scholarly journals K1 Antigen Is Associated with Different AST Profile in Escherichia coli: A One-Month-Long Pilot Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1884
Author(s):  
Maelys Proquot ◽  
Lovasoa Najaraly Jamal ◽  
Chloe Plouzeau-Jayle ◽  
Anthony Michaud ◽  
Lauranne Broutin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Bacterial Surface ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
K Antigen

Escherichia coli is responsible for diseases of varying severity. The “K” antigen designates the capsular polysaccharides on the bacterial surface, which are mostly similar to those of highly pathogenic bacteria. The K1 antigen is often found in pathogenic E. coli. Aim: While the published studies on the AST profile of K1-positive E. coli have focused on pregnant women or newborns, this study aimed to characterize the AST profile of K1-positive E. coli independently of the clinical sample of isolation. Over a 4-week-long period, all patients hospitalized/consulting at the Poitiers University Hospital presenting a determined AST on E. coli were prospectively included to define their K1-status (Pastorex Meningitis) and to collect the clinical (age/sex) or biological metadata (AST/MIC). Among the 296 included samples, no differential representation was observed between K1 results regarding sample nature. K1-negative results were associated with multiple antibiotic-resistance (12.3% vs. 33.0%; p < 0.01). AST phenotypes differed between these groups, with a higher proportion of K1-negativity among resistant strains, especially on β-lactams (ureidopenicillin, 25.8% vs. 14.9%; and ampicillin/inhibitor, 50.0% vs. 26.8%; p < 0.05) or quinolone (19.8% vs. 7.0%) and sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (30.2% vs. 12.3%) (p < 0.01). This study analyzed E. coli ASTs in clinical samples of all types, regarding their K1-antigen status.

Prevalence of antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli isolated from urban and agricultural streams in Canterbury, New Zealand

2019 ◽  
Vol 366 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie Van Hamelsveld ◽  
Muyiwa E Adewale ◽  
Brigitta Kurenbach ◽  
William Godsoe ◽  
Jon S Harding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Freshwater Ecosystems ◽  
Urban Setting ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Mesophilic Bacteria ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Population Counts

Abstract Baseline studies are needed to identify environmental reservoirs of non-pathogenic but associating microbiota or pathogenic bacteria that are resistant to antibiotics and to inform safe use of freshwater ecosystems in urban and agricultural settings. Mesophilic bacteria and Escherichia coli were quantified and isolated from water and sediments of two rivers, one in an urban and one in an agricultural area near Christchurch, New Zealand. Resistance of E. coli to one or more of nine different antibiotics was determined. Additionally, selected strains were tested for conjugative transfer of resistances. Despite having similar concentrations of mesophilic bacteria and E. coli, the rivers differed in numbers of antibiotic-resistant E. coli isolates. Fully antibiotic-susceptible and -resistant strains coexist in the two freshwater ecosystems. This study was the first phase of antibiotic resistance profiling in an urban setting and an intensifying dairy agroecosystem. Antibiotic-resistant E. coli may pose different ingestion and contact risks than do susceptible E. coli. This difference cannot be seen in population counts alone. This is an important finding for human health assessments of freshwater systems, particularly where recreational uses occur downstream.

scholarly journals ANALISIS BAKTERI Escherichia coli PADA MAKANAN SIAP SAJI DI KANTIN RUMAH SAKIT X DAN KANTIN RUMAH SAKIT Y

Jurnal BIOMA ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inggit Saridewi ◽  
Arief Pambudi ◽  
Yulia Fitria Ningrum
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Biochemical Test ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Confirmation Test ◽  
Equipment Utilization

