PS01.113: RISK FACTORS FOR ESOPHAGEAL STRICTURE IN GRADE 2B AND 3A CORROSIVE ESOPHAGEAL INJURIES

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 82-82
Author(s):  
Prasit Mahawongkajit
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Esophageal Stricture ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Endoscopic Examination ◽  
Esophageal Injury ◽  
Important Public Health Problem ◽  
Alkaline Reaction ◽  
Corrosive Esophageal Stricture ◽  
Corrosive Stricture

Abstract Background Ingestion of corrosive agents remains an important public health problem. Early endoscopic examination of post-corrosive esophageal injuries has an important role in management of the patient. Publications document the risk of developing esophageal stricture as a sequential complication of esophageal injury grades 2b and 3a. Although there are studies describing the risk factors of post-corrosive stricture, there is limited literature on these factors. The aim of this study was to evaluate the different factors with post-corrosive esophageal stricture and non-stricture groups in endoscopic grades 2b and 3a of corrosive esophageal injuries. Methods Data were retrospectively analyzed in the patients with esophageal injury grades 2b and 3a between January 2011 and December 2017. Results 196 corrosive ingestion patients were admitted with 32 patients (15.8%) in grade 2b and 12 patients (6.1%) in grade 3a and stricture was developed in 19 patients (61.3%) with grade 2b and in 10 patients (83.3%) with grade 3a. Substances of alkaline reaction were predominant in stricture patients (68.4% in 2b Stricture group, 60% in 3a Stricture group). The patients’ height of non-stricture group was greater than that of stricture groups (2b Stricture group, 1.58 ± 0.08 m, 2b Non-stricture group, 1.66 ± 0.07 m, P < 0.004; 3a Stricture group, 1.52 ± 0.09 m, 3a Non-stricture group, 1.71 ± 0.02 m, P < 0.001). Omeprazole was more commonly used in non-stricture than stricture group (26.3% in 2b Stricture group, 69.2% in 2b Non-stricture group, P = 0.017; 50% in 3a Stricture group, 100% in 3a Non-stricture group, 1.71 ± 0.02 m, P = 0.015). Conclusion In this study, the corrosive esophageal injuries grades 2b and 3a are important groups of patients who are at risk of developing post-corrosive esophageal stricture. Alkaline substances play the major role in stricture sequelae. The height of patients and the prescription of omeprazole may help to minimize the risks of post-corrosive esophageal stricture. Disclosure All authors have declared no conflicts of interest.

scholarly journals Childhood obesity: an overview of laboratory medicine, exercise and microbiome

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (9) ◽  
pp. 1385-1406
Author(s):  
Olga Scudiero ◽  
Raffaela Pero ◽  
Annaluisa Ranieri ◽  
Daniela Terracciano ◽  
Fabio Fimiani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Caloric Intake ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Obese Adults ◽  
Important Public Health Problem ◽  
Obesity Status ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Reduced Physical Activity

AbstractIn the last few years, a significant increase of childhood obesity incidence unequally distributed within countries and population groups has been observed, thus representing an important public health problem associated with several health and social consequences. Obese children have more than a 50% probability of becoming obese adults, and to develop pathologies typical of obese adults, that include type 2-diabetes, dyslipidemia and hypertension. Also environmental factors, such as reduced physical activity and increased sedentary activities, may also result in increased caloric intake and/or decreased caloric expenditure. In the present review, we aimed to identify and describe a specific panel of parameters in order to evaluate and characterize the childhood obesity status useful in setting up a preventive diagnostic approach directed at improving health-related behaviors and identifying predisposing risk factors. An early identification of risk factors for childhood obesity could definitely help in setting up adequate and specific clinical treatments.

