Factors influencing the migration intention of dental and medical graduates in developing countries

Abstract Background Migration of skilled health workers could result in shortage of human resources and rising inequalities in service provision in source countries. To date, most of relevant papers are focused on rate and reasons of migration while the need for conducting studies on modelling of factors is more vividly felt. The aim of this review was to determine the factors influencing the migration decisions of medical and dental graduates migrating from developing countries and to introduce a practical conceptual framework for health worker migration. Methods Electronic databases PubMed, Google Scholar and relevant Journals were systematically searched for English language publications from January 2009 to April 2019. The inclusion criteria were: 1) article stated factors affecting migration decisions of medical doctors and/or dentists, 2) the source country in the study was a developing country, 3) participants’ primary qualification country was in a developing country,4) the study used primary data both qualitative or quantitative. Results The search identified 814 articles from which we included 23 full-text studies after applying eligibility checklist. Push and pull theory was the most popular model to describe the migration driving factors. Poor socio-economic situation, political instability, lack of professional and educational opportunities together with family concerns found as strong common push factors that perpetuate migration. The most influencing pull factors were desire for better quality of life, career and training opportunities and financial gain. Conclusions Despite the fact that health workers migrate for different reasons, they follow a same route for decision to stay or leave their own countries. Un-fulfillment of expectations in mother land in addition to media reconstructed reality of life in foreign land can develop a positive attitude for migration Which should be considered before weighing up the push and pull factors of both sides. Key messages A better understanding of the migration motives of health professionals will help health authorities to improve their workforce recruitment and retention strategies and health service planning. Our simple yet comprehensive framework can mainly identify the development of migration desire through combining different models and concepts of migration, behavioral change, values, needs and so on.

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FACTORS INFLUENCING INDONESIAN MILLENIALS’ TRAVEL DECISION: A CASE OF BANGKOK

Firm Journal of Management Studies ◽

10.33021/firm.v5i2.1029 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 158

Author(s):

Farida Komalasari ◽

Eko Ganiarto

Keyword(s):

Linear Regression ◽

Multiple Linear Regression ◽

Primary Data ◽

Simple Linear Regression ◽

Pull Factors ◽

Factors Influencing ◽

Travel Motivations ◽

Travel Decision ◽

Push And Pull ◽

Push Factor

The number of Indonesian millenials visiting Bangkok is increase year by year. There must be a strong reason, why Indonesian millenials decide to visit Bangkok. This research aims to find out the factors influencing Indonesian millenials’ travel decision to visit Bangkok. The push and pull travel motivations theory are used to develop the research framework. A quantitative research with primary data collected by using a questionnaire is done. The data analysis used in this research is linear regression. There are two models, multiple linear regression and simple linear regression. A multiple linear regression is used to find out the factors of traveler satisfaction, while a simple linear regression is used to find out the influence of traveler satisfaction toward travel decision. The result shows that there are five push factors and five pull factors influencing traveler satisfaction, and at the end, traveler satisfaction influences travel decision. The five push factor are knowledge and culture, friendship, social status, sightseeing, and new experience. Meanwhile the five pull factors are local values, destinations features, historical values, cultural values, and outdoor attraction. Relaxation, as a part of push factor, does not influence traveler satisfaction.Keywords: Push and Pull Travel Motivations, Traveler Satisfaction, Travel Decision,Indonesian Millenial, Bangkok

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Factors influencing the migration intention of health professionals in low and middle income countries: Critical review with a theoretical model

Journal of Contemporary Medical Sciences ◽

10.22317/jcms.v6i6.897 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (6) ◽

Author(s):

Sara Hajian ◽

Shahram Yazdani ◽

MohammadPooyan Jadidfard ◽

MohammadHossein Khoshnevisan

Keyword(s):

Health Workers ◽

Final Decision ◽

Middle Income ◽

Poor Countries ◽

Middle Income Countries ◽

Medical Graduates ◽

Factors Influencing ◽

Decision To Stay ◽

Push And Pull ◽

Low And Middle Income

Objective Migration of healthcare workers could result in shortage of human resources and rising inequalities in service provision in resource poor countries. The aim of this review was to determine the factors influencing the migration decisions of medical and dental graduates migrating from low- and middle-income countries as well as introducing a practical model for health professional’s migration. Methods Google Scholar and PubMed were searched together with relevant journals for English studies from January 2005 to January 2020. The original studies which evaluated the motivational factors of dental and medical graduates migrating from low or middle income countries were included. The migration model was developed by investigating the factors and frameworks of selected studies. Results Twenty-five articles were met the inclusion criteria. Push and pull theory was the most popular way to describe the driving factors of migration. These factors were classified into three macro-, meso- and micro-level with eight key domains. Poor income, unfavorable socio-economic situation, political instability, lack of professional and educational opportunities together with family and personal concerns found as strong common reasons perpetuating migration. Conclusion Despite the fact that health workers migrate for different reasons, they follow a same route for decision to stay or leave their home countries. Un-fulfillment of expectations in mother land in addition to media reconstructed reality of life in foreign land can develop a positive attitude for better quality of life improvement after migration. Once individuals could overpass their national identity and barriers of migration, the final decision toward migration would be more feasible.

