scholarly journals Association between leisure-time physical activity and the risk of chronic diseases

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Dedele ◽  
A Miskinyte
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
World Health ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background According to the World Health Organization, non-communicable diseases or chronic diseases, account for 71 percent of all deaths globally, affecting individuals of all age groups and countries. Epidemiological studies have shown an association between a lack of physical activity (PA) and the risk of raised blood pressure, increased body mass index and obesity that can lead to chronic diseases. Methods The aim of the study was to assess the relationship between leisure-time PA and the risk of chronic diseases among adult population. We conducted a cross-sectional study of 470 men and 641 women who participated in “The Impact of Sustainable Mobility, Physical Activity and Environmental Factors on Urban Population Health Study (ISMA)” in Lithuania. Leisure-time PA was self-reported and divided into three levels: low, moderate and high. Logistic regression was used to estimate adjusted odds ratios (ORs) of chronic diseases according to leisure-time PA. Results More than half (55%) of the study population engaged in a moderate intensity PA and 12% of participants engaged in a high intensity leisure-time PA. Men 1.6 times more often than women reported engaging in a high intensity PA in leisure time (p = 0.004). Adults who engaged in low intensity leisure-time PA had almost 3 times (OR = 2.91; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.62-5.24) higher risk of chronic diseases, whereas those adults who reported moderate intensity leisure-time PA had an OR of 1.63 (95% CI 0.92-2.87) compared to individuals who engaged in a high-level PA. Conclusions Our findings suggest that high levels of leisure-time PA could reduce the risk of chronic diseases and this effect was significantly stronger in men. Key messages Global decline in PA is related to inaction during leisure time and sedentary behaviour at work and at home that has a major health impact worldwide. High levels of leisure-time PA are important factor for chronic disease prevention.

scholarly journals Burden of prediabetes, undiagnosed, and poorly or potentially sub-controlled diabetes: Lolland-Falster health study

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Neda Esmailzadeh Bruun-Rasmussen ◽  
George Napolitano ◽  
Allan Kofoed-Enevoldsen ◽  
Stig Egil Bojesen ◽  
Christina Ellervik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Health Perception ◽  
Poor Health ◽  
Undiagnosed Diabetes ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Related Condition ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background This study aimed to investigate prevalence and risk factors for prediabetes, undiagnosed diabetes mellitus, poorly and potentially sub-controlled diabetes in a rural-provincial general adult population in Denmark. Methods Using cross-sectional data from the Lolland-Falster Health Study, we examined a total of 10,895 individuals aged 20 years and above. Results Prevalence of prediabetes was 5.8% (men: 6.1%; women: 5.5%); of undiagnosed diabetes 0.8% (men: 1.0%; women: 0.5%); of poorly controlled diabetes 1.2% (men: 1.5%; women: 0.8%); and of potentially sub-controlled diabetes 2% (men: 3.0%; women: 1.3%). In total, 9.8% of all participants had a diabetes-related condition in need of intervention; men at a higher risk than women; RR 1.41 (95% CI 1.26–1.58); person aged + 60 years more than younger; RR 2.66 (95% CI 2.34–3.01); obese more than normal weight person, RR 4.51 (95% CI 3.79–5.38); smokers more than non-smokers, RR 1.38 (95% CI 1.19–1.62); persons with self-reported poor health perception more than those with good, RR 2.59 (95% CI 2.13–3.15); low leisure time physical activity more than those with high, RR 2.64 (95% CI 2.17–3.22); and persons with self-reported hypertension more than those without, RR 3.28 (95% CI 2.93–3.68). Conclusions In the Lolland-Falster Health Study, nearly 10% of participants had prediabetes, undiagnosed diabetes, poorly controlled, or potentially sub-controlled diabetes. The risk of these conditions was more than doubled in persons with self-reported poor health perception, self-reported hypertension, low leisure time physical activity, or measured obesity, and a large proportion of people with diabetes-related conditions in need of intervention can therefore be identified relatively easily.

scholarly journals Opposite Effects of Work-Related Physical Activity and Leisure-Time Physical Activity on the Risk of Diabetes in Korean Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (16) ◽  
pp. 5812
Author(s):  
Hyun Sook Oh
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Probit Model ◽  
Physical Activities ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Work Related