Population-based cardiovascular risk factors in the elderly in Turkey: a cross-sectional survey

Open Medicine ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adem Ozkara ◽  
Faruk Turgut ◽  
Mehmet Kanbay ◽  
Yusuf Selcoki ◽  
Ali Akcay
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Past History ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Important Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional

AbstractHypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidaemia, obesity and smoking are known to be the most important modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Because the elderly population has been increasing globally, CVD may become a more important public health problem in the future. This report examines the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in the elderly in Ankara, Turkey. This was a cross-sectional survey and included a total of 2720 individuals living in the Ankara district. Trained research staff administered a standard questionnaire in the participants’ homes and worksites. The questionnaire collected information on clinical and demographic characteristics and a self-reported medical history, including past history of hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, coronary artery disease, coronary artery by-pass graft operation, and cerebrovascular accident. The mean age of the study participants was 69.5 ± 7.2 years. The study identified 1298 women (78.1%) and 753 men (71.2%) with hypertension, and the overall prevalence of hypertension was 75.4%. A total of 739 (27.2%) people had diabetes mellitus, and, of these people, 603 (81.6%) were hypertensive. A total of 1361 people had hyperlipidemia, and 1103 of these patients were also hypertensive. The overall prevalence of obesity was 27.2%. A total of 553 (20.3%) people were smokers. Our findings indicate that cardiovascular risk factors are very common in the elderly. To maximize risk reduction, physicians must take aggressive measures to decrease cardiovascular risk factors.

scholarly journals Obstructive sleep apnea: from the beginnings, to the risk factors and to occupational medicine assessment

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-11
Author(s):  
Mihaela Trenchea ◽  
Agripina Rașcu ◽  
Oana-Cristina Arghir
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Work Performance ◽  
Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Important Public Health Problem ◽  
Obstructive Sleep

Abstract Over the last thirty years, the pathogenesis of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) has begun to be elucidated worldwide due to the presence of standardized diagnostic and treatment. In adults, the clinical diagnosis may be suggestive of OSAS when symptoms like fatigue, lack of concentration, poor work performance, absenteeism, daytime sleepiness, insomnia, snoring, nocturnal respiratory distress or apnea episodes witnessed by others are present. Some medical conditions found in employees’ personal history such as craniofacial abnormalities, some endocrine diseases, arterial hypertension, especially resistant arterial hypertension, coronary artery disease, atrial fibrillation, congestive heart failure, stroke, obesity, diabetes mellitus, cognitive dysfunction or mental disorders may be the alarm signal for OSAS. The assessment of all risk factors, clinical presentation and diagnosis must become an important part of occupational medical examinations and performed in all workers due to its major public health potential and impact on survival. The early identification of OSAS among workers performed by the occupational physician can potentially reduce the risk of work injuries and fatalities. In conclusion, OSAS is a complex entity and an important public health problem. The delay in diagnosis and treatment contributes to the increase of healthcare services demand and implicitly to general mortality.

scholarly journals Iatrogenic lesions of the skeleton

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 19-25
Author(s):  
Galina A. Melnichenko ◽  
Elizaveta O. Mamedova
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Fracture Risk ◽  
Bone Metabolism ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Osteoporotic Fractures ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Important Public Health Problem

Osteoporotic fractures are an important public health problem due to their negative impact on the quality of life and life expectancy, as well as high cost of treatment and rehabilitation. Along with the major risk factors for osteoporotic fractures, such as low bone mineral density (BMD), age, low body weight, frequent falls and previous fractures, an important secondary risk factor, especially among susceptible individuals, is taking certain medications. The difficulty in assessing fracture risk when taking various drugs, as well as the development of appropriate methods of prevention and treatment, is often due to the absence of large randomized trials with a sufficient level of evidence, as well as the heterogeneity of the main risk factors for fractures in studied groups of patients. We focus on the main groups of drugs for which there is evidence of a negative impact on bone metabolism, BMD and fracture risk. In addition to drugs, bone metabolism is also influenced by bariatric surgery, transplantation of solid organs, gonadectomy for various diseases. This article is the RePrint from the original publication in Obesity and Metabolism 2016; 13(2); pp. 41-47. doi: 10.14341/omet2016241-47

scholarly journals Benign Corrosive Stricture Excision by Lateral Pharyngotomy

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-83
Author(s):  
Ravi Meher ◽  
Tripti Brar ◽  
PK Rathore ◽  
Virad Aggarwal ◽  
Aditi LNU
Keyword(s):  
Esophageal Stricture ◽  
Endoscopic Examination ◽  
Aerodigestive Tract ◽  
Male Child ◽  
Feeding Jejunostomy ◽  
Lateral Pharyngotomy ◽  
Corrosive Stricture

