Witnessing interparental violence in childhood and symptoms of depression in adulthood: data from the 2017 French Health Barometer

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noemie Roland ◽  
Christophe Leon ◽  
Enguerrand du Roscoat ◽  
Henri Panjo ◽  
Marie-Josephe Saurel-Cubizolles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Interparental Violence ◽  
Suicidal Thoughts ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
The Past ◽  
Phone Survey ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background Every year, it is estimated that 143 000 French children are exposed to interparental violence (IPV). This exposure may have deleterious lifelong impact on mental health. Objective To investigate the associations between exposure to IPV in childhood and, as adults, the presence of depressive symptoms during the past year, suicidal thoughts and lifetime suicide attempt. Methods Our study is based on data from the 2017 French Health Barometer, a general population cross-sectional phone survey. 25 319 adults living in Metropolitan France responded. Data were weighted to obtain a representative sample of the French population. Associations between childhood exposure to IPV and each of three outcomes in adulthood—symptoms of depression, suicidal ideation in the past year and lifetime suicide attempt—were studied by calculating odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs), stratifying by sex and using multivariate models (logistic regression). Results After adjustment for age, social variables, negative life events in childhood and lifetime history of sexual violence, reporting witnessed IPV is significantly associated with the presence of symptoms of depression during the past 12 months (aORmen = 1.88, 95% CI = 1.49–2.38, and aORwomen = 2.00, 1.72–2.32), suicidal thoughts in the past 12 months (aORmen = 1.97, 1.48–2.64, and aORwomen = 2.35, 1.89–2.93), and at least one lifetime suicide attempt (aORmen =2.39, 1.83–3.11 and aORwomen = 2.66, 2.25–3.16). Conclusion Associations shown between a history of exposure to IPV and three mental health indicators in adulthood underline the need to study the lifelong impact of IPV.

scholarly journals Higher risk of mental health deterioration during the Covid-19 lockdown among students rather than non-students. The French Confins study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Arsandaux ◽  
Ilaria Montagni ◽  
Mélissa Macalli ◽  
Nathalie Texier ◽  
Mathilde Pouriel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Suicidal Thoughts ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Set Up

ABSTRACTBackgroundCovid-19 pandemic and its consequences have raised fears of its psychological impact. The objective of this study was to estimate the effect of student status on mental health conditions during Covid-19 general lockdown among adults in France.MethodsUsing cross-sectional data of the Confins cohort, we estimated the effect of student status on depressive and anxiety symptoms, suicidal thoughts and perceived stress using multivariate logistic regression analyses. Stratified models for college students and non- students were performed to identify associated population-specific factors.ResultsAmong the 2260 included participants, students represented 59% (n=1335 vs 925 non- students) and 78% of the total sample were female. Student status was more frequently associated with depressive symptoms (adjusted OR(aOR)=1.58; 95%CI 1.17;2.14), anxiety symptoms (aOR=1.51; 95%CI 1.10;2.07), perceived stress (n=1919, aOR=1.70, 95%CI 1.26;2.29) and frequent suicidal thoughts (n=1919, aOR=1.57, 95%CI 0.97;2.53). Lockdown conditions that could be potentially aggravating on mental health like isolation had a higher impact on students than non-students.LimitationsParticipants were volunteers, which could limit generalisation of the findings. The cross-sectional design did not allow determining if lockdown impacted directly mental health or if there is another cause. However, we adjusted analyses with the history of psychiatric disorders, and factors related to lockdown conditions were associated with mental health disturbances.ConclusionsCollege student’s mental health is of great importance in the context of the general lockdown set up during the pandemic. Follow-up and interventions should be implemented especially for those at high-risk (younger people and those with history of psychiatric disorders).