The object of this study was to examine the effects of domestic and work-related physical activity (DWPA) and leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) on the risk of diabetes, by categorizing fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels into normal, Impaired Fasting Glucose (IFG), and diabetes. The sample consisted of 4661 adults aged 30 years or above, and was chosen from the 2017 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) data. Of all the subjects, 14.6% engaged in high-intensity DWPA and 6.25% in moderate-intensity DWPA; while 11.68% and 24.80% engaged in high- and moderate-intensity LTPA, respectively. The effects of both types of physical activities on the risk of diabetes were analyzed using a Bayesian ordered probit model. For those with high-intensity DWPA, the probability of the FBG level being normal was 5.10% (SE = 0.25) lower than for those with non-high-intensity DWPA, and the probabilities of IFG and diabetes were 3.30% (SE = 0.15) and 1.79% (SE = 0.09) higher, respectively. However, for those with high-intensity LTPA, the probability of the FBG level being normal was 2.54% (SE = 0.09) higher, and the probabilities of IFG and diabetes were 1.74% (SE = 0.07) and 0.80% (SE = 0.03) lower, respectively, than those with non-high-intensity LTPA. Likewise, for moderate-intensity DWPA and LTPA, the results were the same compared to low-intensity physical activities though the magnitude of the effects were smaller than for high-intensity. Thus, the activities related to work have a negative effect and those related to leisure have a positive effect. The criteria for physical activities to reduce the risk of diabetes should be set by separating these domains of physical activity, and new management strategies for diabetes are needed for people with moderate- or high-intensity DWPA.

scholarly journals Association between private and public places and practice of physical activity in adults

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priscila Missaki Nakamura ◽  
Inaian Pignatti Teixeira ◽  
Adriano Akira F Hino ◽  
Jacqueline Kerr ◽  
Eduardo Kokubun
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Built Environment ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Environment Factors ◽  
Negatively Associated ◽  
Moderate Intensity Physical Activity ◽  
Intensity Physical Activity

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1980-0037.2016v18n3p297 There are some studies that showed the relationship between built environment with practice of physical activity during leisure-time and active transportation in the adult population. However, this relationship may be influence by type and intensity of physical activity. The aim of this study was to verify association between public and private places for engaging in different types of physical activity in adults of Rio Claro City, Brazil. Cross sectional study with representative sample of 1588 adults with a mean age of 45.7±17.0 years completed the IPAQ-long form. Geographic Information System data were employed to assess the built environment. The time to different physical activity types were divided in actives (≥10 min/week) and inactive (<10 min/week). Poisson Multilevel Regression Analysis was performed in the Stata version 12.0. After adjusting for confounders, walking during leisure-time was positively associated with São Paulo’s Social Vulnerability Index (SSVI) categories of 1 (PR=2.77) through 5 (PR=1.94) and negatively associated with population density higher than 68 km/m2 (PR=0.70). Vigorous intensity physical activity was negatively associated with distance greater than 596 metes of private places to practice physical activity (PR=0.50). Total leisure time physical activity was positively associated with SSVI 1 (PR=2.48) and 5 (RP=1.89). Moderate intensity physical activity was not associated with built environment factors. There were differents associations between the built environment factors with leisure time PA except to moderate intensity physical activity.

Time Trends and Sociodemographic Inequalities in Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviors Among Brazilian Adults: National Surveys from 2003 to 2019

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
André O. Werneck ◽  
Luciana L. Barboza ◽  
Raphael H.O. Araújo ◽  
Adewale L. Oyeyemi ◽  
Giseli N. Damacena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Time Trends ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Sample Survey ◽  
World Health ◽  
Tv Viewing ◽  
Total Transport

Background: The authors analyzed time trends and sociodemographic inequalities in different physical activity and sedentary behavior domains between 2003 and 2019. Methods: A secondary analysis of data from 5 cross-sectional Brazilian epidemiological surveys (World Health Survey—2003, National Household Sample Survey—2008/2015, and Brazilian Health Survey—2013/2019) conducted among a nationally representative sample of Brazilian adults. The authors used data on different domains of physical activity (leisure, commute, total transport, and total physical activity) and sedentary behavior (TV viewing and other types of screens) that were available in the different surveys. Gender, age group, country region, ethnicity, type of area and city, and quintiles of income and educational achievement were used as sociodemographic correlates. Results: The prevalence of leisure-time physical activity increased over time (2008: 7.0% vs 2019: 26.5%). There was also an increased trend of social inequality in leisure-time physical activity. A trend of reduction was observed for active commuting (2008: 35.0% vs 2019: 21.8%), while total transport physical activity was stable (2013: 49.5% vs 2019: 49.6%). Directions of findings were opposite for sedentary behavior, with reduced trend for >3 hours per day of TV viewing (2008: 34.8% vs 2019: 21.8%) and increased trend for >3 hours per day of other types of screen time (2008: 6.4% vs 2019: 22.2%). Conclusion: A positive trend exists in leisure-time physical activity, but there was also an increase in social inequalities for physical activity in Brazil.

