P1813Impact of cardiac MRI imaging on detection rates of myocarditis

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Morgenstern ◽  
B Mikolich ◽  
D Morgenstern ◽  
J R Mikolich
Keyword(s):  
Chest Pain ◽  
Cardiac Imaging ◽  
Cardiac Mri ◽  
Detection Rate ◽  
Pulse Sequence ◽  
T2 Mapping ◽  
Pulse Sequences ◽  
Gadolinium Enhancement ◽  
Detection Rates ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background The Lake Louise Criteria for the diagnosis of myocarditis by cardiac MRI (CMR) was published in 2009 (JACC April 2009; 53(17): 1475–1487) utilizing T2 STIR, “early” gadolinium enhancement (EGE) and late gadolinium enhancement (LGE). In 2012, our CMR unit adopted a chest pain protocol to enhance detection of inflammatory heart disease, using all 3 pulse sequences. In 2017, T1 relaxing mapping and T2 relaxation mapping were added to the chest pain protocol. Purpose This study was designed to assess the impact of pulse sequence changes in the CMR chest pain protocol on the detection rate of myocarditis. Methods An institutional cardiac imaging database was queried for all patients with chest pain who underwent a CMR study from 2009 thru 2018. The number of newly diagnosed cases of myocarditis per year was computed, based on the prevailing CMR diagnostic criteria at that time. The detection rate of new myocarditis cases per year, was calculated by dividing the number of new cases by the total of CMR studies performed for evaluation of chest pain, during each calendar year. Results Of the 4,946 patients in the cardiac imaging database, 2,126 patients underwent CMR imaging for complaints of chest pain. Detection rates of myocarditis by year are shown in Figure 1. Prior to inclusion of T1 STIR pulse sequences, CMR detection of myocarditis was nearly nil. Use of T2 STIR imaging allowed for an increased rate of myocarditis detection. However, addition of T1 mapping and T2 mapping in 2017 resulted in another increase in myocarditis detection rates from baseline. Figure 1. Detection rate of myocarditis. Conclusions Detection rates of myocarditis using CMR were improved by using T2 STIR pulse sequences, per the initial Lake Louise Criteria. Further enhancement of myocarditis detection rates is achieved by addition of T1 and T2 mapping. These CMR impact data provide additional support for the adoption of the recently modified Lake Louise Criteria (JACC Dec 2018; 72(24): 3158–3176).

scholarly journals The Effects of Social Distancing Policies on non-SARS-CoV-2 Respiratory Pathogens

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeff Nawrocki ◽  
Katherine Olin ◽  
Martin C Holdrege ◽  
Joel Hartsell ◽  
Lindsay Meyers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Detection Rate ◽  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
Respiratory Pathogens ◽  
Public Health Response ◽  
Mixed Effect ◽  
Detection Rates ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background The initial focus of the US public health response to COVID-19 was the implementation of numerous social distancing policies. While COVID-19 was the impetus for imposing these policies, it is not the only respiratory disease affected by their implementation. This study aimed to assess the impact of social distancing policies on non-SARS-CoV-2 respiratory pathogens typically circulating across multiple US states. Methods Linear mixed-effect models were implemented to explore the effects of five social distancing policies on non-SARS-CoV-2 respiratory pathogens across nine states from January 1 through May 1, 2020. The observed 2020 pathogen detection rates were compared week-by-week to historical rates to determine when the detection rates were different. Results Model results indicate that several social distancing policies were associated with a reduction in total detection rate, by nearly 15%. Policies were associated with decreases in pathogen circulation of human rhinovirus/enterovirus and human metapneumovirus, as well as influenza A, which typically decrease after winter. Parainfluenza viruses failed to circulate at historical levels during the spring. Total detection rate in April 2020 was 35% less than historical average. Many of the pathogens driving this difference fell below historical detection rate ranges within two weeks of initial policy implementation. Conclusion This analysis investigated the effect of multiple social distancing policies implemented to reduce transmission of SARS-CoV-2 on non-SARS-CoV-2 respiratory pathogens. These findings suggest that social distancing policies may be used as an impactful public health tool to reduce communicable respiratory illness.