The increasing human activity makes the preference for fast food increases. However, some people do not pay attention to the hygiene conditions of food processed from food stalls. Food handlers, equipment utilization, food processing, clean water, and the packaging are the critical points of bacterial contamination. Escherichia coli is a bacterium that usually used as the indicator of food hygiene. The objective of this study is to examine the contamination of coliform bacteria, especially E. coli at two hospital cafeteria by using MPN method and questionnaire regarding the implementation of the basic principles of hygiene. Stages of tests performed that are the presumption test, confirmation test, complementary test, gram stain test, biochemical test IMViC and supported by a questionnaire. From the two locations tested, some samples showed positive result in a presumption test and confirmation test but negatively complementary to biochemical test. This indicates that the sample does not contain E. coli bacteria in food, but there is the possibility of Citrobacter. The negative results of the IMVIC test showed that it is possible bacteria found in the presumption test and confirmation test not E. coli and non-pathogenic bacteria. Based on the results of the questionnaire, most of restaurant owner has understood to served food. Food at the hospital X and Y cafetaria are safe to consume because it has a negative E.coli.

scholarly journals Dissemination of CTX-M-3 and CMY-2 β-Lactamases among Clinical Isolates of Escherichia coli in Southern Taiwan

2000 ◽  
Vol 38 (12) ◽  
pp. 4320-4325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing-Jou Yan ◽  
Wen-Chien Ko ◽  
Shu-Huei Tsai ◽  
Hsiu-Mei Wu ◽  
Ying-Tai Jin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Hospital Environment ◽  
Confirmatory Test ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Southern Taiwan ◽  
High Level

A total of 1,210 clinical isolates of Escherichia colicollected from a university hospital in southern Taiwan were screened for production of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs). Expression of classical ESBLs (resistant to extended-spectrum β-lactam agents and susceptible to β-lactam inhibitors) was inferred in 18 isolates by the phenotypic confirmatory test. These included 10 isolates producing CTX-M-3, 2 strains carrying SHV-12, 1 strain harboring SHV-5, 1 strain expressing TEM-10, and 4 strains producing unidentifiable ESBLs with a pI of 8.05, 8.0, or 7.4. Eighteen isolates that showed decreased susceptibilities to ceftazidime and/or cefotaxime, negative results for the confirmatory test, and high-level resistance to cefoxitin (MICs of ≥128 μg/ml) were also investigated. Five isolates were found to produce CMY-2 AmpC enzymes, one isolate carried both CTX-M-3 and CMY-2, and the remaining three and nine isolates expressed putative AmpC β-lactamases with pIs of >9.0 and 8.9, respectively. Thus, together with the isolate producing CTX-M-3 and CMY-2, 19 (1.6%) isolates produced classical ESBLs. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis revealed that all isolates carrying CTX-M-3 and/or CMY-2 were genetically unrelated, indicating that dissemination of resistance plasmids was responsible for the spread of these two enzymes amongE. coli in this area. Among the 16 isolates expressing CTX-M-3 and/or CMY-2, 5 might have colonized outside the hospital environment. Our data indicate that CTX-M-3 and CMY-2, two β-lactamases initially identified in Europe, have been disseminated to and are prevalent in Taiwan.

scholarly journals Emergence of Nosocomial Pneumonia Caused by Colistin-Resistant Escherichia coli in Patients Admitted to Chest Intensive Care Unit

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed A. El-Mokhtar ◽  
Enas Daef ◽  
Aliae A. R. Mohamed Hussein ◽  
Maiada K. Hashem ◽  
Hebatallah M. Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Nosocomial Pneumonia ◽  
Resistance Rate ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Colistin Resistance ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Resistant Strains

