Low-calorie-sweeteners in foods with front-of-package child-directed advertising in Brazil

Abstract Background Low-calorie sweeteners (LCS) are currently found in ultra-processed foods, even in those with high content of sugar, without any front-of-package (FOP) information for LCS content. The aim was to assess the presence of LCS and the combination of LCS and added sugars in foods and beverages with FOP child-directed advertising in the Brazilian packaged food supply. Methods In this cross-sectional study, we used data from the nutrition facts panel (NFP) dataset that includes 11,434 unique foods and beverages collected in 2017 in the five largest food retailers in Brazil. We used information on the NFP and the list of ingredients to determine the presence of LCS and added sugars. A subsample of the packages had the available FOP advertising strategies classified using the INFORMAS methodology (n = 3,491). We estimated the prevalence of LCS and the combination of LCS and added sugar presence in the Brazilian food supply, and assessed the prevalence of foods and beverages with FOP child-directed advertising. Results Out of 3,491 products assessed, 8.9% of the products contained LCS, of which 12.9% were advertised towards children. Regarding the presence of LCS and added sugars, 7.3% of products presented that combination, with 14.6% of those having child-directed FOP advertising. The food groups with the highest prevalence of LCS were: sugary drinks (juices, nectars, fruit-flavored drinks, sodas and other beverages) (40.6%), breakfast cereals and granola bars (31.6%), and sweetened dairy products (23.5%). From those, 5.5%, 6.7% and 17.1%, accordingly, were advertised towards children. Conclusions In this sample, 9% of the foods contained LCS or a combination of LCS and added sugars. In products advertised towards children, we found higher rates of products with LCS and greater presence of LCS in beverages, breakfast cereals and granola bars with children-directed advertising. Key messages This study demonstrates that almost 9% of Brazilian packaged foods have LCS, and that 7% have both LCS and added sugars. In products advertised towards children, such rates were higher (13 - 15%). A clearer information on the front-of-package of foods and beverages regarding the presence of LCS in Brazil is necessary, particularly among those products advertised towards children.

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Where are the low-calorie sweeteners? An analysis of the presence and types of low-calorie sweeteners in packaged foods sold in Brazil from food labelling

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s136898001700283x ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 21 (03) ◽

pp. 447-453 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Luiza dos Santos Figueiredo ◽

Tailane Scapin ◽

Ana Carolina Fernandes ◽

Rossana Pacheco da Costa Proença

Keyword(s):

Food Group ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Food Groups ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Low Calorie ◽

Brazil Current ◽

High Prevalence ◽

Packaged Foods ◽

Packaged Food ◽

Milk And Dairy Products

AbstractObjectiveStudies have shown that consumption of low-calorie sweeteners (LCS) may be associated with harmful health effects. The current study investigated the presence and types of LCS added to packaged foods.DesignCross-sectional study analysing the presence and types of LCS in the ingredients lists of packaged foods sold at a major Brazilian supermarket. To identify types of LCS allowed for use in foods in Brazil, current legislation was consulted. Data were organised and analysed through descriptive statistics, presenting simple and relative frequencies of LCS presence categorised by food group.SettingSupermarket in Florianópolis, southern Brazil.SubjectsPackaged food products (n4539) from eight food groups.ResultsOne or more LCS were found in 602 (13·3 %) of the packaged foods analysed. There were 1329 citations of LCS among these foods, with a mean of 2·2 sweeteners per food. Groups with the highest frequency of foods containing LCS were: products with energy derived from carbohydrates and fats (25·0 %); milk and dairy products (11·7 %); bakery products, cereals, legumes, roots and tubers (11·2 %); and fruits, juices, nectars and fruit drinks (8·3 %).ConclusionsThere was high prevalence of packaged foods with LCS, especially in food groups that form the basis of the Brazilian diet. The study was the first to extensively analyse the presence and types of LCS in packaged foods available for sale in a Brazilian supermarket and can be useful to monitor the use of LCS in these foods, as well as to support future changes in legislation to label sugars.

