serotonin metabolic pools. In the present study, two groups of rats served as subjects. Group 1 was fed a normal diet and named as the lean group. Group 2 was fed an HFD for 4 weeks and named as the obese group. Markers of oxidative stress (malondialdehyde, glutathione, glutathione-s-transferase, and vitamin C), inflammatory cytokines (interleukin [IL]-6 and IL-12), and leptin along with a lipid profile (cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein, and low-density lipoprotein levels) were measured in the serum. Neurotransmitters dopamine, serotonin, and glutamate were measured in brain tissue. Fecal samples were collected for observing changes in gut flora. In brain tissue, significantly high levels of dopamine and glutamate as well as significantly low levels of serotonin were found in the obese group compared to those in the lean group (P > 0.001) and were discussed in relation to the biochemical profile in the serum. It was also noted that the HFD affected bacterial gut composition in comparison to the control group with gram-positive cocci dominance in the control group compared to obese. The results of the present study confirm that obesity is linked to inflammation, oxidative stress, dyslipidemic processes, and altered brain neurotransmitter levels that can cause obesity-related neuropsychiatric complications.

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Gut Microbiome in Psoriasis: An Updated Review

Pathogens ◽

10.3390/pathogens9060463 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (6) ◽

pp. 463

Author(s):

Mariusz Sikora ◽

Albert Stec ◽

Magdalena Chrabaszcz ◽

Aleksandra Knot ◽

Anna Waskiel-Burnat ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gut Microbiome ◽

Beta Diversity ◽

Large Scale ◽

Skin Diseases ◽

Intestinal Barrier ◽

Alpha Diversity ◽

Current Data ◽

Intestinal Microbiome ◽

Microbial Composition ◽

Alpha And Beta Diversity

(1) Background: A growing body of evidence highlights that intestinal dysbiosis is associated with the development of psoriasis. The gut–skin axis is the novel concept of the interaction between skin diseases and microbiome through inflammatory mediators, metabolites and the intestinal barrier. The objective of this study was to synthesize current data on the gut microbial composition in psoriasis. (2) Methods: We conducted a systematic review of studies investigating intestinal microbiome in psoriasis, using the PRISMA checklist. We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases for relevant published articles (2000–2020). (3) Results: All of the 10 retrieved studies reported alterations in the gut microbiome in patients with psoriasis. Eight studies assessed alpha- and beta-diversity. Four of them reported a lack of change in alpha-diversity, but all confirmed significant changes in beta-diversity. At the phylum-level, at least two or more studies reported a lower relative abundance of Bacteroidetes, and higher Firmicutes in psoriasis patients versus healthy controls. (4) Conclusions: There is a significant association between alterations in gut microbial composition and psoriasis; however, there is high heterogeneity between studies. More unified methodological standards in large-scale studies are needed to understand microbiota’s contribution to psoriasis pathogenesis and its modulation as a potential therapeutic strategy.

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Basal Diet Determined Long-Term Composition of the Gut Microbiome and Mouse Phenotype to a Greater Extent than Fecal Microbiome Transfer from Lean or Obese Human Donors

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu11071630 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (7) ◽

pp. 1630 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Daphne M. Rodriguez ◽

Abby D. Benninghoff ◽

Niklas D.J. Aardema ◽

Sumira Phatak ◽

Korry J. Hintze

Keyword(s):

Gut Microbiome ◽

Basal Diet ◽

Body Type ◽

Human Donor ◽

Final Body Weight ◽

Linear Discriminant ◽

Fecal Microbiome ◽

Microbiome Composition ◽

Diet Induced Obesity ◽

Obese Human

The Western dietary pattern can alter the gut microbiome and cause obesity and metabolic disorders. To examine the interactions between diet, the microbiome, and obesity, we transplanted gut microbiota from lean or obese human donors into mice fed one of three diets for 22 weeks: (1) a control AIN93G diet; (2) the total Western diet (TWD), which mimics the American diet; or (3) a 45% high-fat diet-induced obesity (DIO) diet. We hypothesized that a fecal microbiome transfer (FMT) from obese donors would lead to an obese phenotype and aberrant glucose metabolism in recipient mice that would be exacerbated by consumption of the TWD or DIO diets. Prior to the FMT, the native microbiome was depleted using an established broad-spectrum antibiotic protocol. Interestingly, the human donor body type microbiome did not significantly affect final body weight or body composition in mice fed any of the experimental diets. Beta diversity analysis and linear discriminant analysis with effect size (LEfSe) showed that mice that received an FMT from obese donors had a significantly different microbiome compared to mice that received an FMT from lean donors. However, after 22 weeks, diet influenced the microbiome composition irrespective of donor body type, suggesting that diet is a key variable in the shaping of the gut microbiome after FMT.

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Integrative analysis of the gut microbiome and metabolome in a rat model with stress induced irritable bowel syndrome

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-97083-z ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Yue Hu ◽

Fang Chen ◽

Haiyong Ye ◽

Bin Lu

Keyword(s):

Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽

Gut Microbiota ◽

Rat Model ◽

Gut Microbiome ◽

16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽

Metabolic Phenotype ◽

Control Group ◽

Rrna Gene ◽

Microbial Dysbiosis ◽

Irritable Bowel

AbstractStress is one of the major causes of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), which is well-known for perturbing the microbiome and exacerbating IBS-associated symptoms. However, changes in the gut microbiome and metabolome in response to colorectal distention (CRD), combined with restraint stress (RS) administration, remains unclear. In this study, CRD and RS stress were used to construct an IBS rat model. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing was used to characterize the microbiota in ileocecal contents. UHPLC-QTOF-MS/MS assay was used to characterize the metabolome of gut microbiota. As a result, significant gut microbial dysbiosis was observed in stress-induced IBS rats, with the obvious enrichment of three and depletion of 11 bacterial taxa in IBS rats, when compared with those in the control group (q < 0.05). Meanwhile, distinct changes in the fecal metabolic phenotype of stress-induced IBS rats were also found, including five increased and 19 decreased metabolites. Furthermore, phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis were the main metabolic pathways induced by IBS stress. Moreover, the altered gut microbiota had a strong correlation with the changes in metabolism of stress-induced IBS rats. Prevotella bacteria are correlated with the metabolism of 1-Naphthol and Arg.Thr. In conclusion, the gut microbiome, metabolome and their interaction were altered. This may be critical for the development of stress-induced IBS.

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