(1) Background: Colistin is a last-resort antibiotic used in treating multidrug-resistant Gram-negative infections. The growing emergence of colistin resistance in Escherichia coli (E. coli) represents a serious health threat, particularly to intensive care unit (ICU) patients. (2) Methods: In this work, we investigated the emergence of colistin resistance in 140 nosocomial E. coli isolated from patients with pneumonia and admitted to the chest ICU over 36 months. Virulence and resistance-related genes and E. coli pathotypes in colistin-resistant and colistin-sensitive isolates were determined. (3) Results: Colistin resistance was observed in 21/140 (15%) of the nosocomial E. coli isolates. The MIC50 of the resistant strains was 4 mg/L, while MIC90 was 16 mg/L. Colistin-resistant isolates were also co-resistant to amoxicillin, amoxicillin/clavulanic, aztreonam, ciprofloxacin, and chloramphenicol. The mechanism of colistin resistance was represented by the presence of mcr-1 in all resistant strains. Respectively, 42.9% and 36.1% of colistin-resistant and colistin-sensitive groups were extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) producers, while 23.8% and 21% were metallo β-lactamase (MBL) producers. blaTEM-type was the most frequently detected ESBL gene, while blaIMP-type was the most common MBL in both groups. Importantly, most resistant strains showed a significantly high prevalence of astA (76.2%), aggR (76.2%), and pic (52.4%) virulence-related genes. Enteroaggregative E. coli (76%) was the most frequently detected genotype among the colistin-resistant strains. (4) Conclusion: The high colistin resistance rate observed in E. coli strains isolated from patients with nosocomial pneumonia in our university hospital is worrisome. These isolates carry different drug resistance and virulence-related genes. Our results indicate the need for careful monitoring of colistin resistance in our university hospital. Furthermore, infection control policies restricting the unnecessary use of extended-spectrum cephalosporins and carbapenems are necessary.

scholarly journals Inhibition of MurA Enzyme from Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus by Diterpenes from Lepechinia meyenii and Their Synthetic Analogs

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1535
Author(s):  
Macarena Funes Chabán ◽  
Martina Hrast ◽  
Rok Frlan ◽  
Dafni G. Graikioti ◽  
Constantinos M. Athanassopoulos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Plant Origin ◽  
Synthetic Analogs ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Ic50 Values ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Hydroxy Groups ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus

Enzymes MurA and MurF, involved in bacterial cell wall synthesis, have been validated as targets for the discovery of novel antibiotics. A panel of plant-origin antibacterial diterpenes and synthetic analogs derived therefrom were investigated for their inhibitory properties on these enzymes from Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Six compounds were proven to be effective for inhibiting MurA from both bacteria, with IC50 values ranging from 1.1 to 25.1 µM. To further mechanistically investigate the nature of binding and to explain the activity, these compounds were docked into the active site of MurA from E. coli. The aromatic ring of the active compounds showed a T-shaped π–π interaction with the phenyl ring of Phe328, and at least one hydrogen bond was formed between the hydroxy groups and Arg120 and/or Arg91. The results disclosed here establish new chemical scaffolds for the development of novel entities targeting MurA as potential antibiotics to combat the threat of pathogenic bacteria, particularly resistant strains.

scholarly journals High-density transposon libraries utilising outward-oriented promoters identify mechanisms of action and resistance to antimicrobials

2020 ◽  
Vol 367 (22) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Coward ◽  
Gopujara Dharmalingham ◽  
Omar Abdulle ◽  
Tim Avis ◽  
Stephan Beisken ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Selective Advantage ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Over Expression ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Synthase Inhibitor ◽  
Established Technique ◽  
Bacterial Transposon

ABSTRACT The use of bacterial transposon mutant libraries in phenotypic screens is a well-established technique for determining which genes are essential or advantageous for growth in conditions of interest. Standard, inactivating, transposon libraries cannot give direct information about genes whose over-expression gives a selective advantage. We report the development of a system wherein outward-oriented promoters are included in mini-transposons, generation of transposon mutant libraries in Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and their use to probe genes important for growth under selection with the antimicrobial fosfomycin, and a recently-developed leucyl-tRNA synthase inhibitor. In addition to the identification of known mechanisms of action and resistance, we identify the carbon–phosphorous lyase complex as a potential resistance liability for fosfomycin in E. coli and P. aeruginosa. The use of this technology can facilitate the development of novel mechanism-of-action antimicrobials that are urgently required to combat the increasing threat worldwide from antimicrobial-resistant pathogenic bacteria.