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Trans Fat Labeling Information on Brazilian Packaged Foods

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu11092130 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (9) ◽

pp. 2130 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Camila Zancheta Ricardo ◽

Isabela Mateus Peroseni ◽

Laís Amaral Mais ◽

Ana Paula Bortoletto Martins ◽

Ana Clara Duran

Keyword(s):

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Trans Fat ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Trans Fats ◽

Food And Beverages ◽

Fat Consumption ◽

Hydrogenated Fats ◽

Packaged Foods ◽

Packaged Food ◽

Nutrition Facts Panel

Although the adverse effects of trans fat consumption are well documented, industrially-produced trans fats are still used in a variety of food products. Our objective was to investigate the presence of trans fat information on the nutrition facts panel, in the list of ingredients, and the use of trans fat claims in packaged food and beverages marketed in Brazil. This was a cross-sectional study that used data from packaged food and beverages available in the five supermarket chains with the largest market share in Brazil. Of the 11,434 products that were analyzed, 81.3% did not present a source of trans fats in the list of ingredients. The percentages of products with specific (hydrogenated fats or oils) and unspecific trans fat terms (margarine, vegetable fat, and vegetable cream) in the list of ingredients were 4.1% and 14.6%, respectively. Bakery products, cookies and crackers, candies and desserts, snacks, and convenience foods had the highest percentages of trans fat claims. We also found claims in products with ingredients that are sources of trans fats. In conclusion, trans fat ingredients were found in almost one-fifth of the Brazilian packaged foods. The current Brazilian legislation is not sufficient to inform consumers about the content of trans fats in packaged foods. Along with measures to restrict the use of industrially-produced trans fats, improvements in nutritional labeling are also needed.

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Added Sugars and Low- and No-Calorie Sweeteners in a Representative Sample of Food Products Consumed by the Spanish ANIBES Study Population

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu10091265 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (9) ◽

pp. 1265 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

María Samaniego-Vaesken ◽

Emma Ruiz ◽

Teresa Partearroyo ◽

Javier Aranceta-Bartrina ◽

Ángel Gil ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Representative Sample ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Food Composition ◽

Soft Drinks ◽

Food Groups ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Added Sugars ◽

Dietary Record ◽

Food And Beverage ◽

Tablet Device

Low- and no-calorie sweeteners (LNCS), intensely sweet compounds that virtually contain no calories, are used to replace added sugars in food and drinks. Knowledge about different LNCS data in Spanish foods and added sugar sources in Spain is limited, therefore our aim was to identify and compare their presence across main food groups consumed. Food and beverage products (n = 434) were obtained from the ANIBES Study (anthropometric data, macronutrients and micronutrients intake, practice of physical activity, socioeconomic data and lifestyles), a cross-sectional study of a representative sample of the Spanish population (9–75 years old; n = 2009) carried out in 2013. Food records were obtained from a three-day dietary record using a tablet device. Label data from 1,164 products of different brands were collected and reviewed for content of added sugars and LNCS. LNCS were present in diet soft drinks (100%), “other sweets” (89%), soya drinks (45%), and yogurt and fermented milks (18%). Added sugars were present mainly in sugar soft drinks (100%), energy drinks (96%), sports drinks (96%), bakery and pastry (100%), chocolates (100%), ice cream (100%), breakfast cereals/bars (96%) and jams (89%). Main LNCS were acesulfame K, aspartame, cyclamate and sucralose. Sucrose, dextrose, glucose-fructose syrup, caramel and honey were the main added sugars. Our results show the diversity of foods groups including these ingredients. These data are not compiled in food composition databases, which should be periodically updated to include LNCS and added sugars to facilitate their assessment and monitoring in nutritional surveys.

