Prevalence of antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli isolated from urban and agricultural streams in Canterbury, New Zealand

2019 ◽  
Vol 366 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie Van Hamelsveld ◽  
Muyiwa E Adewale ◽  
Brigitta Kurenbach ◽  
William Godsoe ◽  
Jon S Harding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Freshwater Ecosystems ◽  
Urban Setting ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Mesophilic Bacteria ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Population Counts

Abstract Baseline studies are needed to identify environmental reservoirs of non-pathogenic but associating microbiota or pathogenic bacteria that are resistant to antibiotics and to inform safe use of freshwater ecosystems in urban and agricultural settings. Mesophilic bacteria and Escherichia coli were quantified and isolated from water and sediments of two rivers, one in an urban and one in an agricultural area near Christchurch, New Zealand. Resistance of E. coli to one or more of nine different antibiotics was determined. Additionally, selected strains were tested for conjugative transfer of resistances. Despite having similar concentrations of mesophilic bacteria and E. coli, the rivers differed in numbers of antibiotic-resistant E. coli isolates. Fully antibiotic-susceptible and -resistant strains coexist in the two freshwater ecosystems. This study was the first phase of antibiotic resistance profiling in an urban setting and an intensifying dairy agroecosystem. Antibiotic-resistant E. coli may pose different ingestion and contact risks than do susceptible E. coli. This difference cannot be seen in population counts alone. This is an important finding for human health assessments of freshwater systems, particularly where recreational uses occur downstream.

scholarly journals Serotypes of antibiotic resistant Escherichia coli isolated from the sewage of Palmerston North (New Zealand)

1979 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 443-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gail E. Meekin ◽  
K. A. Bettelheim ◽  
D. F. Bacon
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Drug Resistance ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Domestic Sewage ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Resistance Markers ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
H Serotypes

SUMMARYAntibiotic resistant strains ofEscherichia coilwere isolated from the domestic sewage of Palmerston North. The ability of these strains to transfer the drug resistance markers to two different recipientE. colistrains was assessed. The ‘O’ and ‘H’ serotypes of all strains were determined and attempts at correlation with the drug resistance studies were made. Some typically ‘human’ serotypes were found as well as a number of rarely described ones. No correlation between serotype and resistance pattern was observed.

scholarly journals Synergism of the Combination of Traditional Antibiotics and Novel Phenolic Compounds against Escherichia coli

Pathogens ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 811
Author(s):  
Md. Akil Hossain ◽  
Hae-Chul Park ◽  
Sung-Won Park ◽  
Seung-Chun Park ◽  
Min-Goo Seo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Epicatechin Gallate ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Pathogenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Novel Approaches ◽  
Rapid Emergence

Pathogenic Escherichia coli (E. coli)-associated infections are becoming difficult to treat because of the rapid emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains. Novel approaches are required to prevent the progression of resistance and to extend the lifespan of existing antibiotics. This study was designed to improve the effectiveness of traditional antibiotics against E. coli using a combination of the gallic acid (GA), hamamelitannin, epicatechin gallate, epigallocatechin, and epicatechin. The fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI) of each of the phenolic compound-antibiotic combinations against E. coli was ascertained. Considering the clinical significance and FICI, two combinations (hamamelitannin-erythromycin and GA-ampicillin) were evaluated for their impact on certain virulence factors of E. coli. Finally, the effects of hamamelitannin and GA on Rattus norvegicus (IEC-6) cell viability were investigated. The FICIs of the antibacterial combinations against E. coli were 0.281–1.008. The GA-ampicillin and hamamelitannin-erythromycin combinations more effectively prohibited the growth, biofilm viability, and swim and swarm motilities of E. coli than individual antibiotics. The concentration of hamamelitannin and GA required to reduce viability by 50% (IC50) in IEC-6 cells was 988.54 μM and 564.55 μM, correspondingly. GA-ampicillin and hamamelitannin-erythromycin may be potent combinations and promising candidates for eradicating pathogenic E. coli in humans and animals.

scholarly journals Paper-based analytical devices for colorimetric detection of S. aureus and E. coli and their antibiotic resistant strains in milk

