Automated Simultaneous Turbidimetric Determination of Cholesterol in β- and pre-β-Lipoproteins

1971 ◽  
Vol 17 (10) ◽  
pp. 994-997 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Lopez ◽  
R Vial ◽  
L Gremillion ◽  
L Bell
Keyword(s):  
Mass Screening ◽  
Accurate Method ◽  
Automated Method ◽  
Manual Methods

Abstract An automated method is described for simultaneously determining cholesterol in serum β- and pre-β-lipoprotein fractions. This fast, reproducible, accurate method depends on the ability of β- and pre-β-lipoproteins to form insoluble complexes with polyanionic polysaccharides such as heparin. Values obtained by this method and by similar manual methods described in the literature agree well. This method is extremely useful in mass screening for hyperlipidemias; in certain cases it may be more useful than the determination of only cholesterol or triglycerides.

Determination of Uric Acid

1964 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 838-844 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonard V Crowley
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Blood Sugar ◽  
Protein Precipitation ◽  
Automated Method ◽  
Manual Methods

Abstract An automated method is described for the determination of uric acid by a carbonate method. Since uric acid is separated from proteins by dialysis, the loss of uric acid due to protein precipitation in manual methods is avoided. There is no appreciable interference from salicylates, high levels of blood sugar, or ascorbic acid. The method shows an acceptable correlation with the uricase method.

Automated Quantitative Immunochemical Analysis of Human Immunoglobulins

1972 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 1364-1367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harold Markowitz ◽  
A R Tschida
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Serum Proteins ◽  
Immunochemical Analysis ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid Proteins ◽  
Automated Method ◽  
Specific Serum ◽  
Human Immunoglobulins ◽  
Precise Estimation ◽  
Manual Methods

Abstract A commercial automated continuous-flow procedure for estimating specific serum proteins has been evaluated for use in determination of IgG, IgA, IgM (both 19S and 7S), α1-antitrypsin, and cerebrospinal fluid proteins. Results of the automated procedure correlate well with manual methods, but are much more precise. Estimation of 7S IgM by the automated method is more accurate than estimation by radial immunodiffusion, because concentrations of 7S IgM are not spuriously elevated.

scholarly journals Comparison of an Automated Fluorimetric Method with Two Manual Methods for the Determination of Pregnancy Oestrogens

1972 ◽  
Vol 9 (1-6) ◽  
pp. 141-142
Author(s):  
G. G. Muir ◽  
P. Scott ◽  
M. Ryan ◽  
V. Bone
Keyword(s):  
Intermittent Demand ◽  
Fluorimetric Method ◽  
Automated Method ◽  
Manual Methods

Three methods of determining urinary oestrogens are compared. Manual methods are better for intermittent demand but an automated method is desirable when more than 50 analyses per week are required.

An Automated Micromethod for Determination of Serum Glucose, with an Improved o-Toluidine Reagent

1970 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 285-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wells R Moorehead ◽  
Edward A Sasse
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Polyvinyl Chloride ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Automated Method ◽  
Beer's Law ◽  
Beer’S Law ◽  
Manual Methods ◽  
Reducing Properties

Abstract An automated method has been developed in which a new o-toluidine reagent is used for the microanalysis of glucose. The reagent is 1.3 times as sensitive as the o-toluidine reagent commonly used in manual procedures. The reagent does not significantly alter the life expectancy of manifold tubing made of polyvinyl chloride. The automation includes a dialysis step and possesses the desirable features of the manual methods, including the greater specificity as compared with methods based on reducing properties. Results of this automated method obey Beer’s law, are very reproducible (the coefficient of variation is approximately 1.5%), and are not significantly different from those obtained manually. The method requires 75 µl of sample.

Automated Fluorometric Determination of Thiamine and Riboflavin in Infant Formulas

1979 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 642-647
Author(s):  
Walter E Dunbar ◽  
Kenneth E Stevenson
Keyword(s):  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Infant Formulas ◽  
Fluorometric Method ◽  
Fluorometric Determination ◽  
Automated Method ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
Manual Methods ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Better Than

Abstract Commercial infant formulas were analyzed simultaneously for thiamine and riboflavin by an automated fluorometric method and by the AOAC manual fluorometric methods. For 10 products, the mean thiamine and riboflavin results determined using the automated method ranged from 104 to 113% and 90 to 112%, respectively, of those by the AOAC manual methods. The coefficients of variation for thiamine and riboflavin ranged from 1.05 to 3.90% and 0.60 to 2.48%, respectively, for the automated method, and 1.48 to 3.86% and 0.69 to 10.9%, respectively, for the manual methods. Using the automated method, mean recoveries of thiamine and riboflavin added to samples were 103 and 104%, respectively. The automated method used a common sample preparation to determine both thiamine and riboflavin, and gave results equivalent to, or better than, those obtained by the manual methods.

