Analisis Organoleptik (Aroma dan Warna) dan Nilai TBA dalam Pendugaan Umur Simpan Bumbu Mi Aceh dengan Metode Accelarated Shelf-Life Testing (ASLT) Menggunakan Persamaan Arrhenius

Aceh noodle seasoning was made from red chili, red onion, garlic, cardamom, turmeric, ginger, cumin, candlenut, coriander and pepper. All ingredients were mashed and then sauteed in a frying pan with the addition of cooking oil. In the food industry it is necessary to determine the shelf life so the consumers know the quality of the product. Shelf life is the periode of a product from the production process until the product has decreased in quality or is not suitable to consumption. This research was conducted using a semi-empirical accelerated shelf-life testing method with the Arrhenius equation. The estimation of shelf life was determined through the quality change of Aceh noodle seasoning which packed with aluminum foil packaging and stored based on temperature factor (room temperature, 40o C, and 50o C). Each sample was analyzed of thiobarbituric acid test, flavour and descriptif test in duplicate. The results show that Aceh noodle seasoning shelf life based on the critical parameters stored at room temperature (27-30oC) was 71 days, at 40oC was 49 days, and at 50oC was 35 days.

Effect of Ozone Application on the Fungal Count and Lipid Quality of Peanut Grains

Peanut is susceptible to fungal contamination at all stages of its production chain, which can lead to aflatoxin production, which can cause serious health problems for consumers. In this sense, post-harvest ozonation of grains has the potential to reduce contaminant microorganisms, but it may cause oxidative damage, degrading organic constituents. Thus, factors influencing the reduction of fungal contamination by gaseous ozone in peanuts (grains and grains in pods) and changes in lipid and oil quality of grain were investigated. The analyzed variables were total fungi count, electrical conductivity, peroxide index, and 2-thiobarbituric acid test. Ozone concentration (10, 30, and 50 ppm) and ozonation time (30, 45, and 60 minutes) significantly affected fungal count (p < 0.05). The maximum fungal reductions were 75.79% for grains and 82.66% for grains in pods at a concentration of 50 ppm and exposure of 60 minutes. The electrical conductivity of exudates was affected by ozone concentration. There was degradation of lipids at a cellular level, but no differences were observed in the peroxide index of treated grains.

Effects of addition of Kappaphycus alvarezii on physicochemical properties and lipid oxidation of mechanically deboned chicken meat (MDCM) sausages

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to determine both the physicochemical properties and lipid oxidation of sausages made from mechanically deboned chicken meat (MDCM) and the edible seaweed, Kappaphycus alvarezii (KA). Design/methodology/approach Four different sausage formulations were produced with different formulations containing 0(KA0), 2 (KA2), 4 (KA4) and 6 per cent (KA6) of KA. Findings Results have shown that the addition of KA increased the hardness and chewiness parameters, water holding capacity, redness (a*-value) and the pH value of the MDCM sausages (p<0.05). The adhesiveness, cohesiveness and springiness of all formulations showed no significant differences (p>0.05). The addition of KA reduced the cooking loss of MDCM sausages (p<0.05). However, the addition of KA made the sausages darker (lower L*-value) (p<0.05). Furthermore, the addition of KA aided in the reduction of lipid oxidation in the MDCM sausages when they were refrigerated at a temperature of 4°C for 12 days. The MDCM sausages that contained KA had lower two-thiobarbituric acid test values compared to the control sample (p<0.05) during the 12 days of storage at 4°C. Originality/value The addition of KA seaweed can potentially produce better quality MDCM sausages in terms of physicochemical properties and reduce the rate of lipid oxidation.

Antiaging and Anxiolytic Effects of Combinatory Formulas Based on Four Medicinal Herbs

The objective of the present study was to search for medicinal-herb combinations based on RadixBupleurum chinenseDC (“B”), RhizomaCorydalis yanhusuoWT Wang (“Y”), CaulisPolygonum multiflorumThunb (“P”), and FlosAlbizia julibrissinDurazz (“A”) for antiaging, anxiolytic, and sedative effects. Application of theD-galactose induced accelerated-aging model employing male ICR mice showed that oral administration of some combinations of B, Y, P, and A significantly improved spatial memory in Y-maze test and reduced brain levels of tumor necrosis factor-αand interleukin-6 based on immunoassays and oxidative stress marker malondialdehyde, based on the thiobarbituric acid test, and the loss of whiskers, indicating antiaging and antineurodegeneration effects. In addition, some of the combinatory formulas induced anxiolysis measured using the elevated plus-maze test and/or sedative effects measured using the hole-board test. Over the range of dosages examined, all possible combinations of the four herbs were devoid of any significant side effects in the form of altered locomotor activity, decreased muscle coordination, or anterograde amnesia assessed using the photobeam and rotarod and step-through passive avoidance methods, respectively. The results suggest that various combinations of the B, Y, P, and A herbs could be useful as nonsedative, antiaging and/or antineurodegenerative agents, or anxiolytic agents.