The Analyst ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 145 (22) ◽  
pp. 7320-7329
Author(s):  
Muhammad Asif ◽  
Fazli Rabbi Awan ◽  
Qaiser Mahmood Khan ◽  
Bongkot Ngamsom ◽  
Nicole Pamme
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Colorimetric Detection ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Beta Lactamases ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamases ◽  
Paper Microfluidic ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Appropriate Prescription

We investigate paper microfluidic devices for detection of pathogenic bacteria and their sensitivity towards β-lactamase and Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamases (ESBLs) in milk samples to enable appropriate prescription of antibiotics for mastitis.

scholarly journals Biological Properties of Structurally Related α-Helical Cationic Antimicrobial Peptides

1999 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 2005-2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monisha G. Scott ◽  
Hong Yan ◽  
Robert E. W. Hancock
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Tumor Necrosis ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Cationic Antimicrobial Peptide ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Conventional Antibiotics ◽  
Necrosis Factor

ABSTRACT A series of α-helical cationic antimicrobial peptide variants with small amino acid changes was designed. Alterations in the charge, hydrophobicity, or length of the variant peptides did not improve the antimicrobial activity, and there was no statistically significant correlation between any of these factors and the MIC forPseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, orSalmonella typhimurium. Individual peptides demonstrated synergy with conventional antibiotics against antibiotic-resistant strains of P. aeruginosa. The peptides varied considerably in the ability to bind E. coli O111:B4 lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and this correlated significantly with their antimicrobial activity and ability to block LPS-stimulated tumor necrosis factor and interleukin-6 production. In general, the peptides studied here demonstrated a broad range of activities, including antimicrobial, antiendotoxin, and enhancer activities.

scholarly journals Screening for microbial load and antibiotic resistance pattern in Escherichia coli isolated from paper currency circulating in Kushtia, Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 1161 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. Raihan Rahman ◽  
Md. Nazim Uddin ◽  
Zulkar Nain ◽  
Mohammad Minnatul Karim
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Grocery Store ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Pseudomonas Spp ◽  
Paper Currency

Background: Paper currency is used for every type of commerce and plays an important role in the life of human beings. They are exchanged and come into contact with different environments and many different individuals during their circulation. Therefore, they can become contaminated with microorganisms and transfer bacteria across environments. The present study was aimed for quantitative assessment of microorganisms in circulated paper currency from Kushtia, Bangladesh and antibiotic resistant profiles of isolated Escherichia coli.Methods: A total of 10 paper currency samples currently in circulation involving three denominations (5, 10 and 500) were randomly collected from individuals involved in various occupations including street beggar, local hotel, bus conductor, poultry seller, vegetable seller, fish seller, commercial bank, ATM booth, tea seller, grocery store in Kushtia city, Bangladesh. Selective culture and biochemical tests were performed for the isolation and identification of microbial pathogens. Antibiotic resistance profiles were evaluated for isolated Escherichia coli using Kirby-Bauer method according to CLSI guidelines.Results: Aerobic mesophilic bacteria, Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas spp. were the highest in paper currency from local hotel and ATM booth. Enterobacteriaceae (including coliforms) were predominantly present in paper currencies collected from local hotel, grocery, fish seller and beggar while Pseudomonas spp. were found in currency notes obtained from ATM booth, poultry farm, vegetable seller and local hotel. Antibiotic resistant profiles of E. coli isolated from local hotel currency showed that 50% of E. coli isolates were multidrug resistant. The highest resistant profile was observed against penicillin (95%) followed by polypeptide (75%), cephalosporin (50%), quinolone (30%) and sulfonamide (5%) groups of antibiotics.Conclusions: Multiple antibiotic resistant pathogenic bacteria are prevalent in paper currency regardless of their sources. Paper currency could contribute in transmission of infectious disease as well as in antibiotic resistance, therefore, should be handled carefully.

Effects of Steam-Vacuuming and Hot Water Spray Wash on the Microflora of Refrigerated Beef Carcass Surface Tissue Inoculated with Escherichia coli O157:H7, Listeria innocua, and Clostridium sporogenes†

1997 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 114-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
WARREN J. DORSA ◽  
CATHERINE N. CUTTER ◽  
GREGORY R. SIRAGUSA
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Listeria Innocua ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
Clostridium Sporogenes ◽  
Bacterial Populations ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Beef Carcass

