scholarly journals Prescription of physical activity: knowledge and needs among general practitioners of Ile-de-France

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Astruc ◽  
J C Blanchard
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
General Practitioners ◽  
Sports Medicine ◽  
Major Obstacle ◽  
Medical Prescription ◽  
Specific Skill ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Attending Physician

Abstract Background Physical inactivity is the fourth leading cause of death in the world. The concept of medical prescription of physical activity (PA) adapted now appears in a law, which specifies the central role of the family physician. The needs of the general practitioners (GP) about prescription of PA have not been studied. Aim To assess the knowledge and needs of GPs regarding the medical prescription of PA. Methods This is a transversal observational epidemiological study of GPs working in the departments of Hauts-de-Seine (92) and Val-de-Marne (94) near Paris. A questionnaire was sent by mail or email. Results One hundred and fifty-eight physicians were included. A total of 72.2% of GPs rated their knowledge in PA as average to very poor. The initial training in PA is estimated as unsatisfactory by 84.2% of GPs. A total of 81.6% haven't done a postgraduate additional training in PA. A specific skill in sports medicine, the individual practice of PA as well as the speaking about PA in more than 50% of consultations are significantly associated with a feeling of competence in PA prescription (P < 0.01). Among the measures favoring the prescription of PA, GPs told that they need information brochures to give to the patient (60.8%), a website of help to the prescription of PA which can be used in consultation (60.1%), or the organization of a specific training on the medical prescription of AP (50.6%). Conclusions The lack of training seems to be the major obstacle to the generalization of prescription of PA. The organization of training or the creation of specific tools for the attending physician seems to be promising solutions. Key messages The lack of training seems to be the major obstacle to the generalization of prescription of PA. Organization of training or the creation of specific tools for the attending physician seems to be promising solutions.

scholarly journals General practitioners’ views on the role of pedometers in health promotion

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asmita Patel ◽  
Gregory Kolt ◽  
Grant Schofield ◽  
Justin Keogh
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
General Practitioners ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Step Counts ◽  
Walking Activity ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Primary Care Practices ◽  
Active Patients

INTRODUCTION: Regular pedometer use can help initiate and maintain regular walking activity that can lead to a number of health-related benefits. The primary health care setting has been found to be an ideal venue in which to counsel low-active individuals for physical activity. AIM: To examine general practitioners’ (GPs) views on the role of pedometers in health promotion. METHODS: Fifteen GPs working in urban, primary care practices in Auckland, New Zealand were individually interviewed. The interview schedule focused on physical activity counselling and the Green Prescription programme. For this sub-study, the focus was on questions relating to pedometer use. An inductive thematic approach was used to analyse the data. FINDINGS: Four main themes were identified. Pedometers were viewed as motivational devices that could be used to encourage low-active patients to become more active, as they provided feedback on step counts. A pedometer was also viewed as a self-management tool, whereby the individual could set daily step count goals, which in turn could help increase their physical activity engagement. GPs who currently wore a pedometer discussed the practicalities of being able to show a patient how to use a pedometer. Also discussed was how cost could restrict pedometer access for some patients. CONCLUSIONS: Pedometers were viewed by GPs as being helpful devices that could help motivate and support low-active patients in becoming more active. Information regarding step counts was seen as important because it could make people aware how little physical activity they were engaging in. KEYWORDS: General practitioners; health promotion; sedentary lifestyle; walking

Peace is Everything: An Examination of the Bahá’í Faith’s Concept of Peace

2020 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 242-259
Author(s):  
Hoda Mahmoudi
Keyword(s):  
Science And Religion ◽  
Dynamic Effects ◽  
Baha'i Faith ◽  
The World ◽  
Peace And Security ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Global Peace ◽  
The Individual