scholarly journals Quantitative Radiomics: Impact of Pulse Sequence Parameter Selection on MRI-Based Textural Features of the Brain

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Ford ◽  
Nesrin Dogan ◽  
Lori Young ◽  
Fei Yang
Keyword(s):  
Pulse Sequence ◽  
Spin Echo ◽  
Pulse Sequences ◽  
Parameter Selection ◽  
Inversion Recovery ◽  
Textural Features ◽  
Imaging Data ◽  
Gradient Echo ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Brain

Objectives. Radiomic features extracted from diverse MRI modalities have been investigated regarding their predictive and/or prognostic value in a variety of cancers. With the aid of a 3D realistic digital MRI phantom of the brain, the aim of this study was to examine the impact of pulse sequence parameter selection on MRI-based textural parameters of the brain. Methods. MR images of the employed digital phantom were realized with SimuBloch, a simulation package made for fast generation of image sequences based on the Bloch equations. Pulse sequences being investigated consisted of spin echo (SE), gradient echo (GRE), spoiled gradient echo (SP-GRE), inversion recovery spin echo (IR-SE), and inversion recovery gradient echo (IR-GRE). Twenty-nine radiomic textural features related, respectively, to gray-level intensity histograms (GLIH), cooccurrence matrices (GLCOM), zone size matrices (GLZSM), and neighborhood difference matrices (GLNDM) were evaluated for the obtained MR realizations, and differences were identified. Results. It was found that radiomic features vary considerably among images generated by the five different T1-weighted pulse sequences, and the deviations from those measured on the T1 map vary among features, from a few percent to over 100%. Radiomic features extracted from T1-weighted spin-echo images with TR varying from 360 ms to 620 ms and TE = 3.4 ms showed coefficients of variation (CV) up to 45%, while up to 70%, for T2-weighted spin-echo images with TE varying over the range 60–120 ms and TR = 6400 ms. Conclusion. Variability of radiologic textural appearance on MR realizations with respect to the choice of pulse sequence and imaging parameters is feature-dependent and can be substantial. It calls for caution in employing MRI-derived radiomic features especially when pooling imaging data from multiple institutions with intention of correlating with clinical endpoints.

scholarly journals Comparison of 11 respiratory pathogens among hospitalized children before and during the COVID-19 epidemic in Shenzhen, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Li ◽  
Heping Wang ◽  
Ailiang Liu ◽  
Rongjun Wang ◽  
Tingting Zhi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Multiplex Pcr ◽  
Detection Rate ◽  
Human Metapneumovirus ◽  
Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Hospitalized Children ◽  
Respiratory Pathogens ◽  
Detection Rates ◽  
Syncytial Virus ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background The effect of SARS-CoV-2 on existing respiratory pathogens in circulation remains uncertain. This study aimed to assess the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on the prevalence of respiratory pathogens among hospitalized children. Methods This study enrolled hospitalized children with acute respiratory infections in Shenzhen Children’s Hospital from September to December 2019 (before the COVID-19 epidemic) and those from September to December 2020 (during the COVID-19 epidemic). Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected, and respiratory pathogens were detected using multiplex PCR. The absolute case number and detection rates of 11 pathogens were collected and analyzed. Results A total of 5696 children with respiratory tract infection received multiplex PCR examination for respiratory pathogens: 2298 from September to December 2019 and 3398 from September to December 2020. At least one pathogen was detected in 1850 (80.5%) patients in 2019, and in 2380 (70.0%) patients in 2020; the detection rate in 2020 was significantly lower than that in 2019.The Influenza A (InfA) detection rate was 5.6% in 2019, but 0% in 2020. The detection rates of Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Human adenovirus, and Human rhinovirus also decreased from 20% (460), 8.9% (206), and 41.8% (961) in 2019 to 1.0% (37), 2.1% (77), and 25.6% (873) in 2020, respectively. In contrast, the detection rates of Human respiratory syncytial virus, Human parainfluenza virus, and Human metapneumovirus increased from 6.6% (153), 9.9% (229), and 0.5% (12) in 2019 to 25.6% (873), 15.5% (530), and 7.2% (247) in 2020, respectively (p < 0.0001). Conclusions Successful containment of seasonal influenza as a result of COVID-19 control measures will ensure we are better equipped to deal with future outbreaks of both influenza and COVID-19.Caused by virus competition, the detection rates of Human respiratory syncytial virus, Human parainfluenza virus, and Human metapneumovirus increased in Shenzhen,that reminds us we need to take further monitoring and preventive measures in the next epidemic season.