The fates of several bacterial populations on beef carcass surfaces were examined immediately following hot water washes (W) delivered through a beef carcass wash cabinet or application of steam-vacuum (SV). Additionally, the long-range effectiveness of W and SV on several bacterial populations was also determined during storage up to 21 days at 5°C under vacuum-packaged conditions. Fresh, unaltered bovine feces spiked with antibiotic-resistant strains of Escherichia coli O157:H7, Listeria innocua, and Clostridium sporogenes were used to inoculate beef carcass tissue prior to W or SV treatment. All treatments were equally effective as is indicated by bacterial populations immediately following any of the treatments (P > 0.05); however, the combination of SV followed by W consistently produced arithmetically greater bacterial reductions. In general, all treatments produced initial reductions of up to 2.7 log CFU/cm2 for APC, lactic acid bacteria, and L. innocua, but by 14 days bacterial numbers had increased to levels of at least 7 log CFU/cm2. E. coli O157:H7 was initially reduced by as much as 3.4 log CFU/cm2 and did not grow to original inoculation levels for the duration of the experiment. Vegetative counts of C. sporogenes were initially reduced by as much as 3.4 log CFU/cm2, and numbers continued to decline for the duration of the study. These results indicate that the use of W and SV effectively reduces bacterial populations from beef carcass tissue immediately after treatment. Additionally, storage of treated tissue up to 21 days at 5°C did not appear to offer any competitive advantage to potentially pathogenic microorganisms.

scholarly journals Antibacterial Activity of Bacteriocinogenic Commensal Escherichia coli against Zoonotic Strains Resistant and Sensitive to Antibiotics

Antibiotics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justyna Mazurek-Popczyk ◽  
Justyna Pisarska ◽  
Ewa Bok ◽  
Katarzyna Baldy-Chudzik
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Healthy Humans ◽  
Adults And Children ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Bacteriocin Genes ◽  
Zoonotic Strains

Antibiotic resistance concerns various areas with high consumption of antibiotics, including husbandry. Resistant strains are transmitted to humans from livestock and agricultural products via the food chain and may pose a health risk. The commensal microbiota protects against the invasion of environmental strains by secretion of bacteriocins, among other mechanisms. The present study aims to characterize the bactericidal potential of bacteriocinogenic Escherichia coli from healthy humans against multidrug-resistant and antibiotic-sensitive strains from pigs and cattle. Bacteriocin production was tested by the double-layer plate method, and bacteriocin genes were identified by the PCR method. At least one bacteriocinogenic E. coli was detected in the fecal samples of 55% of tested individuals, adults and children. Among all isolates (n = 210), 37.1% were bacteriocinogenic and contained genes of colicin (Col) Ib, ColE1, microcin (Mcc) H47, ColIa, ColM, MccV, ColK, ColB, and single ColE2 and ColE7. Twenty-five E. coli carrying various sets of bacteriocin genes were further characterized and tested for their activity against zoonotic strains (n = 60). Strains with ColE7 (88%), ColE1-ColIa-ColK-MccH47 (85%), MccH47-MccV (85%), ColE1-ColIa-ColM (82%), ColE1 (75%), ColM (67%), and ColK (65%) were most active against zoonotic strains. Statistically significant differences in activity toward antibiotic-resistant strains were shown by commensal E. coli carrying MccV, ColK-MccV, and ColIb-ColK. The study demonstrates that bacteriocinogenic commensal E. coli exerts antagonistic activity against zoonotic strains and may constitute a defense line against multidrug-resistant strains.

scholarly journals K1 Antigen Is Associated with Different AST Profile in Escherichia coli: A One-Month-Long Pilot Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1884
Author(s):  
Maelys Proquot ◽  
Lovasoa Najaraly Jamal ◽  
Chloe Plouzeau-Jayle ◽  
Anthony Michaud ◽  
Lauranne Broutin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Bacterial Surface ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
K Antigen