A Comparison of Attitudes Toward Suicide Among Individuals With and Without Suicidal Thoughts and Suicide Attempts in South Korea

Crisis ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sang-Uk Lee ◽  
Mina Jeon ◽  
Jong-Ik Park
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Suicide Prevention ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Suicidal Thought ◽  
Suicidal Thoughts ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Suicidal Person ◽  
History Of ◽  
Attitudes Toward Suicide

Abstract. Background: A suicidal person can go through different stages that include suicidal thoughts and suicide attempts. For a few individuals, these can end up with suicide. However, there have been no studies investigating any differences in attitudes toward suicides among individuals with no suicidal thoughts, those with suicidal thoughts, and those with suicide attempts. Aims: This study was carried out to compare attitudes toward suicide among three different groups: individuals with a history of no suicidal thoughts, those with a history of suicidal thoughts, and those with a history of suicide attempts. Method: To examine Koreans' attitudes toward suicide, we analyzed the data from the 2013 National Suicide Survey involving 1,500 participants aged between 19 and 75 years. Results: Different attitudes toward suicide were found among the three groups. Persons reporting that they had made a suicide attempt in their life showed the most permissive attitudes toward suicide. Limitations: Since this research is based on cross-sectional data, it is difficult to eliminate the possibility of changes in attitude toward suicide completely after having a suicidal thought and suicide attempt. Conclusion: These results can be a useful source for constructing effective messages for suicide prevention campaigns and can ultimately contribute to an improvement in the public's perceptions of suicide in the future.

scholarly journals Nonsuicidal self-injury thoughts and behavioural characteristics: Associations with suicidal thoughts and behaviours among community adolescents

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kealagh Robinson ◽  
Jessica A. Garisch ◽  
Marc Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Characteristic Analysis ◽  
Suicidal Thoughts ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lifetime History ◽  
Self Injury ◽  
Behavioural Characteristics ◽  
History Of ◽  
Nonsuicidal Self Injury

Background: We consider whether nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) thoughts – in the absence of any NSSI behaviour – are associated with suicidal thoughts and behaviours among adolescents, before examining whether characteristics of NSSI behaviour are associated with greater suicidal thoughts and behaviours. Methods: Adolescents (n = 2,057, M age =15.56) recruited from secondary schools reported their lifetime history of NSSI, suicidal thoughts and behaviours, NSSI characteristics, and NSSI functions. Receiver Operating Characteristic analysis test whether NSSI status and characteristics of NSSI behaviour are diagnostic of clinically elevated suicidal thoughts and behaviours (a score of 7 or higher on the Suicide Behaviours Questionnaire-Revised). Regression models test whether NSSI functions predict greater suicidality. Results: Adolescents with NSSI thoughts and those with NSSI behaviour were more likely to report lifetime suicidal ideation and past-year suicide plan(s) than adolescents with no history of NSSI. In addition, adolescents with a history of NSSI were more likely to report a lifetime history of suicide attempt(s) as well as past-year suicide attempt(s) than adolescents with no history of NSSI. A greater number of NSSI methods, requiring medical assistance for NSSI injuries, and engaging in NSSI for self-punishment, anti-suicide, and sensation-seeking functions were associated with greater severity of suicidal thoughts and behaviours.Limitations: Data are cross-sectional, limiting inferences about causality.Conclusions: Findings emphasize the importance of NSSI thoughts and characteristics of NSSI behaviour in understanding the complex relationship between NSSI and suicidal thoughts and behaviours among adolescents.

Suicidal Ideation Among Medical Students in Dammam, Saudi Arabia

Crisis ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Mohammed Madadin ◽  
Ritesh G. Menezes ◽  
Maha A. Alassaf ◽  
Abdulaziz M. Almulhim ◽  
Mahdi S. Abumadini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Eastern Province ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Past ◽  
Depression Subscale ◽  
History Of