This paper describes the central role of peace in the Bahá’í Faith. For Bahá’ís, peace begins at the level of the individual and migrates outward to the community, nation, and the world. The article explains how the Bahá’í Faith outlines a covenant – an agreement between Bahá’ís and between Bahá’ís and the world – made manifest in an Administrative Order in which the ascertainment of peaceful principles and the establishment of peaceful practices are developed. The paper explains how concepts like the oneness of humanity, the symbiosis between science and religion, and the unity of religion and God combine with ideals like justice, equality, and consultation to form a Bahá’í approach to the creation and maintenance of peace. Integration and disintegration – broad-structured, dynamic effects that shift societies and the world – will help to usher in two main aspects of a present and future Bahá’í order: the Lesser Peace and the Most Great Peace. The Lesser Peace is defined by the efforts of nations and international actors to form a broad-based, global peace. The Most Great Peace describes the arrival and ascendance of the Bahá’í Administrative Order, which will result in an unprecedented level of global peace and security.

Presentations of Authorship in Knowledge Organization

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 486-500
Author(s):  
Carlin Soos ◽  
Gregory H. Leazer
Keyword(s):  
Creative Process ◽  
Knowledge Organization ◽  
Personal Networks ◽  
Knowledge Organization Systems ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Legal Professional ◽  
The Individual ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Relational Representation

The “author” is a concept central to many publication and documentation practices, often carrying legal, professional, social, and personal importance. Typically viewed as the solitary owner of their creations, a person is held responsible for their work and positioned to receive the praise and criticism that may emerge in its wake. Although the role of the individual within creative production is undeniable, literary (Foucault 1977; Bloom 1997) and knowledge organization (Moulaison et. al. 2014) theorists have challenged the view that the work of one person can-or should-be fully detached from their professional and personal networks. As these relationships often provide important context and reveal the role of community in the creation of new things, their absence from catalog records presents a falsely simplified view of the creative process. Here, we address the consequences of what we call the “author-as-owner” concept and suggest that an “author-as-node” approach, which situates an author within their networks of influence, may allow for more relational representation within knowledge organization systems, a framing that emphasizes rather than erases the messy complexities that affect the production of new objects and ideas.

scholarly journals PERSPECTIVES FOR COMPETITION IN THE HEALTHCARE INDUSTRY

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 1643-1648
Author(s):  
Yuliyan Velkov
Keyword(s):  
Value Creation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Competitive Interaction ◽  
Patient Choice ◽  
Healthcare Industry ◽  
Healthcare Experiences ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Individual

A paradox has been established in the modern healthcare industry - consumers can choose between many alternatives but with high uncertainty, while healthcare establishments have numerous possibilities, but they function in conditions of rigorous demand, globalization and large-scale technological efficiency. This requires a re-evaluation of the classical understanding of competition in value creation - healthcare effects (for patients) and financial gains (for the performance of medical and related activities). Today, competition can be explained as a competition for the creation, supply and realization of healthcare products and related services and goods. It is a dynamic process of competition and, in a more general sense, interaction between competing subjects under conditions of significant state interference. It reflects the modern perceptions of health, the improvement of biotechnology and pharmacy, the changed role of the patients - more and more informed, educated, active and united in thematic groups. For the realization with a focus on personal patient preferences, this embodies the characteristics of the interaction between the healthcare establishment and the patient. Competition integrates business logic and patient thinking. In the context of the concept of joint value creation, it covers the intense interactions between healthcare institutions and the individual. Competition in the healthcare industry is based on dialogue, access, risk assessment and transparency at every stage of value creation and realization. This is realized as a competitive interaction in the environment (network) from the influences of healthcare institutions and other producers of medical and non-medical services and goods, thematic associations and regulations. This is a rivalry in creating and offering healthcare products tailored to individual patient's views, preferences, expectations and financial capabilities. The prospects for a competitive race are a transition from competitiveness to competitive interaction. In parallel with the improvement of the operational efficiency of the medical institution, this imposes, the increasing individualization of the created healthcare products. This requires the development of an environment for shared healthcare experiences with the customer. Thus, the development of competition is connected with the realization of the competitive potential of the healthcare establishment through the prism of patient choice - joint creation of healthcare experience through many channels, through options, through transactions and at an appropriate price-to-experience ratio. Consequently, the competitiveness targeting passive patients in need of treatment is shifted from an effective healthcare establishment-to-patient interaction in order to jointly provide patient satisfaction. Competition is a race between dependant healthcare establishments; it is a rivalry between producers of healthcare effects interacting with patients among many environmental influences. Contemporary competition in the healthcare industry is a mechanism for jointly creating healthcare effects by interaction between a healthcare establishment and a patient with the active role of those in need of treatment. This is realized in the form of competition and co-operation in the course of the creation of individualized healthcare experiences. Competition combines a variety of subjective patient needs, medicinal product characteristics, and network experience qualities. As a guideline for improving competition, we can point to enhancing the quality of the environment, enhancing the possibility to take into account patient need heterogeneity, increasing adaptability to changes in demand, and enhancing capabilities to mobilize all potential competencies.

