Plasma lipoprotein peroxidation potential: a test to evaluate individual susceptibility to peroxidation

1991 ◽  
Vol 37 (10) ◽  
pp. 1756-1758 ◽  
Author(s):  
M A Arshad ◽  
S Bhadra ◽  
R M Cohen ◽  
M T Subbiah
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Status ◽  
Lipid Peroxide ◽  
Lipid Peroxides ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Peroxidation Of Lipids ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Antioxidant Protection ◽  
Degenerative Diseases ◽  
Individual Susceptibility ◽  
Cupric Acetate

Abstract Peroxidation of lipids is believed to play a key role in various degenerative diseases. However, few simple tests are able to detect individual susceptibility or resistance to peroxidation. Measurement of the basal concentrations of lipid peroxides in plasma is not satisfactory because they are so low. Therefore, we developed a test to determine susceptibility of whole plasma to metal/H2O2-catalyzed peroxidation. Incubation of 300-500 microL of plasma with H2O2/cupric acetate resulted in the formation of products from fatty acids (malonaldehyde, measured by thiobarbituric acid assay) and cholesterol (predominantly cholest-3,5-dien-7-one, measured by gas-liquid chromatography). In the presence of Cu2+, formation of malonaldehyde and cholest-3,5-dien-7-one increased at least 10-fold over basal values. Lipid peroxide (malonaldehyde) and cholesterol oxide concentrations after peroxidation were significantly higher (P less than 0.01) in diabetic plasma than in normal plasma. Because susceptibility to plasma peroxidation represents a balance between pro-oxidant factors and antioxidant protection, this test may be useful in determining individual susceptibility to peroxidation as influenced by nutritional and clinical status.

scholarly journals Lens Lipid Peroxides and Glutathione Concentrations in Diabetic Cataract

1997 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 190-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Özmen ◽  
I Mutaf ◽  
B Özmen ◽  
J Mentes ◽  
O Bayindir
Keyword(s):  
G Protein ◽  
Lipid Peroxide ◽  
Lipid Peroxides ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances ◽  
Diabetic Cataract ◽  
Free Radical Damage ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Radical Damage

This study aims to explore the role of reactive oxygen radicals in the genesis of diabetic cataract. Lipid peroxide (LPO) concentrations in senile ( n = 30) and diabetic ( n = 14) cataractous lenses, were determined as thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) by a method modified from Satoh and Yagi, and reduced glutathione (GSH) concentrations were measured according to Beutler. Lens LPO levels (mean, SD; nmol TBARS/g protein) were significantly higher in diabetics (107·54, 18·12) than senile cataractous subjects (53·54, 15·48) ( P < 0·0001). Lens GSH levels (mean, SD; nmol/g protein) showed no significant difference between diabetics (4·29, 2·05) and senile cataractous subjects (4·68, 3·12). These results suggest that free radical damage is more effective in the genesis of diabetic cataract than in senile cataract.

Changes in lipid peroxidation and free radical scavengers in the brain of hyper- and hypothyroid aged rats

1995 ◽  
Vol 147 (2) ◽  
pp. 361-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Mano ◽  
R Sinohara ◽  
Y Sawai ◽  
N Oda ◽  
Y Nishida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Lipid Peroxide ◽  
Lipid Peroxides ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Free Radical Scavengers ◽  
Aged Rats ◽  
Radical Scavengers ◽  
Old Rats ◽  
The Brain

Abstract To determine how lipid peroxides and free radical scavengers are changed in the brain of hyper- or hypothyroid rats, we examined the behavior of lipid peroxide and free radical scavengers in the cerebral cortex of aged (1·5 years old) rats that had been made hyper- or hypothyroid by the administration of thyroxine or methimazol for 4 weeks. Concentrations of catalase, Mn-superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) were increased in hyperthyroid rats compared with euthyroid rats. Concentrations of total SOD, Cu,Zn-SOD and GSH-PX were increased but that of Mn-SOD was decreased in hypothyroid animals. There were no differences among hyperthyroid, hypothyroid and euthyroid rats in the levels of coenzymes 9 or 10. The concentration of lipid peroxides, determined indirectly by the measurement of thiobarbituric acid reactants, was decreased in hyperthyroid rats but not in hypothyroid rats when compared with euthyroid animals. These findings suggest that free radicals and lipid peroxides are scavenged to compensate for the changes induced by hyper- or hypothyroidism. Journal of Endocrinology (1995) 147, 361–365