Abstract. Background: Medical students are at high risk of suicidal ideation. Aim: We aimed to obtain information on suicidal ideation among medical students in Dammam located in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the College of Medicine affiliated with Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. Suicidal ideation in the past 12 months was assessed based on responses to four questions in the depression subscale of the General Health Questionnaire 28 (GHQ-28). In addition, data were collected to examine the association of suicidal ideation with various factors. Results: We found that 1 in 3 medical students in the study had suicidal ideation in the past 12 months, while around 40% had lifetime suicidal ideation. Suicidal ideation was associated with feelings of parental neglect, history of physical abuse, and dissatisfaction with academic performance. Limitations: The cross-sectional nature of this study limits its ability to determine causality regarding suicidal ideation. Conclusion: These rates are considerably high when compared with rates from studies in other countries around the world. This study provides a reference in the field of suicidology for this region of Saudi Arabia.

scholarly journals Performers of the night: Examining the mental health of electronic music artists

2021 ◽  
pp. 030573562097698
Author(s):  
Jolan Kegelaers ◽  
Lewie Jessen ◽  
Eline Van Audenaerde ◽  
Raôul RD Oudejans
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Sleep Disturbance ◽  
Electronic Music ◽  
Music Performance ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Music Performance Anxiety ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Levels Of Functioning

Despite growing popular interest for the mental health of electronic music artists, scientific research addressing this topic has remained largely absent. As such, the aim of the current study was to examine the mental health of electronic music artists, as well as a number of determinants. Using a cross-sectional quantitative design, a total of 163 electronic music artists participated in this study. In line with the two-continua model of mental health, both symptoms of depression/anxiety and well-being were adopted as indicators for mental health. Furthermore, standardized measures were used to assess potential determinants of mental health, including sleep disturbance, music performance anxiety, alcohol abuse, drug abuse, occupational stress, resilience, and social support. Results highlighted that around 30% of participants experienced symptoms of depression/anxiety. Nevertheless, the majority of these participants still demonstrated at least moderate levels of functioning and well-being. Sleep disturbance formed a significant predictor for both symptoms of depression/anxiety and well-being. Furthermore, resilience and social support were significant predictors for well-being. The results provide a first glimpse into the mental health challenges experienced by electronic music artists and support the need for increased research as well as applied initiatives directed at safeguarding their mental health.

Psychological, Structural, Social and Economic Determinants of Suicide Attempt: Risk Assessment and Decision Making Strategies

2021 ◽  
pp. 003022282110034
Author(s):  
Azam Farmani ◽  
Mojtaba Rahimianbougar ◽  
Yousef Mohammadi ◽  
Hossein Faramarzi ◽  
Siamak Khodarahimi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Psychological Services ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Economic Determinants ◽  
History Of ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
High Level ◽  
Risk Assessment And Management

The aim of this research was to conduct a risk assessment and management of psychological, structural, social and economic determinants (PSSED) in a suicide attempt. The sample consisted of 353 individuals who had a recorded history of suicidal attempt; and 20 professional individuals by purposive sampling method within a descriptive cross-sectional design. Worksheets for RAM and AHP were used for data collection in this study. The rate of suicide attempt was 7.21 per 100,000 population in this study. Analysis showed that depression and mental disorders; personality disorders; family problems; socio-cultural and economic problems; lack of awareness; and low level of education have a high level of risk for suicide attempts. Psychiatric and psychological services; awareness and knowledge of life skills; medical services to dysfunctional families; development of community-based planning for PSSED of suicide; and employment and entrepreneurship services may lower suicide attempt risk.

scholarly journals Acute psychological impact of coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak among psychiatric professionals in China: a multicentre, cross-sectional, web-based study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. e047828
Author(s):  
Xin Guo ◽  
Robert McCutcheon ◽  
Toby Pillinger ◽  
Atheeshaan Arumuham ◽  
Jianhua Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Mental Stress ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Considerable Proportion ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression

ObjectivesTo assess the magnitude of mental health outcomes and associated factors among psychiatric professionals in mental health services during COVID-19 in China.Design, setting and participantsThis cross-sectional, survey-based, region-stratified study collected demographic data and mental health measurements from psychiatric professionals in 34 hospitals between 29 January and 7 February 2020, in China. Hospitals equipped with fever clinics or deployed on wards for patients with COVID-19 were eligible.Primary outcome and measuresThe severity of symptoms of depression, anxiety, insomnia and distress were assessed by the Chinese versions of 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire, 7-item Generalised Anxiety Disorder, 7-item Insomnia Severity Index and 22-item Impact of Event Scale-Revised, respectively. Multivariable logistic regression and structural equation modelling was performed to identify factors associated with mental health outcomes.ResultsA total of 610 psychiatric professionals were included. 29.8% were employed in Wuhan, and 22.5% were frontline workers. A considerable proportion of participants reported symptoms of depression (461 (75.6%)), anxiety (282 (46.2%)), insomnia (336 (55.1%)) and mental stress (481 (78.9%)). Psychiatric symptoms were associated with worrying about infection (eg, OR 2.36 (95% CI 1.27 to 4.39) for anxiety), risks of exposure to COVID-19 (eg, having inadequate personal protection equipment, OR 2.43 (1.32 to 4.47) for depression) and self-perceived physical health (eg, OR 3.22 (2.24 to 4.64) for mental stress). Information sources of COVID-19 were also found to be both positively (eg, information from relatives, OR 2.16 (1.46 to 3.21) for mental stress) and negatively (eg, information from TV, OR 0.52 (0.35 to 0.77) for mental stress) associated with mental stress. There is preliminary evidence that mental health might benefit from greater availability of mental healthcare services. The structural equation model analysis indicated that worrying about infection may be the primary mediator via which risk of exposure to COVID-19 pandemic affects the mental health of psychiatric professionals.ConclusionsThe current findings demonstrate several pathways via which the COVID-19 pandemic may have negatively affected the mental health of psychiatric professionals in China.

scholarly journals Association between food insecurity and access to a mental health professional: cross-sectional analysis of NHANES 2007–2014

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Camille Burruss ◽  
Marina Girgis ◽  
Karen Elizabeth Green ◽  
Lingyi Lu ◽  
Deepak Palakshappa
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Professional ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Mental Health Professional ◽  
The United States ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Past ◽  
Cross Sectional Analysis ◽  
Sectional Analysis

Abstract Background To determine if individuals with food insecurity (FI) were less likely to have seen a mental health professional (MHP) within the past year than individuals without FI. Methods This is a cross-sectional analysis of data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) conducted in the United States between 2007 and 2014. All participants 20 years of age or older were eligible for this study. We excluded participants who were pregnant, missing FI data, or missing data from the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). The primary outcome was self-reported contact with a MHP in the past 12 months. We used multivariable logistic regression models to test the association between FI and contact with a MHP, controlling for all demographic and clinical covariates. Results Of the 19,789 participants, 13.9% were food insecure and 8.1% had major depressive disorder (MDD). In bivariate analysis, participants with FI were significantly more likely to have MDD (5.3% vs 2.8%, p < 0.0001) and to have been seen by a MHP in the preceding 12 months (14.0% vs 6.9%, p < 0.0001). In multivariable models, adults with FI had higher odds of having seen a MHP (OR = 1.32, CI: 1.07, 1.64). Conclusions This study demonstrates that individuals with FI were significantly more likely to have seen a MHP in the preceding 12 months compared to individuals without FI. Given the growing interest in addressing unmet social needs in healthcare settings, this data suggests that visits with MHPs may be a valuable opportunity to screen for and intervene on FI.