Escherichia coli is responsible for diseases of varying severity. The “K” antigen designates the capsular polysaccharides on the bacterial surface, which are mostly similar to those of highly pathogenic bacteria. The K1 antigen is often found in pathogenic E. coli. Aim: While the published studies on the AST profile of K1-positive E. coli have focused on pregnant women or newborns, this study aimed to characterize the AST profile of K1-positive E. coli independently of the clinical sample of isolation. Over a 4-week-long period, all patients hospitalized/consulting at the Poitiers University Hospital presenting a determined AST on E. coli were prospectively included to define their K1-status (Pastorex Meningitis) and to collect the clinical (age/sex) or biological metadata (AST/MIC). Among the 296 included samples, no differential representation was observed between K1 results regarding sample nature. K1-negative results were associated with multiple antibiotic-resistance (12.3% vs. 33.0%; p < 0.01). AST phenotypes differed between these groups, with a higher proportion of K1-negativity among resistant strains, especially on β-lactams (ureidopenicillin, 25.8% vs. 14.9%; and ampicillin/inhibitor, 50.0% vs. 26.8%; p < 0.05) or quinolone (19.8% vs. 7.0%) and sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (30.2% vs. 12.3%) (p < 0.01). This study analyzed E. coli ASTs in clinical samples of all types, regarding their K1-antigen status.

Antibiotic Resistance and Hypermutability of Escherichia coli O157 from Feedlot Cattle Treated with Growth-Promoting Agents

2005 ◽  
Vol 68 (11) ◽  
pp. 2411-2419 ◽  
Author(s):  
BRIGITTE LEFEBVRE ◽  
MOUSSA S. DIARRA ◽  
KARINE GIGUÈRE ◽  
GABRIEL ROY ◽  
SOPHIE MICHAUD ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Feedlot Cattle ◽  
Toxin Gene ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Trenbolone Acetate ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Feedlot Steers ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Growth Promoting

In a longitudinal study (165 days), we investigated the effect of growth-promoting agents (monensin and trenbolone acetate–estradiol) and an antibiotic (oxytetracycline) on the incidence in feedlot steers of Escherichia coli O157, including antibiotic-resistant and hypermutable isolates. Eighty steers in 16 pens were treated with eight combinations of promoters, and each treatment was duplicated. Fecal samples were collected at nine different sampling times for detection of E. coli O157. Overall, 50 E. coli O157 isolates were detected in treated animals, and none were found in untreated animals. Compared with untreated controls, there was a significant association between the utilization of growth-promoting agents or antibiotics and the shedding of E. coli O157 at day 137 (P = 0.03), when a prevalence peak was observed and 50% of the isolates were detected. Multiplex PCR assays were conducted for some virulence genes. PCR results indicated that all except one isolate possessed at least the Shiga toxin gene stx2. MICs for 12 antibiotics were determined, and eight oxytetracycline-resistant E. coli O157 strains were identified. Antibiotic-resistant strains were considered a distinct subpopulation of E. coli O157 by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis typing. Seven of these antibiotic-resistant strains were isolated early in the study (on or before day 25), and among them two were also hypermutable as determined by rifampin mutation frequencies. The proportion of hypermutable strains among E. coli O157 isolates remained relatively constant throughout the study period. These results indicate that the use of growth-promoting agents and antibiotics in beef production may increase the risk of environmental contamination by E. coli O157.

scholarly journals Unexpected Prevalence of eae-Positive Escherichia coli in the Animas River, Durango, Colorado

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 195
Author(s):  
Steve Hamner ◽  
Steven D. Fenster ◽  
Benjamin T. Nance ◽  
Katherine A. McLain ◽  
Kami S. Parrish-Larson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Virulence Gene ◽  
Urban Setting ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Biology Students ◽  
E Coli ◽  
The Us ◽  
Us Epa ◽  
Mammalian Origin ◽  
Animas River

Since 2014, biology students at Fort Lewis College have studied the water quality of the Animas River in Durango, Colorado. Environmental microbiology and molecular biology techniques have been employed to study Escherichia coli isolates from the river and to define characteristics of the bacteria related to public health. E. coli was found in the river, as well as in culverts and tributary creeks that drain into the river within the Durango city limits. Concentrations of E. coli in the river occasionally exceeded the US EPA guideline of 126 CFU per 100 mL for recreational water use. Many of the E. coli isolates were able to be grown at 45 °C, an indication of mammalian origin. Unexpectedly, 8% of the isolates contained the intimin (eae) gene, a virulence gene characteristic of two pathotypes of E. coli, the enterohemorrhagic and enteropathogenic E. coli. Several isolates tested were resistant to multiple antibiotics commonly used in animal and human medicine. Further study is warranted to determine the source of these bacteria entering the Animas River, and to further characterize the possible disease potential of multi-antibiotic resistant and virulence gene-containing isolates found in a semi-rural/urban setting.

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