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Comparing Push and Pull Factors Affecting Migration

Economies ◽

10.3390/economies10010021 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 21

Author(s):

Mariusz Urbański

Keyword(s):

Primary Data ◽

Economic Factors ◽

Pull Factors ◽

Push Factors ◽

Political Issues ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Push And Pull Factors ◽

Foreign Countries ◽

Major Factors ◽

Push And Pull

The purpose of this research was to conduct a comparison of the push and pull factors affecting migration between Poland and Romania. The study aimed to find out which among the push and pull factors have a greater effect overall and individually on the migration activities. The study was conducted using primary data collected from migrants in both countries using a structured questionnaire. There were data from 298 and 288 surveys for Poland and Romania, respectively. The push and pull migration framework was applied to guide the study. The model suitability was confirmed satisfactory on validity, reliability and factor analysis. The hypothesis was analyzed and evaluated using multiple regression analysis. The findings of the study indicated that pull factors have a greater influence on migration in these two countries as compared to the push factors. Five out of six (economic, political and social in Poland and economic and political in Romania) pull factors were found significant as compared to two (social in Poland and in Romania) out of six push factors. Pull economic factors were significant determinants of migration in all the countries. Pull political factors were found to have the highest effect in both countries, because they influenced migrants in Romania. Economic factors are the major factors that influence migration, including the hope of finding better jobs and better life in the foreign countries, and these factors should be addressed in the effort to reduce migration. In addition, political issues such as unfair legal system, violent conflicts, underdevelopment, poverty, political instability and corruption should be addressed to control the issue of migration.

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The Push and Pull Factors Contributing Towards Asylum Migration from Developing Countries to Developed Countries Since 2000

International Migration ◽

10.1111/imig.12708 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 58 (6) ◽

pp. 210-231

Author(s):

Nozomi Matsui ◽

James Raymer

Keyword(s):

Developing Countries ◽

Developed Countries ◽

Pull Factors ◽

Push And Pull Factors ◽

Push And Pull

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‘Push’ and ‘pull’ factors influencing the learning of destination languages by immigrants

South African Journal of African Languages ◽

10.1080/02572117.2015.1112997 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 35 (2) ◽

pp. 147-155 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Rosemary Wildsmith-Cromarty ◽

Aloysius N. Conduah

Keyword(s):

Pull Factors ◽

Push And Pull Factors ◽

Factors Influencing ◽

Push And Pull

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Entrepreneurship as a Career Choice for Women

Advances in Human Resources Management and Organizational Development - Macro and Micro-Level Issues Surrounding Women in the Workforce ◽

10.4018/978-1-5225-9163-4.ch004 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 89-108

Author(s):

Meryem Aybas ◽

Gaye Özçelik

Keyword(s):

Developing Countries ◽

Career Choice ◽

Personality Characteristics ◽

Pull Factors ◽

Push And Pull Factors ◽

Women’S Entrepreneurship ◽

The Family ◽

Women's Entrepreneurship ◽

Push And Pull ◽

Additional Income

Entrepreneurship is seen as an important tool in the prevention of women's unemployment and in the fight against poverty in underdeveloped and developing countries. Entrepreneurship becomes particularly obligatory for many women to substitute a kind of employment to provide additional income to the family. Drawing on Bowen and Hisrich's a career perspective to women's entrepreneurship and the context of a successful entrepreneurial career of a woman in Turkey, this chapter aims to discuss women's entrepreneurship by focusing on the reasons as to why women might choose entrepreneurship as a career choice. Another contribution is to provide a platform aimed at encouraging the mindset for the development of women's employment and entrepreneurship. In this context, the chapter provides explanations for the reasons for women's entrepreneurship within the push and pull factors. Furthermore, the main demographics of women entrepreneurs, their general personality characteristics, the sectors they operate in, and the difficulties they face are discussed.

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Push-Pull Factors Influencing Saudi Women’s Investment in English-Language Learning

Journal of Women and Gender in Higher Education ◽

10.1080/26379112.2020.1732428 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 93-113

Author(s):

Rami Mustafa ◽

Amani K. Hamdan Alghamdi

Keyword(s):

Language Learning ◽

English Language ◽

English Language Learning ◽

Pull Factors ◽

Factors Influencing

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Push and Pull Factors Influencing the Winter Sport Tourists in China: The Case of Leisure Skiers

SAGE Open ◽

10.1177/2158244020938739 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 215824402093873

Author(s):

Xinghua Wang ◽

James J. Zhang ◽

Guandong Song ◽

Xia Wan

Keyword(s):