THE PROTECTIVE ACTION OF TOCOPHEROL AGAINST HEMOLYSIS OF RAT ERYTHROCYTES BY DIALURIC ACID

1960 ◽  
Vol 38 (9) ◽  
pp. 957-964 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. C. Tsen ◽  
H. B. Collier
Keyword(s):  
Protective Action ◽  
Lipid Peroxide ◽  
Lipid Peroxides ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Peroxide Formation ◽  
Rat Erythrocytes ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Test ◽  
Unsaturated Lipids ◽  
Acid Test ◽  
Test Treatment

Erythrocytes from rats on tocopherol-deficient and tocopherol-supplemented diets gave similar low values for lipid peroxides by the thiobarbituric acid test. Treatment of the cells from tocopherol-deficient rats with dialuric acid caused a marked increase in lipid peroxides and this closely paralleled the degree of hemolysis. Shaking of the red cells from tocopherol-deficient animals in an atmosphere of oxygen also resulted in a slow lipid peroxidation which again paralleled the degree of hemolysis. Addition of α-tocopherol to a suspension of erythrocytes from tocopherol-deficient rats decreased or completely prevented (depending upon concentration) hemolysis by dialuric acid and also decreased lipid peroxide formation.It is concluded that dialuric acid probably acts by catalyzing the formation of lipid peroxides in the unsaturated lipids of the membrane of erythrocytes from tocopherol-deficient animals. Tocopherol presumably inhibits peroxide formation, and therefore hemolysis, by virtue of its antioxidant action.

THE PROTECTIVE ACTION OF TOCOPHEROL AGAINST HEMOLYSIS OF RAT ERYTHROCYTES BY DIALURIC ACID

1960 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 957-964 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. C. Tsen ◽  
H. B. Collier
Keyword(s):  
Protective Action ◽  
Lipid Peroxide ◽  
Lipid Peroxides ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Peroxide Formation ◽  
Rat Erythrocytes ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Test ◽  
Unsaturated Lipids ◽  
Acid Test ◽  
Test Treatment

Erythrocytes from rats on tocopherol-deficient and tocopherol-supplemented diets gave similar low values for lipid peroxides by the thiobarbituric acid test. Treatment of the cells from tocopherol-deficient rats with dialuric acid caused a marked increase in lipid peroxides and this closely paralleled the degree of hemolysis. Shaking of the red cells from tocopherol-deficient animals in an atmosphere of oxygen also resulted in a slow lipid peroxidation which again paralleled the degree of hemolysis. Addition of α-tocopherol to a suspension of erythrocytes from tocopherol-deficient rats decreased or completely prevented (depending upon concentration) hemolysis by dialuric acid and also decreased lipid peroxide formation.It is concluded that dialuric acid probably acts by catalyzing the formation of lipid peroxides in the unsaturated lipids of the membrane of erythrocytes from tocopherol-deficient animals. Tocopherol presumably inhibits peroxide formation, and therefore hemolysis, by virtue of its antioxidant action.

scholarly journals Decreased enzymic protection and increased sensitivity to oxidative damage in erythrocytes as a function of cell and donor aging

1984 ◽  
Vol 218 (2) ◽  
pp. 531-537 ◽  
Author(s):  
G A Glass ◽  
D Gershon
Keyword(s):  
Gradient Centrifugation ◽  
Lipid Peroxide ◽  
Lipid Peroxides ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Membrane Lipid ◽  
Cell Aging ◽  
Young Rats ◽  
Old Rats ◽  
Specific Activities

Erythrocytes from young and old rats were separated into four age fractions by density-gradient centrifugation. The specific activities per cell were determined for glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.49), glutathione peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.9), glutathione reductase (EC 1.6.4.2) and catalase (EC 1.11.1.6). Decreased specific activities were observed with increasing cell age for all four enzymes in both young and old animals. In addition, significant differences in the activities of these enzymes were observed between cells of the same age fraction from young and old donors. Susceptibility of fractionated erythrocytes to oxidative attack in vitro generated by incubation with xanthine/xanthine oxidase increased with both cell and animal age. The amount of membrane-lipid peroxidation also increased with cell and animal aging, as measured by both thiobarbituric acid and fluorescent chromolipid assays. Increases of 2-3-fold in the contents of lipid peroxides were observed between the youngest and oldest age fractions of young rats. Lipid peroxide contents in young cells of old animals were equal to those in old erythrocytes from young rats and increased by 30% with cell aging in the old donors. These results suggest that the extent of enzymic protection against oxidative and peroxidative damage decreases with erythrocyte aging. More importantly, enzymic protection in cells of old rats is considerably decreased already in the early stages of their lifespan.

