scholarly journals 64 Biomarker-based index for detecting sarcopenia in patients with cardiovascular disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
H Kai ◽  
H Harada ◽  
N Niiyama ◽  
A Katoh
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Sialic Acid ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Multivariate Regression Analysis ◽  
Roc Curve Analysis ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Index ◽  
Simple Index ◽  
N 93

Abstract Background Clinical significance of sarcopenia has been highlighted in patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD). Sarcopenia is generally diagnosed based on the decrease in skeletal muscle index (SMI) and the reduction of either handgrip strength or gait speed. However, SMI is difficult to measure for general physicians or cardiologists, because special, expensive equipment (i.e. bioelectrical impedance assay (BIA) or dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry) is necessary. Purpose The aim of this study was to seek a new, simple index to detect sarcopenia in CVD patients. Methods We retrospectively investigated the association of sarcopenia with physical examination data and circulating biomarkers of nutrition, inflammation, skeletal muscle homeostasis in 132 CVD patients who admitted in our hospital. Sarcopenia was diagnosed according to the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) guidelines using SMI measurements by BIA method. Results Among the screened biomarkers (e.g. hsCRP and IL-6), serum adiponectin and sialic acid was significantly higher in sarcopenic patients (n = 39) than non-sarcopenic patients (n = 93). On stepwise multivariate regression analysis, adiponectin, sialic acid, sex, age, and body mass index were independent detecting factors for sarcopenia based on AWGS criteria. ROC curve analysis revealed high accuracy for sarcopenia detection of the biomarker-based sarcopenia index (BMI), obtained from the regression formula using the independent factors (Figure). Conclusions: Novel biomarker-based sarcopenia index would be a simple, useful tool for detecting sarcopenia in CVD patients. Abstract 64 Figure. Sarcopenia Detection using BSI

scholarly journals High serum concentrations of growth differentiation factor-15 in male Crohn’s disease patients with low skeletal muscle index

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroyuki Yamamoto ◽  
Fuminao Takeshima ◽  
Masafumi Haraguchi ◽  
Kayoko Matsushima ◽  
Moto Kitayama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Crohn’S Disease ◽  
Crohn's Disease ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Intestinal Resection ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Japanese Patients ◽  
High Serum ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Index ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Sarcopenia is defined as low skeletal muscle index (SMI) in addition to low muscle strength (MS) or low physical function, and many biomarkers have been reported. In Crohn's disease (CD), low SMI is associated with predictors and complications of intestinal resection. Therefore, in many reports of CD, sarcopenia was defined only by SMI. However, there have been no reports of MS in Japan. Our study aimed to investigate the frequency of sarcopenia by assessing both SMI and MS in Japanese patients with CD and biomarkers predicting low SMI. We evaluated SMI using bioelectrical impedance analysis, handgrip strength, and blood tests, including CRP, ALB, IL-6, TNFα, GDF-8, and GDF-15 as biomarker candidates for 78 CD patients in our hospital. Sarcopenia and low SMI were 8% and 42.3%, respectively. Each candidate biomarker and SMI were negatively correlated with GDF-15 (Pearson's r=-0.414, P = 0.0031) in males and positively correlated with ALB (r = 0.377, P = 0.048), and negatively correlated with IL-6 (r=-0.484, P = 0.012) in females. Multivariate analysis adjusted for these items, age, and BMI showed a significant difference in male GDF-15 (P = 0.011, OR: 7.86, 95% CI: 1.09–56.58). Therefore, GDF-15 in male patients is considered a biomarker of low SMI.

scholarly journals Simplified morphological evaluation of skeletal muscle mass and maximum muscle strength in healthy young women: Comparison between thigh and calf

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 174550652096200
Author(s):  
Tomohiro Yasuda
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Muscle Thickness ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Index ◽  
Stand Test ◽  
Sit To Stand