Pull Factors ◽

Push And Pull Factors ◽

Ski Resort ◽

Ski Resorts ◽

Factors Influencing ◽

Managerial Implications ◽

Push And Pull ◽

The Relationship ◽

Escape Factor ◽

Pushing And Pulling

The purpose of this study was to examine the push (i.e., socio-motivation) and pull (i.e., ski resort attribute preference) factors influencing the level of participation of leisure skiing in China. Leisure skiers ( N = 300) from a major ski resort in China participated in this study. Based on a comprehensive review of the literature and a test of content validity, a survey questionnaire was formulated to measure push and pull variables, demographic information, and ski resort participation frequency. Conducting multiple regression analyses to discover the relationship between push factors and skiing frequency, the escape factor was found to be influencing the skiing frequency most significantly ( p < .05). Four pull factors including sceneries, condition of slopes and snow, training course feature, and cost showed different demand when the demographic backgrounds of participants were taken into consideration (i.e., gender, age, skiing frequency). Discussions are centered on the theoretical and managerial implications on procedures of pushing and pulling consumers to ski resorts at large and increasing skiing participation in China.

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FAKTOR PENDORONG DAN PENARIK PERDAGANGAN ORANG (HUMAN TRAFFICKING) DI SUMATERA BARAT

Humanus ◽

10.24036/jh.v13i2.4728 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 193

Author(s):

Ike Sylvia

Keyword(s):

Human Trafficking ◽

Formal Education ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Early Marriage ◽

Primary Data ◽

Group Discussions ◽

Pull Factors ◽

Push And Pull Factors ◽

West Sumatra ◽

Push And Pull

This study is intended to reveal: (1) the description of the real conditions and the information and facts about human trafficking in West Sumatra, (2) the “push and pull factors” of human trafficking. This study uses a mixed method using secondary and primary data. Primary data is collected through questionnaires, interviews and focus group discussions in accordance with the purpose of research. Secondary data is collected by observing the documents available at the village, district, regency, provincial, and national levels as well as other relevant agencies and literature review. The results show that the push factors of human trafficking in West Sumatra are; (1) the unavailability of the desired jobs in the country (2) early marriage, with a high risk of divorce, domestic violence, poverty, etc, (3) requirements that must be met before applying, (4) Poverty (5) low formal education, so easily provoked by news, (6) Administration of birth registration is not good, (7) Lack of social control. Meanwhile the pull factors of human trafficking are (1) the temptation to make a living outside the hometown, (2) Information that life is better and successful outside hometown, (3) better salary outside hometown, (4) simple procedures conducted by labor brokers who trap women in human trafficking. The community leaders, religious leaders, as well as ‘bundo kanduang’, ‘ninik mamak’ are expected to play the role as agents of inheriting unwritten values, norms and traditions to the nephews and children within the family, so they will be guided in their lives and not trapped by the human trafficking brokers seduction. Keywords: human trafficking, push and pull factors

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PENGARUH PUSH DAN PULL FACTOR TERHADAP KUNJUNGAN WISATAWAN BACKPACKER KE BUKITTINGGI

Jurnal Benefita ◽

10.22216/jbe.v1i1.3854 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 182

Author(s):

Heru Aulia Azman

Keyword(s):

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Annual Reports ◽

Primary Data ◽

Pull Factors ◽

Pull Factor ◽

Push And Pull Factors ◽

Push And Pull ◽

Push Factor

This study aims to determine the effect of The Push and Pull Factors on Backpacker tourist’s decision to visit Bukittinggi. The object of this research is Backpacker tourists who visit Bukittinggi consist with samples of 100 peoples. The data used in this study including primary and secondary data. Primary data comes from the opinions of each respondent through the questionnaire to find out the response of the research sample regarding the influence of Push and Pull factors on the Backpacker tourists decision. While secondary data comes from previous journals, books, internet media, and annual reports, the primary data obtained then analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis techniques. The results of the study indicate that push and pull factors have a significant effect on Backpacker tourists visits to Bukittinggi.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh Push factor dan pull factor terhadap keputusan berkunjung turis Backpacker ke Bukittinggi. Yang menjadi objek penelitian ini adalah wisatawan Backpacker yang melakukan kunjungan ke Bukittinggi. Adapun jumlah sampel penelitian adalah 100 orang. Jenis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu data primer dan data sekunder. Data primer bersumber dari pendapat masing-masing sampel penelitian dengan menggunakan angket atau penyebaran kuesioner, untuk mengetahui respon sampel penelitian mengenai pengaruh Push factor dan Pull factor terhadap keputusan berkunjung wisatawan Backpacker. Sedangkan data sekunder bersumber dari jurnal-jurnal sebelumnya, buku, media internet, annual report . Data primer yang didapat kemudian dianalisa dengan cara melakukan pengujian dengan teknik analisa regresi linear berganda . Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa push dan pull factor berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kunjungan wisatawan Backpacker ke Bukittinggi.

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