Naringenin ameliorates pathological changes in liver and kidney of diabetic mice: a preliminary study / Naringenin reducira histopatološke promjene u jetri i bubregu miševa s dijabetesom

The effect of naringenin, a flavonoid found in grapefruit, orange, and tomato, on lipid peroxidation and histopathological changes in the liver and kidneys of alloxan-induced diabetic mice were investigated. Two days after alloxan injection (75 mg kg−1, i.v.), naringenin ethanolic solution (0.5 % v/v) was given to mice intraperitoneally (50 mg kg−1 per day) for seven days. Naringenin’s impact on lipid peroxidation was measured by the 2-thiobarbituric acid test and histopathological changes were examined under a light microscope. Naringenin administration resulted in a significant decrease of lipid peroxidation level in liver and kidney tissue, as well as in a decreased number of vacuolated liver cells and degree of vacuolisation. Indications of tissue repair in kidney suggested that amelioration of diabetes-induced renal damage could be achieved over a longer period of time. Findings suggest that naringenin could be considered a dietary supplement in the prevention or treatment of diabetic complications and other diseases connected with oxidative stress, and gives a hope that it could show similar effects in the treatment of diabetes in humans.

Aktivitas Antioksidasi Minyak Buah Merah Dari Kultivar Pandanus conoideus L yang Berbeda

<em>The research was aimed to test the antioxidative activity of the buah merah oil from two cultivars Pandanus conoideus </em>L<em>; MTW-W and MMS-M. In vitro analysis the antioxidative activity of the buah merah oil was determinated using Thiobarbituric Acid test (TBA test). The research revealed that the buah merah oil from MTW-W cultivar produces highest antioxidative activity than MMS-M cultivar. The antioxidative activities of these two tested cultivars are 24 &ndash; 70% and 30 &ndash; 53%, respectively.</em>

Determination of antioxidant activity of various extracts of Parmelia saxatilis

The work was conducted with the purpose to evaluate antioxidant activity of Parmelia saxatilis (PS) by different analytical methods. Water and methanol were used as solvents and antioxidative effects were measured by a ferric thiocyanate method (FTC) and thiobarbituric acid test (TBA). The antioxidant activity increased with the increasing amount of extracts (from 50 to 250 µg) added to linoleic acid emulsion. The methanol extract of PS exhibited high antioxidative activity that was not significantly (P < 0.05) different from α-tocopherol, while aqueous extracts of PS showed low antioxidative activity. Similar trends of antioxidant activity were observed using either the FTC or TBA methods. Antioxidant activity, reducing power, free radical scavenging (DPPH·), superoxide anion radical scavenging, metal chelating and hydrogen peroxide scavenging activities of PS extracts showed dose dependence and increased with concentration of PS extract. The results obtained in the present study indicate that the PS might be a potential source of natural antioxidant.

A simple, highly sensitive and improved method for the measurement of bleomycin-detectable iron: the ‘catalytic iron index’ and its value in the assessment of iron status in haemochromatosis

In the presence of ferrous ions (Fe2+), the anti-tumour agent bleomycin will induce DNA degradation. Degradation of DNA into substances detectable by the thiobarbituric acid test has been used previously for the detection of iron in a form that is capable of catalysing the formation of the potentially harmful hydroxyl free radical. In the present paper, we describe the application of the ethidium-binding assay of DNA damage to the measurement of bleomycin-detectable iron, comparing its performance with the conventional method in the assessment of iron standard solutions and plasma samples from haemochromatosis patients. The ethidium-binding assay proved to be more responsive than the thiobarbituric acid test in the detection of DNA damage induced by very low concentrations of iron, but became saturated at higher iron concentrations. Agreement between the two versions of the assay in the identification of plasma samples containing bleomycin-detectable iron was good, but agreement on the actual concentrations of such iron in the positive samples was poor. This discrepancy is believed to be due to interference with the thiobarbituric acid assay by plasma. Consequently, it was not possible to obtain reliable estimates of free iron concentrations in plasma when using the conventional version of the bleomycin assay. We have devised a parameter of iron status called the catalytic iron index. For healthy, non-haemochromatotic individuals, the mean value of this parameter was found to be 0.81 (range 0.78–0.84; n = 20). Elevated values were observed in some plasma samples from haemochromatosis patients, but these showed no correlation with serum ferritin levels. In contrast, correlations were seen with both serum iron and transferrin saturation levels, but only when these were above the normal range.