ABSTRACT Benign corrosive lesion of aerodigestive tract is difficult to treat. We report a case of a 3-year-old male child who accidentally ingested acid and presented to the emergency a few hours later with difficulty in breathing and dysphagia. He was admitted and underwent a tracheotomy. A feeding jejunostomy was also done. The patient was then planned for an endoscopic examination followed by a lateral pharyngotomy. A few weeks later, a bougie dilatation of the esophageal stricture was done and the dysphagia was relieved.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Physiological, Pathological and Behavioral Risk Factors in Patients Treated with Antidiabetic Sulfonylureas

2015 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 342-344
Author(s):  
Confederat Luminita ◽  
Stefan Roxana ◽  
Constantin Sandra ◽  
Hăncianu Monica ◽  
Profire Lenuta
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Behavioral Risk Factors ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Important Public Health Problem ◽  
Obesity Class ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
High Prevalence

AbstractDiabetes mellitus is an important public health problem because of its increased incidence and its devastating complications. In addition to this, it was observed an increase in prevalence for diabetes risk factors. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of the pathophysiological and behavioral risk factors among patients treated with oral hypoglycemic sulfonylureas.Material and methods: It were analyzed the observation sheets of 200 patients ambulatory treated at the “Providența” Medical Center.Results and discussions: Most of the patients were aged over 65 years, being 48.5% women and 51.5% men. The obesity was the most frequent (88%) risk factor in patients; the majority of them were included in the “overweight” and “first- degree obesity” class (72%). Regarding associated comorbidities, hypertension was found in 77% of cases, followed by dyslipidemia. In terms of physiological and behavioral aspects, age and alcohol consumption were predominant.Conclusions: A significant percentage of diabetic patients treated with hypoglycemic sulfonylureas present a high prevalence of the risk factors and even two or three factors associated.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Enterobius Vermicularis Infections and Associated Risk Factors Among Schoolchildren in Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pokkamol Laoraksawong ◽  
Pimyada Pansuwan ◽  
Supakrit Krongchon ◽  
Pongphan Pongpanitanont ◽  
Penchom Janwan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Enterobius Vermicularis ◽  
Important Public Health Problem ◽  
Current Prevalence ◽  
Southern Thailand ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Abstract Objective: Enterobius vermicularis infection is an important public health problem worldwide, especially among schoolchildren in tropical and subtropical countries. The prevalence of E. vermicularis infections varies in each region of Thailand, but its status remains unknown among children who live in rural areas of southern region. This study aimed to evaluate the current prevalence of E. vermicularis infections and to identify the risk factors for infection among schoolchildren who live in rural communities in Nakhon Si Thammarat, Southern Thailand.Results: The overall prevalence of E. vermicularis infections was 5.79% (23 of 397). According to the multivariate analysis, the following were found to be risk factors associated with E. vermicularis infections (P < 0.05): male sex (AOR = 4.03, 95%CI 1.22-13.29), age group 3-6 years (AOR = 4.85, 95%CI 1.51-15.59), those having mother’s education level of primary school (AOR = 11.22, 95%CI 1.75-71.77), those having older sibling(s) (AOR = 6.25, 95%CI 1.83-21.26), those having younger sibling(s) (AOR = 6.24, 95%CI 2.00-19.44), those sometimes washing hands after using toilet (AOR = 5.25, 95%CI 1.24-22.21), those keeping fingernail long (AOR = 29.97, 95%CI 6.16-145.85), and those sucking their finger (AOR = 3.59, 95%CI 1.21-10.66).

Abstract WP408: Temporal Trends in Pediatric Stroke Hospitalization From 2000 - 2009: Analysis of the KID Inpatient Database

Stroke ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
John M Taylor ◽  
Paul Horn ◽  
Samrat Yeramaneni ◽  
Heidi Sucharew ◽  
Jane Khoury
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Pediatric Stroke ◽  
Hospitalized Children ◽  
Important Public Health Problem ◽  
Stroke Incidence ◽  
Number Of Discharges ◽  
Inpatient Database