An Automated Fluorometric Method for Determination of Lactic Dehydrogenase in Serum

1965 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 748-762 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lewis Brooks ◽  
Harry G Olken
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Incubation Time ◽  
Lactic Dehydrogenase ◽  
Fluorometric Method ◽  
Automated Method ◽  
Ldh Activity ◽  
Manual Methods

Abstract A simple automated method for the determination of lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) activity in serum by the forward lactate → pyruvate reaction is presented. Enzyme activity is determined by measuring the fluorescence of DPNH formed after a fixed incubation time. Detailed studies of various parameters of the reaction, reproducibility, and recovery data, and a comparison with two manual methods for LDH are presented.

An Automated Procedure for the Simultaneous Determination of Calcium and Phosphorus

1964 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 686-703 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald Kessler ◽  
Morris Wolfman
Keyword(s):  
Simultaneous Determination ◽  
Inorganic Phosphorus ◽  
Sample Treatment ◽  
Automated Method ◽  
Test Conditions ◽  
Individual Determination ◽  
Manual Methods ◽  
Calcium And Phosphorus ◽  
Serum And Urine

Abstract A completely automated method for the simultaneous or individual determination of calcium and phosphorus in serum and urine without preliminary sample treatment is reported. Separation of calcium and phosphorus from interfering materials is achieved by dialysis under acid conditions. The dialyzed calcium is determined colorimetrically using a metal complexing dye (cresolphthalein complexone) in an alkaline medium. Magnesium, phosphate, citrate, sulfate, etc., did not introduce significant errors under the test conditions. Inorganic phosphorus is determined by a modified Fiske-SubbaRow procedure. Reproducibility and recovery data as well as comparisons with manual methods are presented.

Development of an HPLC-UV Method for Quantification of Stattic

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 568-573
Author(s):  
Soheil Sedaghat ◽  
Ommoleila Molavi ◽  
Akram Faridi ◽  
Ali Shayanfar ◽  
Mohammad Reza Rashidi
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Accurate Method ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
Promising Target ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Dimerization Inhibitor ◽  
Oncogenic Protein ◽  
First Time ◽  
Transcription 3

Background: Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), an oncogenic protein found constitutively active in many types of human malignancies, is considered to be a promising target for cancer therapy. Objective: In this study for the first time, a simple and accurate method has been developed for the determination of a STAT3 dimerization inhibitor called stattic in aqueous and plasma samples. Methods: A reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) composed of C18 column as stationary phase, and the mixture of acetonitrile (60%) and water (40%) as mobile phase with a UV detection at 215 nm were applied for quantification of stattic. The developed method was validated by Food and Drug Administration (FDA) guideline. Results: The method provided a linear range between 1-40 and 2.5-40 µg mL-1 for aqueous and plasma samples, respectively, with a correlation coefficient of 0.999. The accuracy (as recovery) of the developed method was found to be between 95-105% for aqueous medium and 85-115% for plasma samples. The precision (as relative standard deviation) for aqueous and plasma samples was less than 6% and 15%, respectively. The sensitivity of the developed method based on FDA guideline was 1 µg mL-1 for aqueous and 2.5 µg mL-1 for plasma samples. Conclusion: These results show that the established method is a fast and accurate quantification for stattic in aqueous and plasma samples.

Is it necessary to calculate Young’s modulus in AFM nanoindentation experiments regarding biological samples?

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.V. Kontomaris ◽  
A. Malamou ◽  
A. Stylianou
Keyword(s):  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Biological Samples ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Reference Sample ◽  
Nonlinear Behavior ◽  
Accurate Method ◽  
Accurate Solution ◽  
Hertz Model ◽  
Work Done

Background: The determination of the mechanical properties of biological samples using Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) at the nanoscale is usually performed using basic models arising from the contact mechanics theory. In particular, the Hertz model is the most frequently used theoretical tool for data processing. However, the Hertz model requires several assumptions such as homogeneous and isotropic samples and indenters with perfectly spherical or conical shapes. As it is widely known, none of these requirements are 100 % fulfilled for the case of indentation experiments at the nanoscale. As a result, significant errors arise in the Young’s modulus calculation. At the same time, an analytical model that could account complexities of soft biomaterials, such as nonlinear behavior, anisotropy, and heterogeneity, may be far-reaching. In addition, this hypothetical model would be ‘too difficult’ to be applied in real clinical activities since it would require very heavy workload and highly specialized personnel. Objective: In this paper a simple solution is provided to the aforementioned dead-end. A new approach is introduced in order to provide a simple and accurate method for the mechanical characterization at the nanoscale. Method: The ratio of the work done by the indenter on the sample of interest to the work done by the indenter on a reference sample is introduced as a new physical quantity that does not require homogeneous, isotropic samples or perfect indenters. Results: The proposed approach, not only provides an accurate solution from a physical perspective but also a simpler solution which does not require activities such as the determination of the cantilever’s spring constant and the dimensions of the AFM tip. Conclusion: The proposed, by this opinion paper, solution aims to provide a significant opportunity to overcome the existing limitations provided by Hertzian mechanics and apply AFM techniques in real clinical activities.

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