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine the prediction of skeletal muscle mass and maximum muscle strength using simplified morphology evaluation in young Japanese women from the thigh and calf perspective. Methods: A total of 249 Japanese young women (aged 18–25 years) were used for data analyses in this study. Thigh and calf girths were measured using a tape measure at 50% of thigh length and at 30% proximal of calf length, respectively. Muscle thickness was measured using B-mode ultrasound at the anterior and posterior thigh (at 50% of thigh length) and at the posterior lower leg (at 30% proximal of calf length), respectively. The measurements were carried out on the right side of the body while the participants stood with their elbows extended and relaxed. A stepwise multiple regression analysis (method of increasing and decreasing the variables; criterion set at p < 0.05) was performed for skeletal muscle index (defined by appendicular skeletal muscle mass/height2), handgrip strength, or sit-to-stand test and five variable factors (girth (thigh and calf) and muscle thickness (anterior and posterior thigh and posterior calf)). Results: Unlike the sit-to-stand test, skeletal muscle index or handgrip strength was correlated ( p < 0.001) with the girth or muscle thickness for both thigh and calf. Unlike the sit-to-stand test, the prediction equations for skeletal muscle index and handgrip strength estimation showed significant correlations with multiple regression analysis of data obtained from the calf girth and muscle thickness. In both skeletal muscle index and handgrip strength, calf girth was adopted as a Step 1, respectively. Conclusion: Our results indicated that skeletal muscle index and handgrip strength could be evaluated by the simplified morphology methods, especially that for the calf girth measurement, which may be a good indicator of screening/preventing for sarcopenia in healthy Japanese young women.

scholarly journals Prevalence of older adults with low muscle mass living in a residential continuing care retirement community in Florida

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis Hunt ◽  
Sareen S. Gropper ◽  
Kelly A. Miller ◽  
Barbara Tymczyszyn ◽  
Deborah Chapa
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Nurse Practitioners ◽  
Oldest Old ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Retirement Community ◽  
Continuing Care ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Index ◽  
Continuing Care Retirement Community

Muscle mass, strength, and function have been shown to decline with aging, and if of sufficient magnitude can result in sarcopenia. This study’s objective was to determine the prevalence of low muscle mass in a group of adults living in a “premier” Florida residential continuing care retirement community. The sample consisted of 80 older adults, ranging from young old (65-74 years) to the oldest old (85+ years) with the oldest participant being 94 years. Skeletal muscle mass was assessed via bioelectrical impedance analysis. Skeletal muscle index values were calculated and compared with established cut-off values to classify each individual’s muscle mass as normal or low (sarcopenic). The prevalence of sarcopenia among the males was 66% and among females was 73%. When examined by age, 56% of those in their 70s, 73% of those in their 80s, and 79% of adults in their 90s had low muscle mass indicative of sarcopenia. This study found a higher prevalence for sarcopenia in females and males, especially among the oldest groups, than previously reported in a nationally representative sample of adults. This study’s findings also suggest the need for further studies examining whether the prevalence of low muscle mass among adults in either classification varies with socioeconomic status and ethnicity. Continuing care retirement communities may provide excellent environments for the screening, diagnosis, and implementation of exercise and nutritional programs for residents to help prevent or attenuate sarcopenia’s deleterious effects. Nurse practitioners must incorporate screening for sarcopenia in their wellness package for their patients. Screening, nutritional education and support and exercise prescriptions are vital to prevent associated decline from sarcopenia.

scholarly journals Effect of Postoperative Oral Intake Status on Sarcopenia Six Months After Esophageal Cancer Surgery

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nanako Hijikata ◽  
Aiko Ishikawa ◽  
Satoru Matsuda ◽  
Michiyuki Kawakami ◽  
Kaori Muraoka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Tube Feeding ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Oral Intake ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Index ◽  
Swallowing Assessment

Abstract Purpose: In patients with esophageal cancer, skeletal muscle mass has been reported to decrease progressively after surgery and be independently associated with a poor prognosis. The purpose of this study was to investigate perioperative changes in dysphagia, oral intake status, and nutritional status and identify factors related to sarcopenia six months after esophagectomy.Methods: A total of 134 patients who underwent radical resection for thoracic esophageal cancer between March 2016 and July 2019 were analyzed retrospectively. The diagnosis of sarcopenia was made by CT taken six months postoperatively using the cut-off criteria of skeletal muscle index (SMI) <52.4 cm2/m2 for male and SMI <38.5 cm2/m2 for female patients. As factors related to postoperative sarcopenia, dysphagia, oral intake status, nutritional status, and physical function were extracted from the medical records. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify perioperative risk factors related to sarcopenia six months after surgery.Results: Of the 134 patients, 34.3% were judged to be unable to start oral intake on swallowing assessment. At discharge, 30.6% received tube feeding with or without oral intake. In the non-oral intake group on swallowing assessment, a significantly higher proportion of patients received tube feeding at discharge (p=0.014). Preoperative BMI, postoperative handgrip strength, and tube feeding at discharge were independent risk factors for sarcopenia six months after esophagectomy in male patients.Conclusions: Oral intake status at discharge is significantly related to postoperative sarcopenia in patients with esophageal cancer. Identifying high-risk groups might allow early detection of malnutrition and provision of appropriate care.

