scholarly journals Perceived treatment and unmet need for medical care among people of foreign origin in Finland

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
L Somersalo ◽  
P Kankkunen ◽  
H Kuusio
Keyword(s):  
Medical Care ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Equal Treatment ◽  
International Studies ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Medical Settings ◽  
Foreign Origin ◽  
Gp Services

Abstract Background Previous international studies show that perceived unjust treatment is relatively common among people with foreign background (PFB) in medical services. This study examines the association between unjust treatment in medical settings and unmet need for general practitioner's (GP) services among PFB in Finland. Methods The data for this study were drawn from Survey on work and well-being among people of foreign origin (UTH) (N = 5449, response rate 66%), conducted in 2014-2015. Respondent characteristics were weighted and summarized, and multivariable logistic regressions were performed to assess the adjusted odds ratios (OR) of association between self-assessed unjust treatment and unmet need for medical care. The analyses were conducted in a three-step process where the first model tested the association between unjust treatment in medical care settings and unmet need for GP services, second model adjusted this association by sociodemographic factors, and the third model further adjusted the previous models by migration related factors. Results PFB reporting unjust treatment were significantly more likely to experience unmet need for GP services, even after controlling for other tested factors (OR = 8.73, 95% CI 6.18-12.33, p<.001). Besides unjust treatment, only employment status was associated with unmet need for GP services (OR = 1.43, 95% CI 1.08-1.89, p = 0.123) in the final model. Immigration related factors were not associated with unmet need for care in this model. Conclusions Perceived unjust treatment in medical settings is strongly associated with unmet need for GP services. Key messages Cultural sensitive treatment could affect the inequities in unmet need for GP services between PFB and overall population. Ensuring cultural competence throughout organizational structures, and not just for individual employees, could create an environment to promote equal treatment of all clients.

scholarly journals The Association Between the Perceived Unjust Treatment in Healthcare Settings and the Unmet Need for General Practitioner Services Among People With Foreign Background in Finland

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Somersalo ◽  
Päivi Kankkunen ◽  
Eero Lilja ◽  
Päivikki Koponen ◽  
Hannamaria Kuusio
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
General Practitioner ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Equal Treatment ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Health Care Settings ◽  
Healthcare Settings ◽  
Gp Services

Abstract Background: Unjust experiences are relatively common among people with foreign background (PFB) in Finland. Despite universal access to public health care, previous studies have shown inequities in the unmet need for medical care between immigrants and the general population. This study examines the association between unjust treatment in healthcare settings and unmet need for general practitioner (GP) services among PFB. Method: The data for this study were drawn from Survey on work and well-being among people of foreign origin (UTH) (n = 4977, response rate 66%). The respondent characteristics were weighted and summarized, and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the adjusted odds ratios (OR) of association between perceived unjust treatment and unmet need for GP services. The analyses were conducted in a four-step process where the first model tested the association between unjust treatment in health care settings and unmet need for GP services, second model adjusted this association by sociodemographic factors, third model was further adjusted by migration related factors, and the fourth model adjusted the previous models even further by health related factors.Results: The results of multivariate regression showed that PFB reporting unjust treatment were also significantly more likely to report an unmet need for GP services. The difference remained significant even after controlling for other tested factors (OR=8.68, 95% CI 6.09-12.36, p<.001). In addition to perceived unjust treatment, only younger age, lower self-rated health and existing long-term illness were significantly associated with unmet need for medical care in the final, fully adjusted model.Conclusions: Thus, perceived unjust treatment in health care settings is significantly associated with unmet need for general practitioner services. Ensuring cultural competence throughout the entire organizational structures creates an environment to promote equal treatment for all clients. The overall costs can be reduced effectively by giving the best possible treatment for all health care users.

scholarly journals Unmet need for medical care among people of foreign origin in Finland

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
H Kuusio ◽  
P Koponen ◽  
A Castaneda ◽  
E Lilja ◽  
K Manderbacka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Care ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Foreign Origin

scholarly journals Exploring the Occupational Balance of Young Adults during Social Distancing Measures in the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 5809
Author(s):  
Paula Rodríguez-Fernández ◽  
Josefa González-Santos ◽  
Mirian Santamaría-Peláez ◽  
Raúl Soto-Cámara ◽  
Jerónimo J. González-Bernal
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Young People ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Social Distancing