scholarly journals Positive Association of Physical Activity with Both Objective and Perceived Measures of the Neighborhood Environment among Older Adults: The Aichi Workers’ Cohort Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (21) ◽  
pp. 7971
Author(s):  
Yuanying Li ◽  
Hiroshi Yatsuya ◽  
Tomoya Hanibuchi ◽  
Atsuhiko Ota ◽  
Hisao Naito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Neighborhood Environment ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Objective Measures ◽  
Japanese Adults ◽  
Japanese Residents

We examined the association between objective and perceived neighborhood characteristics and self-reported leisure-time physical activity (PA) in older Japanese residents living in areas ranging from metropolitan to rural in 2016. Objective measures used were walkability and the numbers of parks/green spaces and sports facilities within 500 or 1000 m of subjects’ homes, calculated using geographic information systems. Subjective measures were the subjects’ perceptions of their neighborhoods, assessed using a structured questionnaire. All variables were divided into three groups, and the lowest tertile was used as the reference. We assessed the location and frequency of strolling or brisk walking, moderate-intensity PA, and vigorous-intensity PA (sports) using a self-reported questionnaire and defined as performing a certain type of PA 3–4 times/week as a habit. Living in a neighborhood in the highest tertile for walkability and number of parks/green spaces as well as perception of having good access to recreational facilities, observing others exercising and the presence of walkable sidewalks was associated with walking and sports habits (multivariable odds ratios (ORs): 1.33–2.46, all p < 0.05). Interestingly, objective measures of PA-friendly environmental features were inversely associated with moderate-intensity PA habits, potentially because moderate-intensity PA consisted predominantly of gardening. In conclusion, living in an environment supportive of PA, whether objectively or subjectively measured, is related to leisure-time PA habits among older Japanese adults.

scholarly journals Domain-specific physical activity patterns and cardiorespiratory fitness among adults in Germany

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
J Zeiher ◽  
M Duch ◽  
L E Kroll ◽  
G B M Mensink ◽  
J D Finger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Cycle Ergometer ◽  
Physical Measurements

Abstract Background Studies show that occupational physical activity (OPA) has less health-enhancing effects than leisure-time physical activity (LTPA). The spare data available suggests that OPA rarely includes aerobic PAs with little or no enhancing effects on cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) as a possible explanation. This study aims to investigate the associations between patterns of OPA and LTPA and CRF among adults in Germany. Methods 1,204 men and 1,303 women (18-64 years), who participated in the German Health Interview and Examination Survey 2008-2011, completed a standardized sub-maximal cycle ergometer test to estimate maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max). Job positions were coded according to the level of physical effort to construct an occupational PA index and categorized as low vs. high OPA. LTPA was assessed via questionnaires and dichotomized in no vs. any LTPA participation. A combined LTPA/OPA variable was used (high OPA/ LTPA, low OPA/LTPA, high OPA/no LTPA, low OPA/no LTPA). Information on potential confounders was obtained via questionnaires (e.g., smoking and education) or physical measurements (e.g., waist circumference). Multi-variable logistic regression was used to analyze associations between OPA/LTPA patterns and VO2max. Results Preliminary analyses showed that less-active men were more likely to have a low VO2max with odds ratios (ORs) of 0.80 for low OPA/LTPA, 1.84 for high OPA/no LTPA and 3.46 for low OPA/no LTPA compared to high OPA/LTPA. The corresponding ORs for women were 1.11 for low OPA/LTPA, 3.99 for high OPA/no LTPA and 2.44 for low OPA/no LTPA, indicating the highest likelihood of low fitness for women working in physically demanding jobs and not engaging in LTPA. Conclusions Findings confirm a strong association between LTPA and CRF and suggest an interaction between OPA and LTPA patterns on CRF within the workforce in Germany. Women without LTPA are at high risk of having a low CRF, especially if they work in physically demanding jobs. Key messages Women not practicing leisure-time physical activity are at risk of having a low cardiorespiratory fitness, especially if they work in physically demanding jobs. Different impact of domains of physical activity should be considered when planning interventions to enhance fitness among the adult population.

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