scholarly journals Use of electronic cigarettes and secondhand exposure to their aerosols are associated with asthma symptoms among adolescents: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullah Alnajem ◽  
Abdullah Redha ◽  
Dalal Alroumi ◽  
Ahmed Alshammasi ◽  
Mohamad Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cigarette Use ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Uncontrolled Asthma ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Current Asthma ◽  
The Past ◽  
Asthma Symptoms ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background Globally, a surge in electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use has been observed in recent years, with youth being the most susceptible group. Given their recent emergence, studies assessing the health consequences of using e-cigarettes and exposure to their secondhand aerosols (SHA) are limited. Hence, this study sought to assess associations between e-cigarette use and household exposure to SHA from e-cigarettes with asthma symptoms among adolescents. Methods A school-based cross-sectional study was conducted by enrolling high school students (n = 1565; aged 16–19 years) in Kuwait. Participants self-completed a questionnaire on tobacco products use (e-cigarettes and cigarettes) and asthma symptoms. Current e-cigarette use and cigarette smoking were defined as any use in the past 30 days. Household exposure to SHA from e-cigarettes in the past 7 days was reported as none (0 days), infrequent (1–2 days), and frequent (≥ 3 days). Asthma symptoms included current (past 12 months) wheeze, current asthma (history of clinical diagnosis and current wheeze and/or medication use), and current symptoms of uncontrolled asthma (≥ 4 attacks of wheeze, ≥ 1 night per week sleep disturbance from wheeze, and/or wheeze affecting speech). Associations were assessed using Poisson regression with robust variance estimation, and adjusted prevalence ratios (aPRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated. Results Among the analytical study sample (n = 1345), current e-cigarette use and cigarette smoking was reported by 369 (27.4%) and 358 (26.6%) participants, respectively. Compared to never e-cigarette users and never cigarette smokers, current e-cigarette users with no history of cigarette smoking had increased prevalence of current wheeze (aPR = 1.54, 95% CI 1.01–2.45) and current asthma (aPR = 1.85, 95% CI 1.03–3.41). Moreover, the frequency of exposure to household SHA from e-cigarettes was associated with asthma symptoms. For example, compared to those with no exposure to household SHA, frequent exposure to household SHA was associated with current wheeze (aPR = 1.30, 95% CI 1.04–1.59), current asthma (aPR = 1.56, 95% CI 1.13–2.16), and current uncontrolled asthma symptoms (aPR = 1.88, 95% CI 1.35–2.62). Conclusions E-cigarette use and their household SHA exposure were independently associated with asthma symptoms among adolescents. Hence, such observations indicate that e-cigarette use and passive exposure to their aerosols negatively impact respiratory health among adolescents.

Comorbid depression and ulcerative colitis – is there a connection?

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S534-S534
Author(s):  
A. Melada ◽  
I. Krišto-Mađura ◽  
A. Vidović
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Psychiatric Treatment ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Suicidal Thoughts ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Bidirectional Communication ◽  
History Of ◽  
Competing Interest

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a subset disorder of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) with chronic course and symptoms such as fatigue, gastrointestinal pain, fever, etc. IBD is associated with psychological manifestations including depression and anxiety. There is an increased number of studies trying to link these comorbidities. The gut-brain axis is regulated by intestinal microbiota and this bidirectional communication including immune, neural, endocrine and metabolic mechanisms may bring us closer to the answer. The following case concerns a 56-year-old patient with history of major depressive disorder who was in continuous psychiatric care and treated with antidepressants. Several years after the beginning of psychiatric treatment, he was hospitalized for diagnostic examination due to subfebrility of unknown etiology, but with no final somatic diagnosis. After two years he was referred to our department and at administration the patient showed symptoms of depression, anxiety, lack of motivation and suicidal thoughts and tendencies. Subfebrility was still present at that time. His psychopharmacotherapy was revised and there was a slight improvement in mood and behaviour. During outpatient follow-ups the symptoms of depression were still prominent and remission was not achieved even with modulation of antidepressant pharmacotherapy. The following year the patient was diagnosed with UC and started specific treatment after he presented with diarrhea in addition to subfebrility. Subsequently his mood improved, suicidal thoughts were diminished and ultimately remission was achieved. This case suggests that only after UC was being treated the psychiatric symptoms also withdrew which implicates that inflammatory mediators were involved in pathogenesis of depression.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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