(1) Background: A balanced life is related to good health in young people, one of the groups most affected by confinement and social distancing measures during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to explore the occupational balance of young adults during home confinement and its association with different sociodemographic factors. (2) Methods: A cross-sectional study was designed, and an online survey was disseminated to collect sociodemographic and occupational balance data, using the Occupational Balance Questionnaire (OBQ). The statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS statistical software package version 24.0. (3) Results: 965 young adults between 18 and 30 years old participated in the study. A predictive model showed that the main predictors of a lower occupational balance were a negative self-perception (β= 0.377; p = <0.0001), student status (β = 0.521; p = 0.001), not receiving enough information (β = 0.951; p = 0.001) and long periods of quarantine (β = 0.036; p = 0.007). (4) Conclusions: Considering people’s occupational health and related factors could lessen many of the psychosocial consequences of isolation and contribute to the well-being of young people.

scholarly journals Reducing unmet need for contraceptive services among youth in Homabay and Narok counties, Kenya: the role of community health volunteers – a qualitative study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hermen Ormel ◽  
George Oele ◽  
Maryse Kok ◽  
Happiness Oruko ◽  
Beatrice Oluoch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Community Health ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Married Couples ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Community Health Volunteers ◽  
Contraceptive Services

Abstract Background Access to contraceptive services is a cornerstone of human well-being. While Community Health Volunteers (CHVs) promote family planning in Kenya, the unmet need for contraceptives among youth remains high. CHVs seem to pay little specific attention to the contraceptive needs of the youth. Methods We conducted a qualitative study exploring the role of CHVs in increasing access and uptake of contraceptive services among youth aged 18–24 years in Narok and Homabay Counties, Kenya. We undertook 37 interviews and 15 focus group discussions involving CHVs, youth, community members, community leaders, youth leaders and health programme managers. Data were recorded, transcribed, translated, coded and thematically analysed, according to a framework that included community, CHV and health system-related factors. Results CHVs often operated in traditional contexts that challenge contraceptive use among unmarried female and male youth and young married couples. Yet many CHVs seemed to have overcome this potential ‘barrier’ as well as reigning misconceptions about contraceptives. While private and facility-based public contraceptive services were somehow available, CHVs were the preferred service provider for many youth due to ease of access and saving time and transport costs. This was influenced by varied perceptions among youth of CHVs’ knowledge, skills and attitudes regarding contraceptives and provider-client interaction, and specifically their commitment to maintain confidentiality. Conclusions CHVs have the potential to increase access to contraceptives for young people, reducing unmet need for contraceptives. Their knowledge, skills and attitudes need strengthening through training and supervision, while incentives to motivate them and broadening the range of contraceptives they are allowed to offer should be considered.

Clinical trials — the personal perspective of the research physician?

2020 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 256-263
Author(s):  
Maria Y. Egorova ◽  
Irina A. Shuvalova ◽  
Olga I. Zvonareva ◽  
Igor D. Pimenov ◽  
Olga S. Kobyakova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Study Drug ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Personal Perspective ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
To Receive