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Use of added sugars in packaged foods sold in Brazil

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980018002148 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 21 (18) ◽

pp. 3328-3334 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Tailane Scapin ◽

Ana Carolina Fernandes ◽

Adilson dos Anjos ◽

Rossana Pacheco da Costa Proença

Keyword(s):

Supplementary Information ◽

Food Groups ◽

Food Label ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Added Sugar ◽

Added Sugars ◽

Glucose Syrup ◽

Packaged Foods ◽

Packaged Food ◽

Sectional Analysis

AbstractObjectiveStudies have shown that the consumption of added sugars may be associated with harmful health effects. The present study investigated the presence and types of added sugars in packaged foods.DesignCross-sectional analysis of the presence and types of added sugars in the ingredients lists of packaged foods sold in a major Brazilian supermarket. The nomenclature of ingredients classified as added sugars and their frequency were identified. Data were organised and analysed through descriptive statistics: absolute and relative frequencies of the presence of added sugars categorised by food groups were calculated, and ingredients were analysed by text mining using R statistical environment.SettingA supermarket in Florianópolis, a metropolis in southern Brazil.SubjectsPackaged food products (n 4539) classified into eight groups.ResultsOf the 4539 products, 71 % had some type of added sugar. The group with the highest frequency of added sugars was ‘products in which carbohydrates and fats are the main energy source’ (93 %). Food groups containing predominantly salty foods had a high frequency of added sugars, such as ‘meats and eggs’ (61 %). In total, 179 different terms for added sugars were identified, of which sugar, maltodextrin and glucose syrup were the most frequent.ConclusionsMost of the packaged foods sold in Brazil contain added sugars, which may hamper adherence to the recommendation of limiting added sugars intake. The data may be useful for monitoring tendencies in the use of added sugars in packaged foods and as supplementary information to support the improvement of food label regulations.

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FOOD CONSUMPTION OF CHILDREN AGED 1 TO 5 IN PHUOC VINH WARD, HUE CITY BY 24 HOURS FOOD RECORDING

Journal of Medicine and Pharmacy ◽

10.34071/jmp.2015.4_5.21 ◽

2015 ◽

pp. 153-161

Author(s):

Thi Bach Yen Hoang ◽

Thi Hai Pham ◽

Dinh Tuyen Hoang ◽

Thi Huong Le ◽

Van Thang Vo

Keyword(s):

Total Energy ◽

Food Consumption ◽

Economic Status ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Food Groups ◽

Food Record ◽

Related Factors ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Food Consumption Survey ◽

Food Consumed

Food consumption survey is an essential parts of nutrition surveys. It helps to determine the type and quantity of food consumed, assessing the balance of the diet, the relationship between nutrient intake and health, diseases, and economic status, culture society... There are many methods to investigate food consumption. 24-hour food record is a method that record all food consumed by the subject during previous 24 hours. Using this method in chidren helps to assess the their diet to see if it responses the demand in order to have proper nutrition. Objectives: 1. Calculating the number of each food groups consumed within 24 hours of children 1 to 5 years in Phuoc Vinh ward, Hue City; 2. Assessing the quality of their diet and some related factors. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was implemented on 200 pairs of children aged 1 to 5 and parents or caregivers living in Phuoc Vinh ward, Hue city and some related factors. Results: 82% of the children’s diets covered 4 food groups. Prevalence of glucide, protein, lipide out of the total energy intake were 44.1%, 19.5%, 36.3% respectively within group of 12-<48 months and 50%, 19.5%, 30.6% respectively within group of 48-<72 months. Total energy and protein intake were higher than demanded (p <0.05) while glucide and lipide were lower than demanded (p <0.05). Economical status of family was significant associated with variety of food (all 4 food groups) in the diet of children (p <0.05) and total energy consumed (p <0.05). Conclusion: The children did not have proper nutrition so further research need to be implemented to have suitable interventions. Key words: 24 hours food records, children aged 1 to 5, Hue city.