scholarly journals Comparison of 11 Respiratory Pathogens Among Hospitalized Children Before and After the COVID-19 Epidemic in Shenzhen, China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Li ◽  
Heping Wang ◽  
Ailiang Liu ◽  
Rongjun Wang ◽  
Tingting Zhi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Multiplex Pcr ◽  
Mycoplasma Pneumoniae ◽  
Detection Rate ◽  
Human Metapneumovirus ◽  
Hospitalized Children ◽  
Respiratory Pathogens ◽  
Detection Rates ◽  
Syncytial Virus ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background: The effect of SARS-CoV-2 on existing respiratory pathogens in circulation remains uncertain. This study aimed to assess the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on the prevalence of respiratory pathogens among hospitalized children.Methods: This study enrolled hospitalized children with acute respiratory infections in Shenzhen Children’s Hospital from September to December 2019 (before the COVID-19 epidemic) and those from September to December 2020 (after the COVID-19 epidemic). Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected, and respiratory pathogens were detected using multiplex PCR. The absolute case number and detection rates of 11 pathogens were collected and analyzed.Results: A total of 5696 children with respiratory tract infection received multiplex PCR examination for respiratory pathogens: 2298 from September to December 2019 and 3398 from September to December 2020. At least one pathogen was detected in 1850 (80.5%) patients in 2019, and in 2380 (70.0%) patients in 2020; the detection rate in 2020 was significantly lower than that in 2019. The detection rates reflected changes in these pathogens when the COVID-19 epidemic was well controlled. The Influenza A (InfA) detection rate was 5.6% in 2019, but 0% in 2020. The detection rates of Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Human adenovirus, and Human rhinovirus also decreased from 20% (460), 8.9% (206), and 41.8% (961) in 2019 to 1.0% (37), 2.1% (77), and 25.6% (873) in 2020, respectively. In contrast, the detection rates of Human respiratory syncytial virus, Human parainfluenza virus, and Human metapneumovirus increased from 6.6% (153), 9.9% (229), and 0.5% (12) in 2019 to 25.6% (873), 15.5% (530), and 7.2% (247) in 2020, respectively (p < 0.0001).Conclusions: The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 was associated with the substantial reduction in the circulation of respiratory pathogens including influenza virus, rhinovirus, adenovirus, and Mycoplasma pneumoniae, as well as with the increase in respiratory syncytial virus, parainfluenza, and human metapneumovirus in Shenzhen. The reasons for this phenomenon require further studies.

scholarly journals Restaging the Biochemical Recurrence of Prostate Cancer with [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT: Diagnostic Performance and Impact on Patient Disease Management

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1594
Author(s):  
Aloÿse Fourquet ◽  
Lucien Lahmi ◽  
Timofei Rusu ◽  
Yazid Belkacemi ◽  
Gilles Créhange ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Disease Management ◽  
Biochemical Recurrence ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Detection Rate ◽  
Point Scale ◽  
Detection Rates ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
The Impact