Effects of Vitamin E Administration on Platelet Function and Serum Lipid Peroxides in DOCA-Salt Hypertensive Rats

1991 ◽  
Vol 65 (04) ◽  
pp. 411-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keizo Umegaki ◽  
Hiromi Saegusa ◽  
Masato Kurokawa ◽  
Tomio Ichikawa
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Platelet Function ◽  
Serum Lipid ◽  
Lipid Peroxide ◽  
Lipid Peroxides ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Serotonin Content ◽  
Serum Lipid Peroxide ◽  
Salt Hypertension

SummaryEffects of vitamin E on platelet function and serum lipid peroxide levels were investigated in DOCA-salt hypertensive rats. In the hypertensive rats, ADP- and collagen-induced platelet aggregation in whole blood were markedly attenuated and accompanied by a reduction of serotonin content as compared with the normotensive controls. These facts indicated the appearance of exhausted platelets, which have already been activated in vivo, due to the hypertension. Platelet vitamin E levels were decreased by 50%, while serum lipid peroxide levels were increased 3.6-fold in the hypertensive rats. Vitamin E administration (10 times the dietary intake) during the experimental periods did not influence either the aggregability or the serotonin content of platelets from the hypertensive rats. However, vitamin E administration significantly prevented the elevation of serum tipid peroxides due to the hypertension. These results suggest that vitamin E administration has little effect on platelet activation in vivo due to DOCA-salt hypertension.

THE INTENSITY OF OXIDATIVE MODIFICATION OF PROTEINS AND PEROXIDATION OF LIPIDS IN THE BLOOD SERUM, BRAIN, LIVER AND PANCREAS TISSUES OF RATS WITH INSULIN RESISTANCE AND CONGENITAL IODINE DEFICIENCY

2019 ◽  
pp. 115-120
Author(s):  
V. B. Stetsevyat ◽  
N. M. Voronych-Semchenko
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Iodine Deficiency ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Oxidative Modification ◽  
Peroxidation Of Lipids ◽  
Diene Conjugates ◽  
Oxidative Modification Of Proteins ◽  
High Fructose ◽  
Liver And Pancreas ◽  
Dependent Processes

The results of the study about the nature of oxygen-dependent processes in rats that were on a high-fructose diet for 8 weeks under conditions of adequate iodine supply and congenital iodine deprivation is presented in the article. The significant activation of peroxide oxidation of proteins (by increasing the aldo- and keto-derivates of a neutral nature) and lipids (increased of diene conjugates content and products, that are responsible to thiobarbituric acid) of animals with insulin resistance was found. An aggravating factor in the course of these processes is a congenital iodine deficiency. The changes of oxidative modification of proteins in animals with congenital iodine deficiency had multidirectional character, and processes of lipid peroxidation mainly increased. The most pronounced changes of the studied processes were observed in the liver and pancreas of animals with insulin resistance against the background of congenital iodine deficiency.

scholarly journals Oxidative stress in patients on mechanical ventilation

2009 ◽  
Vol 62 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 578-581
Author(s):  
Vesna Marjanovic ◽  
Vidosava Djordjevic ◽  
Goran Marjanovic
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Head Injuries ◽  
Lipid Peroxide ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Lactic Dehydrogenase ◽  
Lung Damage ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances ◽  
Acid Base Balance ◽  
Arterial Blood

Introduction. The appearance and intensity of oxidative stress were analyzed in the course of mechanical ventilation and parameters that could point toward potential lung damage. Material and methods. In three time intervals on day 1, 3 and 7 of mechanical ventilation, parameters such as: triglycerides, cholesterol, lactate, serum lactic dehydrogenase, acid-base balance and lipid peroxidation products - thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, were followed in 30 patients with head injuries. Results. A decrease in the level of partial oxygen pressure (PaO2) (p<0.01) and PaO2/FiO2 index (p<0.05) in arterial blood was recorded on day 3 of mechanical ventilation. This was accompanied with an increase in alveolar-arterial difference (AaDO2) (p<0.05), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (p<0.001) and lactic dehydrogenase (p<0.001) comparing to day 1 of mechanical ventilation. The patients with initial PaO2>120 mmHg, had significant increase of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and AaDO2 (p<0.05) and fall of PaO2 (p<0.001) on day 3 of mechanical ventilation. Conclusion. Oxidative stress and lipid peroxide production are increased during third day of mechanical ventilation leading to disruption of oxygen diffusion through alveolar-capillary membrane and reduction of parameters of oxygenation.

scholarly journals Genderspecific features of antioxidant protection and efficacy of atorvastatin in patients with stable forms of coronary heart disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 95 (5) ◽  
pp. 398-403
Author(s):  
K. Yu. Bondar ◽  
O. L. Belaya ◽  
O. M. Lazutina ◽  
I. S. Mikhailova ◽  
T. V. Smorkalova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Plasma Lipids ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Antioxidant Protection ◽  
Diene Conjugates ◽  
Paramagnetic Resonance ◽  
Stable Forms ◽  
Gender Specific