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Contribution of food groups to energy, grams and nutrients-to-limit: The Latin American Study of Nutrition and Health/Estudio Latino Americano de Nutrición y Salud (ELANS)

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s136898002100152x ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-34

Author(s):

Regina Mara Fisberg ◽

Ana Carolina Barco Leme ◽

Ágatha Nogueira Previdelli ◽

Aline Veroneze de Mello ◽

Angela Martinez Arroyo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Latin American ◽

Saturated Fatty Acids ◽

Food Sources ◽

American Study ◽

Food Groups ◽

Latin American Study ◽

Nutrition And Health ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Added Sugars ◽

Latin Americans

ABSTRACT Objective: To quantify the energy, nutrients-to-limit and total gram amount consumed, and identify their top food sources consumed by Latin Americans. Design: Data from The Latin American Study of Nutrition and Health (ELANS). Setting: ELANS is a cross-sectional study representative of eight Latin American countries: Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela. Participants: Two 24h dietary recalls on non-consecutive days were used to estimate usual dietary intake of 9218 participants with ages between 15-65years. “What We Eat in America” food classification system developed by USDA was adapted and used to classify all food items consumed by the ELANS population. Food sources of energy, added sugars, saturated fatty acids (SFA), sodium and total gram amount consumed were identified and ranked based on percentage contribution to intake of total amount. Results: Three-highest ranked food categories of total energy consumed were: rice (10.3%), yeast breads (6.9%), and turnovers and other grain-based items (6.8%). Highest ranked food sources of total gram amount consumed were: fruit drinks (9.6%), other 100% juice (9.3%), and rice (8.3%). Three highest ranked sources for added sugars were: other 100% juice (24.1%), fruit drinks (16.5%), and sugar and honey (12.4%). SFA ranked foods were: turnovers and other grain-based (12.6%), cheese (11.9%), and pizza (10.3%). Three top sources of sodium were: rice (13.9%), soups (9.1%), and rice mixed dishes (7.3%). Conclusion: Identification of top sources of energy and nutrients-to-limit among Latin Americans is critical for designing strategies to help them meet nutrient recommendations within energy needs.

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Validation of an interviewer-administered seven-day semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire for the dietary assessment of preschool children in rural Bangladesh

Journal of Nutritional Science ◽

10.1017/jns.2021.19 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 ◽

Author(s):

Sabuktagin Rahman ◽

Patricia Lee ◽

Santhia Ireen ◽

Moudud ur-Rahman Khan ◽

Faruk Ahmed

Keyword(s):

Food Frequency Questionnaire ◽

Statistical Tests ◽

Dietary Assessment ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Preschool Age ◽

Food Groups ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Food Frequency ◽

Preschool Age Children ◽

Absolute Agreement

Abstract A validation study of an interviewer-administered, seven-day semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (7-d SQFFQ) was conducted in Bangladeshi rural preschool age children. Using a cross-sectional study design, 105 children from 103 households were randomly selected. For the SQFFQ, a list of commonly consumed foods was adapted from the Bangladesh national micronutrient survey 2011–12. The data on the actual number of times and the amount of the children's consumption of the foods in the preceding 1 week were collected by interviewing the mothers. The intake was compared with two non-consecutive days 24-h dietary recalls conducted within 2 weeks after the SQFFQ. Validity was assessed by the standard statistical tests. After adjusting for the energy intake and de-attenuation for within-subject variation, the food groups (cereals, animal source foods, milk and the processed foods) had ‘good’ correlations between the methods (rho 0⋅65–0⋅93; P < 0⋅001). Similarly, the macronutrients (carbohydrate, protein and fats) had ‘good’ correlations (rho 0⋅50–0⋅75; P < 0⋅001) and the key micronutrients (iron, zinc, calcium, vitamin A, etc.) demonstrated ‘good’ correlations (rho 0⋅46–0⋅85; P < 0⋅001). The variation in classifying the two extreme quintiles by the SQFFQ and the 24-h recalls was <10 %. The results from Lin's concordance coefficients showed a ‘moderate’ to ‘excellent’ absolute agreement between the two methods for food groups, and nutrients (0⋅21–0⋅90; P < 0⋅001). This interviewer-administered, 7-d SQFFQ with an open-ended intake frequency demonstrated adequate validity to assess the dietary intake for most nutrients and suitable for dietary assessments of young children in Bangladesh.