scholarly journals Association of Body Composition and Sarcopenia with NASH in Obese Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (15) ◽  
pp. 3445
Author(s):  
Sophia Marie-Therese Schmitz ◽  
Lena Schooren ◽  
Andreas Kroh ◽  
Alexander Koch ◽  
Christine Stier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Impedance Analysis ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Index ◽  
P Values

Obese patients often suffer from sarcopenia or sarcopenic obesity (SO) that can trigger inflammatory diseases including non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Sarcopenia and SO can be diagnosed through measuring parameters of body composition such as skeletal muscle mass (SMM), skeletal muscle index (SMI) and fat mass (FM) obtained by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). The aim of this study was to assess the relationship of body composition and NASH in patients with obesity. A total of 138 patients with obesity that underwent bariatric surgery were included in this study. BIA was used to estimate body composition. A liver biopsy was taken intraoperatively and histological assessment of NASH was performed. A total of 23 patients (17%) were classified as NASH and 65 patients (47%) met the criteria for borderline NASH. Body mass index (BMI) was significantly higher in patients with NASH compared to borderline NASH and no NASH (56.3 kg/m2 vs. 51.6 kg/m2 vs. 48.6 kg/m2, p = 0.004). Concerning body composition, FM, but also SMM and SMI were significantly higher in patients with NASH (p-values 0.011, 0.005 and 0.006, resp.). Fat mass index (FMI) and weight-adjusted skeletal muscle index (SMI_weight) failed to reach statistical significance (p-values 0.067 and 0.661). In patients with obesity, higher FM were associated with NASH. Contrary to expectations, SMM and SMI were also higher in patients with NASH. Therefore, higher body fat, rather than sarcopenia and SO, might be decisive for development of NASH in patients with obesity.

scholarly journals Effect of Handgrip Strength on Clinical Outcomes of Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treated with Lenvatinib

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (16) ◽  
pp. 5403
Author(s):  
Yurika Kotoh ◽  
Issei Saeki ◽  
Takahiro Yamasaki ◽  
Ryo Sasaki ◽  
Norikazu Tanabe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Significant Prognostic Factor ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Index ◽  
The Individual

Previous studies have reported prognostic factors for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients receiving lenvatinib; however, no studies have evaluated the effects of both handgrip strength and skeletal muscle mass on the clinical outcomes. Therefore, this retrospective study investigated the individual effect of handgrip strength, skeletal muscle mass, and sarcopenia on clinical outcomes of 53 HCC patients treated with lenvatinib. Before receiving lenvatinib, handgrip strength and skeletal muscle index (SMI) were measured. Low handgrip strength and muscle depletion were defined as <26 and <18 kg and SMI <42 and SMI <38 cm2/m2 in men and women, respectively. Sarcopenia was defined as having low handgrip strength and muscle depletion. Multivariate analysis identified modified albumin–bilirubin grade 1–2a (p = 0.010), Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage A–B (p = 0.011), and absence of low handgrip strength (p = 0.015) as favorable prognostic factors for survival. Furthermore, sarcopenia was an independent significant prognostic factor for survival. Time to treatment failure was associated with handgrip strength and sarcopenia. Our findings suggest that handgrip strength may be a useful marker of clinical outcomes in HCC patients treated with lenvatinib.

