Neonatal thyroxine screening by use of a single-tube solid-phase radioimmunoassay.

1978 ◽  
Vol 24 (10) ◽  
pp. 1755-1758 ◽  
Author(s):  
A B Bell ◽  
L H Coleman
Keyword(s):  
Mass Screening ◽  
Filter Paper ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Binding Proteins ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Single Tube ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Quantitative Results ◽  
Solid Phase Radioimmunoassay

Abstract Filter paper discs saturated with dried blood can be used in the Immunotube solid-phase thyroxine radioimmunoassay. This assay utilizes polypropylene tubes to which antibody to thyroxine is covalently bound. The filter paper standards and samples are placed in the tubes, followed by an assay buffer that contains I125-labeled thyroxine and compounds to displace thyroxine from its binding proteins. After incubation, bound and free thyroxine are separated by aspirating or decanting the disc and buffer from the tube. The test can be used with 0.32 cm (1/8 inch) or 0.64 cm(1/4 inch) discs, and gives quantitative results that correlate well with those for serum samples. The intra-assay coefficient of variation is less than 10%. The assay may readily be mechanized with existing disc-punching equipment, and results of its use in mass screening programs are described.

Letter to the Editor

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 264-264
Author(s):  
Marvin L. Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Mass Screening ◽  
Filter Paper ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Case Load ◽  
Current Economic Climate ◽  
Pituitary Disease ◽  
Economic Climate ◽  
Large Coefficient

The authors are indeed fortunate that they have (1) a small case load, (2) serum specimens and not dried blood on filter paper, and (3) the opportunity to measure both thyroxine (T4) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) in all samples. Unfortunately, in the current economic climate most mass screening programs must limit their laboratory approach to T4 supplemented by TSH measurements or forego the T4 procedure and rely on TSH as the sole marker. In the latter instance, infants with hypothyroidism secondary to hypothalamic or pituitary disease will be missed and even those with mild primary thyroid insufficiency could be overlooked because of the large coefficient of variation in the assay at TSH concentrations between 20-25 µU/ml in dried blood on filter paper.

Extraction of human plasma or sera by heat treatment for a solid-phase radioimmunoassay of carcinoembryonic antigen.

1979 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 773-776 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y D Kim ◽  
J T Tomita ◽  
J R Schenck ◽  
C Moeller ◽  
G F Weber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Carcinoembryonic Antigen ◽  
Perchloric Acid ◽  
Plasma Proteins ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Acid Extraction ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Solid Phase Radioimmunoassay ◽  
Method Of Extraction

Abstract Heat treatment and a solid-phase radioimmunoassay are combined to give a relatively simple and rapid procedure for assay of carcinoembryonic antigen in plasma or serum. The new way we describe to extract this antigen is an alternative to the conventional method of extraction with perchloric acid. Heating plasma or serum samples in acetate buffer (0.16 mol/L, pH 5.0) at 70 degrees C for 15 min precipitates out most of the heat-labile, nonspecific plasma proteins, but leaves most of the antigen in solution, with its immunochemical properties apparently unaffected. Comparison between the heat treatment and the perchloric acid extraction yielded comparable values when tested either by solid-phase radioimmunoassay or by the zirconyl phosphate precipitation method. An added advantage of our method is that it gives the same assay values for both plasma and serum. Results for a group of pathological plasma samples, assayed by both our method and the perchloric acid-zirconyl phosphate precipitation method, gave a correlation coefficient of 0.90.

Effect of albumin concentration on the assay of serum free thyroxin by equilibrium radioimmunoassay with labeled thyroxin analog (Amerlex Free T4).