Ruolo della medicina dello sport nella prescrizione dell’attività fisica come profilassi e terapia

2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Sports Medicine ◽  
Lifestyle Modifications ◽  
Public Health Burden ◽  
Premature Deaths ◽  
Therapeutic Protocols

There is incontrovertible evidence of the benefits of regular physical activity in the primary and secondary prevention of several chronic diseases, on contrary a sedentary lifestyle can progress into a Sedentary Death Syndrome (SeDS), which is a major Public Health burden due to its causing multiple chronic diseases and a large amount of premature deaths each year. In Italy, Sports Medicine represents a fundamental reference for those practicing physical activity at competitive or non-competitive level; its purposes include: health care of the athletes practicing all kind of sports, through the pre-participation screening for elegibility (such screening constitutes an established medical programme that has been implemented for more than 30 years), and the promotion of diagnostic and therapeutic protocols to guarantee the state of health of individual at high risk or carrying a specific diagnosed disease. Substantial evidence emphasizes the role of physical therapy in terms of an individualized sport-therapy, in the prevention of cardiovascular, metabolic, musculoskeletal, respiratory, rheumathic and neoplastic diseases, improving the clinical condition or, when combined with lifestyle modifications, favouring concomitantly the control or the regression of the pathology. Regular physical exercise as a prophylactic and therapeutic tool, is strongly recommended to reduce morbidity and mortality, to improve quality of life and to limit Public Health medical expenses.

Genetic and Epigenetic Aspects of Obessity and Metabolic Syndrom in Child

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 3-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ludmila Viktorovna Tyrtova ◽  
Natalja Vladimirovna Parshina ◽  
Kristina Vladimirovna Skobeleva
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Early Childhood ◽  
Genetic Variants ◽  
Severe Obesity ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Epigenetic Factors ◽  
Early Prevention ◽  
The Individual

In a review article analyzes the role of heredity in the occurrence of obesity and metabolic syndrome. Debut of hyperphagia and severe obesity from early childhood are typical for monogenic forms and syndromes. Many nonspecific candidate-genes in combination form a polygenic basis for the accumulation of excess body fat, especially under the influence of irrational diet and low physical activity. Examined the role of epigenetic factors in the individual genetic variants in fetus, predisposing to obesity and metabolic syndrome after birth. Discuss the possibilities of early prevention of obesity and metabolic syndrome.

scholarly journals Role of Adjuvant and Posttreatment Exercise Programs in Breast Health

2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer A. Ligibel
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Sports Medicine ◽  
Breast Cancer Survivors ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Cancer Society ◽  
Breast Cancer Death

Growing evidence suggests that physical activity may be an important part of survivorship care for women with a history of breast cancer. Observational evidence suggests that women who are physically active after breast cancer diagnosis have a 30% to 50% lower risk of breast cancer recurrence, breast cancer death, and overall death compared with sedentary individuals. Although randomized controlled trials have not been performed to test the ability of exercise to improve outcomes in women with early-stage breast cancer, many small intervention studies have shown the safety and potential benefits of exercise in the adjuvant and posttreatment settings. These studies have shown that physical activity can be performed safely both during and after adjuvant treatment for breast cancer, and that women who increase physical activity in these settings experience improvements in fitness, strength, quality of life, and other end points. Although more research is needed to fully define the role of exercise in breast cancer survivors, the many proven benefits of physical activity have led the American Cancer Society and American College of Sports Medicine to encourage regular participation in moderate-intensity recreational activity for most breast cancer survivors. This article reviews the growing evidence that exercise could be an important part of breast cancer survivorship, and describes current exercise guidelines for breast cancer survivors.