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Dietary acculturation of international students in Pune, India: a cross-sectional study

Nutrition and Health ◽

10.1177/02601060211019678 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 026010602110196

Author(s):

Mahnaaz Mahmoodi ◽

Roopan Miriam George ◽

Devaki Gokhale

Keyword(s):

International Students ◽

Nutritional Status ◽

Dietary Intake ◽

Dietary Behavior ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Portion Size ◽

Dietary Acculturation ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

African Students ◽

Packaged Food

Background: Dietary acculturation refers to how a migrant group adopts the eating patterns of the host country. It results in changes in dietary behavior, dietary intake, and nutritional status of this vulnerable group. Aim: To study dietary acculturation of international students in Pune, India. Methods: International students from three Universities in Pune were enrolled. Information on demography, dietary behavior, and dietary intake (using a food frequency questionnaire) was recorded using an interviewer-administered questionnaire. The height and weight of the students were measured using standard, calibrated equipment. The data were analyzed using descriptive and analytical statistics. Results: A total of 100 international students from Iran, Africa, and South Korea were grouped by nationality. Considerable variation was detected in the daily number of meals consumed, skipping meals, portion size changes, packaged food consumption, and supplement intake following migration between the groups. The intake of non-vegetarian food had declined drastically for all groups. However, the specific non-vegetarian item showing the greatest change differed according to the group’s nationality. The intake of biscuits and cake had increased among all groups. African students showed an increase of 3.33 kg in body weight following migration. The intake of protein and micronutrients declined for all groups. Conclusions: This study highlights the changes in dietary behavior, dietary intake, and nutritional status of international students of different nationalities following migration to Pune, India. Thus, it emphasizes the need for nutrition interventions in international students in India.

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Sources of excessive saturated fat, trans fat and sugar consumption in Brazil: an analysis of the first Brazilian nationwide individual dietary survey

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980012004892 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

pp. 113-121 ◽

Cited By ~ 50

Author(s):

Rosangela A Pereira ◽

Kiyah J Duffey ◽

Rosely Sichieri ◽

Barry M Popkin

Keyword(s):

Total Energy ◽

Energy Intake ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Family Income ◽

Saturated Fat ◽

Total Sugar ◽

Total Energy Intake ◽

Food Groups ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Added Sugars

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the patterns of consumption of foods high in solid fats and added sugars (SoFAS) in Brazil.DesignCross-sectional study; individual dietary intake survey. Food intake was assessed by means of two non-consecutive food records. Foods providing >9·1 % of energy from saturated fat, or >1·3 % of energy from trans fat, or >13 % of energy from added sugars per 100 g were classified as high in SoFAS.SettingBrazilian nationwide survey, 2008–2009.SubjectsIndividuals aged ≥10 years old.ResultsMean daily energy intake was 8037 kJ (1921 kcal), 52 % of energy came from SoFAS foods. Contribution of SoFAS foods to total energy intake was higher among women (52 %) and adolescents (54 %). Participants in rural areas (43 %) and in the lowest quartile of per capita family income (43 %) reported the smallest contribution of SoFAS foods to total energy intake. SoFAS foods were large contributors to total saturated fat (87 %), trans fat (89 %), added sugar (98 %) and total sugar (96 %) consumption. The SoFAS food groups that contributed most to total energy intake were meats and beverages. Top SoFAS foods contributing to saturated fat and trans fat intakes were meats and fats and oils. Most of the added and total sugar in the diet was supplied by SoFAS beverages and sweets and desserts.ConclusionsSoFAS foods play an important role in the Brazilian diet. The study identifies options for improving the Brazilian diet and reducing nutrition-related non-communicable chronic diseases, but also points out some limitations of the nutrient-based criteria.

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