1983 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 321-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Amino ◽  
K Nishi ◽  
K Nakatani ◽  
H Mizuta ◽  
K Ichihara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Binding Proteins ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Albumin Concentration ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Free T4 ◽  
Serum Free

Abstract Serum free thyroxin (FT4) in normal nonpregnant and pregnant subjects was measured by radioimmunoassay (RIA) with Amerlex FT4 RIA (Amersham International) and LiquiSol FT4 RIA (Damon Diagnostics) kits. Amerlex FT4 values in serum from pregnant women were lower than those in serum from nonpregnant women, but LiquiSol FT4 values were similar in serum from both groups. Amerlex FT4 values were directly correlated with the concentrations of albumin in serum and inversely correlated with those of thyroxin-binding globulin, but not with prealbumin concentrations. No significant correlations were observed between LiquiSol FT4 values and serum concentrations of thyroxin-binding proteins. Amerlex FT4 values were normal in patients with excess, deficient, or decreased thyroxin-binding globulin. Albumin added to serum samples increased Amerlex FT4 values but not LiquiSol FT4 values. Albumin inhibited the binding of labeled thyroxin analog to the solid-phase thyroxin antibody. These data indicate that the albumin concentration influences FT4 values as measured by an RIA involving a thyroxin analog and that Amerlex FT4 values should be carefully interpreted when the patient has an abnormal concentration of serum albumin.

A new direct solid-phase radioimmunoassay for carcinoembryonic antigen without pretreatment of serum samples

1983 ◽  
Vol 58 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 31-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuji Matsuoka ◽  
Masahide Kuroki ◽  
Yoshiko Koga ◽  
Hiroshi Ogawa ◽  
Nobuhiko Nakazawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carcinoembryonic Antigen ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Solid Phase Radioimmunoassay ◽  
Direct Solid

Evaluation of Visceral Larva Migrans by Radioimmunoassay Systems

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 417-420
Author(s):  
Roy Patterson ◽  
Mary Roberts ◽  
Robert J. Hart ◽  
Carolyn C. Huntley
Keyword(s):  
Acute Phase ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Larva Migrans ◽  
Parasitic Diseases ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Visceral Larva Migrans ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Solid Phase Radioimmunoassay ◽  
Antibody Levels ◽  
Hyperimmunoglobulinemia E

A 9-year-old child with miliary pulmonary infiltrates, eosinophilia, and hyperimmunoglobulinemia E recovered rapidly over a four-week period. Subsequent analysis of serum samples by a solid phase radioimmunoassay technique demonstrated IgM, IgE, and IgG antibodies to Ascaris suum antigen which declined following the acute phase of the illness in parallel with a decline in serum IgM, IgE, and IgG concentrations. Precipitating antibodies in serum against Ascaris antigen were demonstrated. The diagnosis is considered to be toxocariasis or ascariasis. The application of sensitive radioimmunoassay techniques of this type should provide a method of earlier diagnosis and the demonstration of rapidly changing antibody levels a method of confirming the diagnosis in parasitic diseases.

SYSTEMIC AND OTHER SYSTEM DISORDERS

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 85 (5) ◽  
pp. 946-959
Keyword(s):  
Solid Phase ◽  
Specific Ige ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Ige Antibodies ◽  
Metered Dose ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Solid Phase Radioimmunoassay ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Food Specific Ige

Purpose of Study The purpose of this paper was to report clinical and laboratory findings from seven cases of fatal anaphylaxis due to foods. Study Population The report was based on the findings from seven patients ranging from 11 to 43 years of age: two female and five male patients. The cases were evaluated over a 16-month period. Methods Serum samples were obtained from six of the seven cases during resuscitation attempts or at autopsy. Food-specific IgE antibodies were measured by solid-phase radioimmunoassay. Findings Elevated levels of IgE antibodies to the incriminated foods were present in the six cases where the serum was available for study. Three were due to peanut and one each were due to pecan, crab, and cod. The seventh case (without serum) was due to peanut. The patients had some features in common: Most were highly atopic; most reactions occurred away from home; all had previously had generalized immediate reactions to the food; and none were on β-adrenergic blocking agents. Several recommendations are made by the authors. Patients and physicians must be made aware of the potential consequences of severe systemic reactions to foods. Patients and physicians must know that the immediate treatment is injectable, aqueous adrenalin not oral antihistamines, nor epinephrine by metered-dose aerosol or in suspension. The patients should have the adrenalin available to them at all times and know how to administer it. Patients receiving concomitant steroid therapy should be assumed to have adrenal suppression and treated appropriately during resuscitation. Ingredients of prepared foods must be made available and patients (and/or their families) must use this information to try to avoid catastrophic results.