Background/Hypothesis: Stroke in children ≤18 years is an important public health problem. The incidence of stroke in adults has been falling over several decades, likely attributable to better management of vascular risk factors. Children have different risk factors for cerebrovascular disease, however we wanted to see if similar trends were observed in pediatric stroke. We examined pediatric hospital discharges for stroke over the last decade. Methods: We used the Kids’ Inpatient Database (KID) for 2000, 2003, 2006, and 2009 using the published weighting guidelines to estimate the number of overall discharges and number of discharges due to stroke. To identify stroke we queried primary position discharge ICD-9 stroke codes 430, 431, 432.9, 434.X1, 434.9, and 435.9; previously identified to have high PPV for detection of stroke in children in a physician-verified epidemiology stroke study. We calculated incidence for stroke among hospitalized children as number of stroke discharges / total number of discharges, and expressed the ratio per 100,000 discharges. We compared trends in stroke type, age, race and sex over the decade. Results: Stroke incidence in 2000 was 26.4 (95% CI 23.2-29.6). In the 2009 sample, incidence was 30.9 (27.7-34.1) showing a non-significant increasing trend over time. Ischemic stroke was increasingly diagnosed over the same interval with a statistically significantly higher incidence in 2006 and 2009 compared to 2000 (Figure 1). Groups with highest stroke incidence in hospitalized children were 10-14 year olds, males, and children identifying with the racial group “black.” Conclusion: In the KID database, we identified a rising incidence of ischemic stroke diagnosis over the past decade, however the overall rate of pediatric stroke has not increased significantly. The increasing rate of an ischemic stroke discharge diagnosis may be the result of increased awareness of childhood stroke.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Amblyopia and Associated Risk Factors in Tibetan Grade One Children

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Zhaojun Meng ◽  
Jing Fu ◽  
Weiwei Chen ◽  
Lei Li ◽  
Han Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Anterior Segment ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Ethnic Composition ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Time Zone ◽  
Important Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tibet Autonomous Region ◽  
Grade One

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Amblyopia is an important public health problem and standard screening is quite necessary for early diagnosis and treatment especially for the remote areas. As the place of the largest Tibetan population, the Tibetan Plateau has special geographical characteristics such as high altitude, time zone, and ethnic composition, where very little information is available about the prevalence of amblyopia and other ocular diseases. The article aims to determine the prevalence of amblyopia and associated factors in grade 1 Tibetan children, living in Lhasa, Tibet Autonomous Region. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> A cross-sectional study was conducted. All the participants were scheduled for comprehensive eye examinations including visual acuity testing, ocular deviation and movement evaluation, cycloplegic refraction and examinations of the external eye, anterior segment, media, and fundus. Amblyopia was assessed in the children according to the standard definition. <b><i>Results:</i></b> A total of 1,856 students participated in the examinations (97.58% response rate). 1,852 students completed all the related examinations, and 34 of them were diagnosed as amblyopia with the prevalence of 1.84% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.22–2.45%). Unilateral amblyopia was diagnosed in 23 students (1.24%, 95% CI: 0.74–1.75%), including 16 anisometropic, 4 strabismic, 1 visual deprivational, and 2 mixed. Other 11 students were diagnosed as bilateral amblyopia (0.59%, 95% CI: 0.24–0.94%), including 9 ametropic, 1 deprivational, and 1 with nystagmus. The mean cylinder refraction and absolute value of the spherical equivalent refraction of amblyopic eyes was respectively −2.15 ± 1.52 D and 2.70 ± 2.33 D. Amblyopia was significantly associated with hyperopia (≥+2.00 D, odds ratio [OR] 8.22, 95% CI 3.42–19.72), astigmatism (≤−2.00 D, OR 6.76, 95% CI 2.56–17.85), and anisometropia (≥+0.50 to &#x3c;+1.00 D, OR 3.95, 95% CI 1.44–10.79; ≥+1.00 D, OR 21.90, 95% CI 8.24–58.18). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> The prevalence of amblyopia in grade 1 students of Lhasa is relatively higher than that of many other ethnic populations in China previously reported. Refractive errors including anisometropia, hyperopia, and astigmatism are the major risk factors of amblyopia.

scholarly journals Is dementia preventable?

2009 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-216
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Important Public Health Problem ◽  
Important Public Health ◽  
Temporary Relief ◽  
Dementia Prevention

Dementia is an important public health problem of increasing magnitude. At present, available therapies provide only minor and temporary relief, and attempts to find a cure have so far failed. Epidemiological studies have identified risk factors for dementia, particularly Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia. In principle, these findings provide an opportunity to intervene and prevent the dementia epidemic. Attention to nongenetic risk factors such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia, smoking, and obesity may thus not only prevent cardiovascular disease but also dementia, although it is difficult to prove the efficacy of these measures for dementia prevention.

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