Zeit, Tempus und Erzählperspektive in Kebir Ammis Sur les pas de Saint Augustin

2020 ◽  
Vol 132 (4) ◽  
pp. 439-466
Author(s):  
Martin Becker
Keyword(s):  
Crucial Role ◽  
Narrative Research ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The One ◽  
The Individual

This paper examines the crucial role of verbal tenses for the text constitution and, especially, for the creation of narrative perspectives in the tale about St. Augustin's life, Sur les pas de Saint Augustin, written by the contemporary ’Maghrebian‘ author Kebir Ammi. On the one hand, it will be explored how the different tenses contribute in a substantial way to the creation of narrative perspectives, respectively, to narrative focalizations. On the other hand, the importance of the tenses in the structuring and organization of the individual episodes will be highlighted and, last but not least, their contribution to the semiotic dimension of the text. Finally, in an overarching perspective, the article casts light on the narrative potential inherent in tense categories and on the relevance of a modern tense theory for narrative research.

Intractability from a Sociopsychological Approach

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Bar-Tal
Keyword(s):  
Social Identity ◽  
Collective Memory ◽  
Public Discourse ◽  
Major Obstacle ◽  
Cultural Products ◽  
Collective Levels ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Zero Sum ◽  
School Books

Intractable conflicts are defined as being protracted, violent, perceived as being of zero-sum nature and unsolvable, total, and central, and parties involved have an interest in their continuation; they are demanding, stressful, painful, exhausting, and costly both in human and material terms. As an adaptation to these conditions societies develop appropriate sociopsychological infrastructure, which includes collective memory, ethos of conflict, and collective emotional orientations. This infrastructure fulfills important functions, on both the individual and collective levels, including the important role of formation, maintenance and strengthening of a social identity that reflects this conflict. It is institutionalized, disseminated, and eventually becomes the foundation for the development of culture of conflict. Its major themes appear in public discourse, cultural products, school books, and societal ceremonies. The emerged culture of conflict ends up serving as a major fueling factor to the continuation of the conflict and as a major obstacle to its peaceful resolution. The infrastructure serves as major sociopsychological barriers. These barriers stand as major obstacles to begin the negotiation, to continue the negotiation, to achieve an agreement and later to engage in a process of reconciliation.

scholarly journals The Institutionalisation of the Public Intellectual

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-142
Author(s):  
Hilary Yerbury ◽  
Nina Burridge
Keyword(s):  
Performance Management ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Public Intellectual ◽  
The Public ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Use Of Social Media ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Way

As the way academics work becomes increasingly specified and regulated, the role of the public intellectual, as championed by Burawoy and exemplified by Jakubowicz, is changing. Engagement with the professions and industry is being proposed as a requirement for a research-active academic. Prescriptions for the way this might happen have the potential to remove the sense of responsibility inherent in Burawoy’s notion of the public intellectual and the suggested use of social media to promote new knowledge potentially dilutes the notion of ‘publics’ which is fundamental to the notion of the public intellectual, substituting the individual for the collective. This in turn has an impact on the kind of informed debate that can influence policy development. This paper explores the narratives of new academics as they seek to answer the questions Giddens asserted were fundamental to the creation of identity in late modernity – What to do? How to act? Who to be? It positions these narratives of identify in a broader discourse of the role of the academic in the creation of new knowledge, perceptions of the role of the university in contemporary Australian culture and the constraints of work planning and performance management.

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