The gender-specific features of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are actively being discussed which puts on the agenda the development of a differentiated approach to the treatment of cardiac diseases in men and women. Аim. To assess the gender-specific features of the antioxidant status and antioxidative activity of atorvastatin in patients with stable forms of coronary heart disease (CHD) and dyslipidemia (DLP). Material and methods. The study included 102 patients with stable forms of CHD divided into 2 groups according to sex and 40 healthy individuals. The generally accepted methods were used to determine plasma lipids, products of their peroxidation (diene conjugates, DC) and the products reacting with 2-thiobarbituric acid (TBA-RP), the antioxidant enzymes glutathione peroxidase (GP) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in erythrocytes; the activity of the ceruloplasmin/transferrin antioxidant system (AOA AOS CP/TF) in blood plasma was measured by electron paramagnetic resonance and the final metabolites of nitric oxide with the use of the Griss reagent. The endothelial function was studied by ultrasound with the assessment of endothelium-dependent vasodilatation as described by D. Celermajer et al. (1992). All parameters were evaluated before and 6 months after the onset of the treatment. Results. The men with CHD, unlike women, underwent a reduction of AOA AOS CP/TF by 10%, SOD by 12% and GP by 19% (p<0.05) as well as excessive accumulation of DC up to 9% and TBA-RP to 11% (p<0.05). The homocysteine level in men, was 1.5 times higher (p=0.01), and that of final nitric oxide metabolites 12% lower (p=0.03) than in women. Atorvastatin administered for 6 months as a component of combined cardiac therapy more significantly increased the activity of AOS CP/TF and endothelium-dependent vasodilatation in men than in women. Conclusion. CHD is associated with significant sex differences in processes of lipid peroxidation - antioxidant protection, metabolism of nitric oxide, found, dilatation and anti-oxidation effect of atorvastatin.

scholarly journals Antioxidant therapy of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease at the Far North

2008 ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
G. E. Mironova ◽  
E. P. Vasiliev ◽  
B. T. Velichkovsky
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Status ◽  
Lipid Peroxide ◽  
Stage Ii ◽  
Stage Iii ◽  
Stable Phase ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Total Blood ◽  
Far North ◽  
Copd Patients

The aim of this study was to investigate human antioxidant defense at various COPD stages and to substantiate administration of vitamins C and E as a part of complex treatment of COPD at the Far North. We followed-up 92 COPD patients aged 20 to 50 yrs (of them, 42 males). The control group consisted of 58 healthy persons of 20 to 45 yrs of age. A total blood antioxidant activity (TAA) was detected using G.I.Klebanov's method. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase levels in erythrocyte membrane were assessed with chemiluminescent methods. Lipid peroxide (LPO) activity was measured by malone dialdehyde (MDA) plasma concentration. We also investigated hepatic and renal functions, protein, lipoid, and carbohydrate metabolism. Patients with exacerbation of stage II COPD had increased LPO activity (2.97 ± 0.12 nmol/ml compared to 1.86 ± 0.09 nmol/ml in stable phase and 1.36 ± 0.06 nmol/ml in controls) with TAA increased by 40 %. The stage III COPD patients demonstrated more significant growth of LPO activity (2.04 ± 0.08 nmol/ml in stable phase and 3.44 ± 0.15 nmol/ml in exacerbation; p < 0.05) accompanied by less prominent increase in TAA. Early stages of COPD were characterized by increased levels of antioxidant enzymes (2.44 ± 0.06 μg/g of Hb for SOD and 8.30 ± 0.15 –g/g of Hb for catalase compared to 1.56 ± 0.02 and 7.36 ± 0.10 μg/g Hb in controls). At the later COPD stages, the SOD level was less high and catalase concentration even decreased. COPD patients had increased concentrations of oxyproline (1.76 ± 0.48 g/ml to 2.80 ± 0.50 μg/ml; р<0.05 for both when compared to the controls) and α1-antitripsin (for stage II COPD, 284 ± 47 μg/ml in stable phase and 240 ± 20 μg/ml in exacerbation, for stage III COPD, 245 ± 18 μg/ml and 223 ± 15 μg/ml, respectively). Administration of vitamins C and E 25 mg/kg and 5 mg/kg of body weight, respectively, as a part of a complex therapy of the disease exacerbation resulted in shortening of exacerbation, improvement in clinical status and lung function, TAA activation, and lowering of LPO activity. Therefore, COPD is accompanied by significant activation of oxidantive processes, which depend on the stage and phase of the disease. The results allow including antioxidant vitamins in programs of treatment of COPD to be recommended.

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