Comparative Study of a Micro-Scale Test for Lead in Blood, for Use in Mass Screening Programs

1974 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 582-585 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard E Cooke ◽  
Kathryn L Glynn ◽  
William W Ullmann ◽  
Nicole Lurie ◽  
Martha Lepow
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Mass Screening ◽  
Filter Paper ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Body Burden ◽  
Blood Lead ◽  
Laboratory Evaluation ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Paper Disk

Abstract A procedure suitable for the mass screening of children for an undue body burden of lead was tested on 170 clinic patients. Capillary finger-prick blood, collected on filter paper, was analyzed for lead with an atomic absorption spectrophotometer with the Delves cup attachment. This method of analysis had first been judged to be accurate after a laboratory evaluation in which results were compared with those obtained by a dithizone procedure. In the present study, both capillary and venous bloods were obtained from the patients. Venous bloods were also analyzed by the filter paper disk method and by an atomic absorption spectrophotometric procedure requiring a 5-ml sample. Results show that the screening method described here will reliably identify those children with a significantly supranormal blood lead. Both sample collection and laboratory analysis are easier.

Prevalence of Serological Hepatitis B Markers in a Working Population in Hefei, China

1987 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 28-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Seiji ◽  
O Inoue ◽  
M Kasahara ◽  
H Nakatsuka ◽  
T Watanabe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Factory Workers ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Chinese Populations ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Hbv Prevalence ◽  
Solid Phase Radioimmunoassay

Hepatitis B surface antigen and antibody (HBsAg and anti-HBs, respectively) prevalence was examined by means of solid-phase radioimmunoassay in 503 serum samples obtained from factory workers (230 men and 273 women) in Hefei, the capital city of Anhui Province, China, in 1985. The prevalence of HBsAg-positlve cases was 8% and that of anti-HBs-positive cases was 46%; the overall prevalence rate was 53% when the positivity in either of the two was considered to be indicative of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. There was no significant sex difference in the rate, whereas anti-HBs rate was slightly elevated in accordance with increased age. The review and evaluation of existing data in 14 articles led to a conclusion that the current HBV prevalence among Chinese populations will be in the range of 50% to 60%.

Solid-Phase Radioimmunoassay of Thyroxine in Untreated Serum

1975 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 1406-1413 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Seth ◽  
Frederick J Rutherford ◽  
Ian McKenzie
Keyword(s):  
Serum Proteins ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Total Thyroxine ◽  
Solid Phase Radioimmunoassay ◽  
Technical Simplicity ◽  
Routine Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Antigen Antibody

Abstract We describe a simple, convenient solid-phase radioimmunoassay of total thyroxine in unextracted serum. Serum samples are added directly to the assay incubation mixture, interference in the antigen/antibody reaction by the thyroxine-binding serum proteins being almost completely eliminated by the addition of 8-anilino-1-naphthalene sulfonic acid and incubation at pH 10.5. Residual interference is compensated for by including thyroxine-free serum in the standards. Use of thyroxine antibodies that are coupled to a solid support permits separation of free and antibody-bound hormone by a single washing step, followed by centrifugation. The method is specific, accurate, and reasonably precise. The results obtained compare well with those for radioimmunoassay of thyroxine in serum freed of protein by gel filtration, and with results of a competitive protein-binding method. The technical simplicity of the procedure should readily permit automation. These features suggest that the technique should be well suited for routine clinical laboratory use.

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