Prevalence of low computed tomography–measured skeletal muscle index and handgrip strength in a general medical population

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Van Jacobs ◽  
Anne Coltman ◽  
Sandra L. Gomez‐Perez ◽  
Benjamin Bienia ◽  
Joy S. Sclamberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Index ◽  
Medical Population

scholarly journals A Prospective Observational Study Evaluating Sarcopenia By Using the Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis in Elderly Patients with Hematologic Malignancies

Blood ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 132 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 4851-4851 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takahiro Kamiya ◽  
Kota Mizuno ◽  
Shinji Ogura ◽  
Chisako Ito ◽  
Yuriko Fujita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Impedance Analysis ◽  
Hematologic Malignancies ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Index

Abstract [Introduction] Sarcopenia is characterized by age-related decline of skeletal muscle plus low muscle strength and/or physical performance. Previous studies have confirmed the association of sarcopenia and adverse health outcomes, such as falls, disability, hospital admission, long term care placement, poorer quality of life, and mortality, which denotes the importance of sarcopenia in the health care for older people. Population-based studies reported that the prevalence of sarcopenia in Japanese healthy adults aged≥60 years was 8.5% among men and 8.0% among women. Sarcopenia was recently identified as a poor prognostic factor in patients with solid tumors. In cancer patients, sarcopenia is associated with treatment failure, chemotherapy toxicity, and a shorter time to tumor progression related to survival. In contrast to solid tumors, the clinical relevance of sarcopenia in hematologic malignancies is still unknown. The present study investigated the prevalence of sarcopenia based on the criteria of the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) in elderly patients with hematologic malignancies. [Patients and Methods] We prospectively analyzed 56 elderly patients aged≥60 years with hematologic malignancies diagnosed at our institution between 2015 and 2018. Appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) was measured at diagnosis by using multifrequency bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) (InBody 720). BIA is suitable for body composition monitoring in elderly patients as a fast, noninvasive, and convenient method. Skeletal muscle index (SMI) was defined as the ratio of ASM divided by height in square centimeters. We also evaluated physical function by using short physical performance buttery (SPPB). Sarcopenia was defined according to the AWGS algorithm, in which the patient has low muscle mass, and low muscle strength or low physical performance. Low muscle mass was defined as a skeletal muscle index (SMI: ASM/height2) of <7.0kg/m2 in men and <5.7kg/m2 in women. Pre-sarcopenia was defined as having only low muscle mass. Low muscle strength was defined as a handgrip strength of <26kg in men and <18kg in women; and low physical performance, as a gait speed of <0.8m/sec. The study protocol was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Yokohama Municipal Citizen's Hospital, and it was carried out in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. [Results] Median age at diagnosis was 77 years (60-93 years), with 34 males and 22 females. The diagnosis included non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL, n=36), multiple myeloma (MM, n=9), myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS, n=10), and acute myeloid leukemia (AML, n=1). The prevalence of low muscle mass (pre-sarcopenia) was 41% (14/34) in men and 77% (17/22) in women. The prevalence of low muscle strength was 35% (12/34) in men and 41% (9/22) in women. The prevalence of low physical performance status (Gait speed:<0.8m/sec) was 6% (2/34) in men and 9% (2/22) in women. The prevalence of sarcopenia based on a diagnosis of low muscle mass, low muscle strength, and low physical performance was 24% (8/34) in men and (8/22) 36% in women. The prevalence of low SPPB score (<10) was 9% (3/34) in men and 18% (4/22) in women. Among 36 NHL patients, the diagnosis included DLBCL (n=15), FL (n=10), MALT (n=3), SMZBCL (n=3), MCL (n=2), and others. The prevalence of sarcopenia was 25% (5/20) in men and 50% (8/16) in women. The mean age was 83 years in the sarcopenic group (n=13, 36%) and 73 years in the non-sarcopenic group (n=23, 64%) (p=0.0001). Sarcopenic patients displayed a similar level of serum albumin, LDH, sIL2-R, and BMI when compared with patients who were not sarcopenic. However, sarcopenic patients displayed significantly lower levels of serum dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate (DHEA-S) and a higher CCI score than patients who were not sarcopenic. Sarcopenic patients failed to complete the treatment planned as compared with non-sarcopenic patients (p=0.001). [Conclusion] These results demonstrated that the prevalence of sarcopenia in elderly patients with hematologic malignancies is higher than that in the Japanese general elderly population. In particular, the prevalence of sarcopenia in female NHL patients is higher than that in male NHL patients. Several factors such as age, serum DHEA-S or comorbidities may affect the incidence of sarcopenia. Since our results are based on a small-sized analysis, further large prospective studies are warranted to verify this conclusion. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

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