Background. The organization of clinical trials (CTs) requires the participation and coordination of healthcare providers, patients, public and private parties. Obstacles to the participation of any of these groups pose a risk of lowering the potential for the implementation of CTs. Researchers are a key human resource in conducting of CT. Their motivation for participation can have a significant impact on the recruitment and retention of patients, on the quality of the data collected, which determines the overall outcome of the study. Aims to assess the factors affecting the inclusion of Russian physicians-researchers in CT, and to determine their role in relations with patients-participants. Materials and methods. The study was organized as a part of the Russian multicenter face-to-face study. A survey was conducted of researchers from 10 cities of Russia (20172018). The participation in the survey for doctors was anonymous and voluntary. Results. The study involved 78 respondents. Most research doctors highly value the importance of research for science (4,84 0,39), society (4,67 0,46) and slightly lower for participating patients (4,44 0,61). The expectations of medical researchers are related to improving their financial situation and attaining new experience (n = 14; 18,18%). However, the opportunity to work with new technologies of treatment and diagnosis (n = 41; 52,56%) acted as a motivating factor. According to the questionnaire, the vast majority of research doctors (n = 29; 37,18%) believe that the main reason for patients to participate in CT is to receive quality and free medical care. The most significant obstacle to the inclusion of participants in CT was the side effects of the study drug (n = 38; 48,71%). Conclusions. The potential of clinical researchers in Russia is very high. The patient-participant acts for the research doctor as the subject of the study, and not the object, so the well-being of the patient is not indifferent to the doctor. However, the features of the functioning of our health care system form the motivation of doctors-researchers (additional earnings, professional self-development) and the way they perceive the motivation of patients (CT as an opportunity to receive quality medical care).

Health and Medicine in the Islamic Tradition

1990 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-90
Author(s):  
Dennis Michael Warren
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Islamic Tradition ◽  
Medical Tradition ◽  
Islamic Thought ◽  
History Of ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The late Dr. Fazlur Rahman, Harold H. Swift Distinguished Service Professor of Islamic Thought at the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago, has written this book as number seven in the series on Health/Medicine and the Faith Traditions. This series has been sponsored as an interfaith program by The Park Ridge Center, an Institute for the study of health, faith, and ethics. Professor Rahman has stated that his study is "an attempt to portray the relationship of Islam as a system of faith and as a tradition to human health and health care: What value does Islam attach to human well-being-spiritual, mental, and physical-and what inspiration has it given Muslims to realize that value?" (xiii). Although he makes it quite clear that he has not attempted to write a history of medicine in Islam, readers will find considerable depth in his treatment of the historical development of medicine under the influence of Islamic traditions. The book begins with a general historical introduction to Islam, meant primarily for readers with limited background and understanding of Islam. Following the introduction are six chapters devoted to the concepts of wellness and illness in Islamic thought, the religious valuation of medicine in Islam, an overview of Prophetic Medicine, Islamic approaches to medical care and medical ethics, and the relationship of the concepts of birth, contraception, abortion, sexuality, and death to well-being in Islamic culture. The basis for Dr. Rahman's study rests on the explication of the concepts of well-being, illness, suffering, and destiny in the Islamic worldview. He describes Islam as a system of faith with strong traditions linking that faith with concepts of human health and systems for providing health care. He explains the value which Islam attaches to human spiritual, mental, and physical well-being. Aspects of spiritual medicine in the Islamic tradition are explained. The dietary Jaws and other orthodox restrictions are described as part of Prophetic Medicine. The religious valuation of medicine based on the Hadith is compared and contrasted with that found in the scientific medical tradition. The history of institutionalized medical care in the Islamic World is traced to awqaf, pious endowments used to support health services, hospices, mosques, and educational institutions. Dr. Rahman then describes the ...

scholarly journals Exploring the Frequency of Anxiety and Depression Symptoms in a Brazilian Sample during the COVID-19 Outbreak

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 4847
Author(s):  
Fabiana Silva Ribeiro ◽  
Flávia H. Santos ◽  
Luis Anunciação ◽  
Lucas Barrozo ◽  
Jesus Landeira-Fernandez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health Professionals ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Brazilian Sample

The COVID-19 pandemic is a public health emergency of international concern, and the main measures to contain the spread of the coronavirus causing COVID-19 were social distancing, quarantine, and self-isolation. Although these policies are effective in containing the spread of the virus, they might represent a challenge to psychological well-being, increasing levels of depressive and anxiety-related symptoms. Aims: We explored the frequency of anxiety and depression symptoms during COVID-19 restrictions and associations with sociodemographic factors in a Brazilian sample. Method: Data of a total of 936 Brazilian adults (68.2% women) aged 18 to 77 years old (M = 38.95, SD = 13.91) were collected through an online survey. Results: In general, we observed a frequency of 17.36% for severe anxiety and 66.13% for severe depression symptoms, in which younger participants (18–39 years old) and women showed higher scores in anxiety and depression scales compared to older age groups. Logistic regressions showed that women were more likely to present severe symptoms of anxiety (20.4%) compared to men (10.9%), as well as respondents in the educational sector (24.3%) compared to those in the health sector (10%). Conclusions: We highlight the importance of mental health professionals in developing strategies to help younger adults to mitigate the effects of social restriction.