Background: Detection rates of [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT on the restaging of prostate cancer (PCa) patients presenting with biochemical recurrence (BCR) have been well documented, but its performance and impact on patient management have not been evaluated as extensively. Methods: Retrospective analysis of PCa patients presenting with BCR and referred for [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT. Pathological foci were classified according to six anatomical sites and evaluated with a three-point scale according to the uptake intensity. The impact of [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT was defined as any change in management that was triggered by [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT. The existence of a PCa lesion was established according to a composite standard of truth based on all clinical data available collected during the follow-up period. Results: We included 294 patients. The detection rate was 69%. Per-patient sensitivity and specificity were both 70%. Patient disease management was changed in 68% of patients, and [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT impacted this change in 86% of patients. The treatment carried out on patient was considered effective in 89% of patients when guided by [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT versus 61% of patients when not guided by [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT (p < 0.001). Conclusions: [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT demonstrated high performance in locating PCa recurrence sites and impacted therapeutic management in nearly two out of three patients.

scholarly journals The Impact of Colonoscopy Quality Control Table on Adenoma Detection Rates

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Deng ◽  
Jiehua Zhi ◽  
Yaosheng Chen ◽  
Lanyu Liang ◽  
Jian Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Success Rate ◽  
Detection Rate ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Withdrawal Time ◽  
Detection Rates ◽  
Adenoma Detection ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Adenoma Detection Rates ◽  
Colonoscopy Quality ◽  
The Impact

Objective. This study aims to investigate the effects of reporting colonoscopy findings and the regular review of outcomes on adenoma detection rates.Methods. Patients who underwent colonoscopy from August 2013 to February 2014 were selected as the intervention group. The preintervention group included patients who underwent colonoscopy from January 2013 to July 2013, in which the procedure sheet for this group of patients was not accomplished. The primary outcome was adenoma detection rate (ADR), and secondary outcomes included the success rate of intubation and withdrawal time.Results. This study included 2,467 cases: 1,302 cases in the intervention group and 1,165 cases in the preintervention group. There was no significant difference in demographic characteristics between the two groups. In the intervention group, withdrawal time of colonoscopy was longer (P<0.01), and the success rate of intubation (92.5% versus 89.1%,P<0.05) and detection rate of polyps (32.6% versus 27.6%,P<0.05) and adenomas (20.0% versus 16.1%,P<0.05) were higher. Significantly high detection rates for proximal adenomas, flat adenomas, and adenomas with a diameter <5 mm were observed in the intervention group (allP<0.01).Conclusion. The reporting and review of procedure details help to improve quality indicators of colonoscopy.

scholarly journals The Impact of Face Shields on the Quality of Colonoscopy During the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jong Yoon Lee ◽  
Yeo Wool Kang ◽  
Jong Hoon Lee
Keyword(s):  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Detection Rate ◽  
Lesion Detection ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Detection Rates ◽  
Polyp Detection Rate ◽  
Adenoma Detection ◽  
Colonoscopy Quality ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a global pandemic. Healthcare workers are at a higher risk for exposure to COVID-19 infection than the general population. During the COVID-19 pandemic, endoscopists are recommended to wear personal protective equipment (PPE), including face shields, to prevent COVID-19 transmission. However, to the best of our knowledge, there are no reports on the impact of face shields on the quality of colonoscopy. This study aimed to determine whether the use of PPE, including face shields, affects the quality of colonoscopy during the COVID-19 pandemic.Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients who underwent screening or surveillance colonoscopy performed at Dong-A University Hospital between June 2020 and March 2021 during the COVID-19 pandemic. Endoscopists wore isolation gowns, disposable gloves, and KF94 masks from June 2020 to October 2020. From November 2020, endoscopists additionally wore face shields. Therefore, we compared the colonoscopy quality indicators during the 5 months without the use of face shields and the 5 months with the use of face shields. We calculated the overall adenoma detection rates (ADRs) of the group using face shields and the group not using face shields. Further, the polyp detection rate (PDR), sessile serrated lesion detection rate (SSLDR), advanced neoplasia detection rate (ANDR), polyp per colonoscopy, and adenoma per colonoscopy were calculated for each group.Results: In total, 1,359 patients were included in the study; the face shield and non-face shield groups comprised 679 and 680 patients, respectively. We found no statistically significant differences in the PDR (49.04 vs. 52.50%, p=0.202), ADR (38.59 vs. 38.97%, p=0.884) SSPDR (1.91 vs. 1.32%, p=0.388), and ANDR (3.98 vs. 3.97%, p=0.991) between the groups. In both the experienced endoscopist group and trainee endoscopist group, there was no difference in the colonoscopy quality indicators between the groups of patients examined by endoscopists with and without face shields.Conclusions: The quality indicators of colonoscopy were not affected by face shields during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Comparison of the diagnostic efficacy between transrectal prostate biopsy and transperineal cognitive fusion biopsy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhilei Zhang ◽  
Fei Qin ◽  
Wei Jiao ◽  
Xuecheng Yang ◽  
Yujun Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Prostate Biopsy ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Detection Rate ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Cognitive Fusion ◽  
Fusion Biopsy ◽  
Detection Rates ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background: This study aimed to compare the detection efficacy of transrectal ultrasound -guided systematic prostate biopsy (TR-SB) and transperineal cognitive fusion targeted +systematic biopsy (TP-SB+COG-TB) in patients with suspected prostate cancer (PCa). In addition, the relative clinical characteristics of PCa were evaluated. Methods: 385 patients were enrolled in this study, who underwent transrectal (n=275) or transperineal (n = 110) cognitive fusion biopsy. Relative factors of PCa including age, prostate volume and PSA level were collected for multivariable analysis. The cancer detection rates were compared, and logistic regression was used to assess the impact of patient characteristics on PCa detection Results: For all patients, the overall detection rates of TR-SB and TP-SB+COG-TB were 121/275(40%) and 67/110（60.91%）, respectively. TP-SB+COG-TB detected a higher rate of PCa (P =0.003) and more clinically significant prostate cancers (csPCa) (P=0.001) than TR-SB. Logistic regression analyses revealed that age、TPSA（total prostate specific antigen）and PV were related to the detection rate of PCa (P≤0.05). Conclusion ： TP-SB+COG-TB could find more clinically significant PCa than TR-SB. Due to the high detection rate at certain ages, PSA levels and PV, patents’ clinical characteristics should be considered in biopsy.

scholarly journals Incorporating phylogenetic information in microbiome abundance studies has no effect on detection power and FDR control

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antoine Bichat ◽  
Jonathan Plassais ◽  
Christophe Ambroise ◽  
Mahendra Mariadassou
Keyword(s):  
Detection Rate ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Synthetic Data ◽  
Evolutionary Information ◽  
Differential Analysis ◽  
Detection Rates ◽  
False Discovery ◽  
Bh Procedure ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Better Than

AbstractWe consider the problem of incorporating evolutionary information (e.g. taxonomic or phylogenic trees) in the context of metagenomics differential analysis. Recent results published in the literature propose different ways to leverage the tree structure to increase the detection rate of differentially abundant taxa. Here, we propose instead to use a different hierachical structure, in the form of a correlation-based tree, as it may capture the structure of the data better than the phylogeny. We first show that the correlation tree and the phylogeny are significantly different before turning to the impact of tree choice on detection rates. Using synthetic data, we show that the tree does have an impact: smoothing p-values according to the phylogeny leads to equal or inferior rates as smoothing according to the correlation tree. However, both trees are outperformed by the classical, non hierachical, Benjamini-Hochberg (BH) procedure in terms of detection rates. Other procedures may use the hierachical structure with profit but do not control the False Discovery Rate (FDR) a priori and remain inferior to a classical Benjamini-Hochberg procedure with the same nominal FDR. On real datasets, no hierarchical procedure had significantly higher detection rate that BH. Although intuition advocates the use of a hierachical structure, be it the phylogeny or the correlation tree, to increase the detection rate in microbiome studies, current hierachical procedures are still inferior to non hierachical ones and effective procedures remain to be invented.

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