scholarly journals Associations of Sociodemographic Factors and Health Behaviors with the Emotional Well-Being of Adolescents during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 6160
Author(s):  
Célia Landmann Szwarcwald ◽  
Deborah Carvalho Malta ◽  
Marilisa Berti de Azevedo Barros ◽  
Paulo Roberto Borges de Souza Júnior ◽  
Dália Romero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
School Closures ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Socioeconomic Vulnerability

This cross-sectional study utilizes data from a nationwide web-based survey aimed to identify the factors affecting the emotional well-being of Brazilian adolescents aged 12–17 during the period of school closures and confinement. Data collection took place from 27 June to 17 September 2020. We used the “virtual snowball” sampling method, and students from private and public schools were included. A total of 9470 adolescents were analyzed. A hierarchical logistic regression model was used to find the factors associated with reporting at least two of three self-reported problems—sadness, irritability, and sleep problems. The main proximal factor was loneliness (AdjOR = 8.12 p < 0.001). Problems related to school closures also played an important role. Regular intake of fruits and vegetables, as well as physical activity, demonstrated a positive influence on emotional well-being, while excessive screen time (AdjOR = 2.05, p < 0.001) and alcohol consumption negatively affected outcomes (AdjOR = 1.73, p < 0.001). As for distal variables, less affluent adolescents were the most affected, and males reported fewer emotional problems than females. Uncertainty regarding the disease in a context of socioeconomic vulnerability, together with rises in unhealthy behaviors and isolation from their immediate social circles, have negatively affected adolescents’ emotional status throughout the COVID-19 pandemic.

scholarly journals Identification and inclusion of gender factors in retrospective cohort studies: the GOING-FWD framework

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. e005413
Author(s):  
Valeria Raparelli ◽  
Colleen M. Norris ◽  
Uri Bender ◽  
Maria Trinidad Herrero ◽  
Alexandra Kautzky-Willer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Outcome Measurement ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Synthetic Data ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Pooled Analysis ◽  
Research Network ◽  
Local Analysis ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Measurement Framework ◽  
Definition Of

Gender refers to the socially constructed roles, behaviours, expressions and identities of girls, women, boys, men and gender diverse people. Gender-related factors are seldom assessed as determinants of health outcomes, despite their powerful contribution. The Gender Outcomes INternational Group: to Further Well-being Development (GOING-FWD) project developed a standard five-step methodology applicable to retrospectively identify gender-related factors and assess their relationship to outcomes across selected cohorts of non-communicable chronic diseases from Austria, Canada, Spain, Sweden. Step 1 (identification of gender-related variables): Based on the gender framework of the Women Health Research Network (ie, identity, role, relations and institutionalised gender), and available literature for a certain disease, an optimal ‘wish-list’ of gender-related variables was created and discussed by experts. Step 2 (definition of outcomes): Data dictionaries were screened for clinical and patient-relevant outcomes, using the International Consortium for Health Outcome Measurement framework. Step 3 (building of feasible final list): a cross-validation between variables per database and the ‘wish-list’ was performed. Step 4 (retrospective data harmonisation): The harmonisation potential of variables was evaluated. Step 5 (definition of data structure and analysis): The following analytic strategies were identified: (1) local analysis of data not transferable followed by a meta-analysis combining study-level estimates; (2) centrally performed federated analysis of data, with the individual-level participant data remaining on local servers; (3) synthesising the data locally and performing a pooled analysis on the synthetic data and (4) central analysis of pooled transferable data. The application of the GOING-FWD multistep approach can help guide investigators to analyse gender and its impact on outcomes in previously collected data.

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