PCR for the Specific Detection of an Escherichia coli O157:H7 Laboratory Control Strain

2015 ◽  
Vol 78 (9) ◽  
pp. 1738-1744 ◽  
Author(s):  
MICHAEL KNOWLES ◽  
DOMINIC LAMBERT ◽  
GEORGE HUSZCZYNSKI ◽  
MARTINE GAUTHIER ◽  
BURTON W. BLAIS
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Control Measure ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Food Microbiology ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
Control Strain ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Signature Sequences ◽  
Materials Used

Control strains of bacterial pathogens such as Escherichia coli O157:H7 are commonly processed in parallel with test samples in food microbiology laboratories as a quality control measure to assure the satisfactory performance of materials used in the analytical procedure. Before positive findings can be reported for risk management purposes, analysts must have a means of verifying that pathogenic bacteria (e.g., E. coli O157:H7) recovered from test samples are not due to inadvertent contamination with the control strain routinely handled in the laboratory environment. Here, we report on the application of an in-house bioinformatic pipeline for the identification of unique genomic signature sequences in the development of specific oligonucleotide primers enabling the identification of a common positive control strain, E. coli O157:H7 (ATCC 35150), using a simple PCR procedure.

scholarly journals A Statistical Model for Assessing Sample Size for Bacterial Colony Selection: A Case Study of Escherichia Coli and Avian Cellulitis

2000 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 118-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randall S. Singer ◽  
Wesley O. Johnson ◽  
Joan S. Jeffrey ◽  
Richard P. Chin ◽  
Tim E. Carpenter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Statistical Model ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Agar Plate ◽  
Sample Sizes ◽  
Simple Task ◽  
Single Strain ◽  
Bacterial Colony ◽  
E Coli

A general problem for microbiologists is determining the number of phenotypically similar colonies growing on an agar plate that must be analyzed in order to be confident of identifying all of the different strains present in the sample. If a specified number of colonies is picked from a plate on which the number of unique strains of bacteria is unknown, assigning a probability of correctly identifying all of the strains present on the plate is not a simple task. With Escherichia coli of avian cellulitis origin as a case study, a statistical model was designed that would delineate sample sizes for efficient and consistent identification of all the strains of phenotypically similar bacteria in a clinical sample. This model enables the microbiologist to calculate the probability that all of the strains contained within the sample are correctly identified and to generate probability-based sample sizes for colony identification. The probability of cellulitis lesions containing a single strain of E. coli was 95.4%. If one E. coli strain is observed out of three colonies randomly selected from a future agar plate, the probability is 98.8% that only one strain is on the plate. These results are specific for this cellulitis E. coli scenario. For systems in which the number of bacterial strains per sample is variable, this model provides a quantitative means by which sample sizes can be determined.

Mannose-Binding Activity of Escherichia coli: a Determinant of Attachment and Ingestion of the Bacteria by Macrophages

1980 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 417-424
Author(s):  
Zvi Bar-Shavit ◽  
Rachel Goldman ◽  
Itzhak Ofek ◽  
Nathan Sharon ◽  
David Mirelman
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Stationary Phase ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Binding Activity ◽  
Exponential Phase ◽  
Restrictive Temperature ◽  
Filamentous Bacteria ◽  
Phagocytic Cells ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Mannose Binding

Recently, it was suggested that a mannose-specific lectin on the bacterial cell surface is responsible for the recognition by phagocytic cells of certain nonopsonized Escherichia coli strains. In this study we assessed the interaction of two strains of E. coli at different phases of growth with a monolayer of mouse peritoneal macrophages and developed a direct method with [ 14 C]mannan to quantitate the bacterial mannose-binding activity. Normal-sized bacteria were obtained from logarithmic and stationary phases of growth. Nonseptated filamentous cells were formed by growing the organisms in the presence of cephalexin or at a restrictive temperature. Attachment to macrophages of all bacterial forms was inhibited by methyl α- d -mannoside and mannan but not by other sugars tested. The attachment of stationary phase and filamentous bacteria to macrophages, as well as their mannose-binding activity, was similar, whereas in the exponential-phase bacteria they were markedly reduced. The results show a linear relation between the two parameters ( R = 0.98, P < 0.001). The internalization of the filamentous cells attached to macrophages during 45 min of incubation was much less efficient (20%) compared to that of exponential-phase, stationary-phase, or antibody-coated filamentous bacteria (90%). The results indicate that the mannose-binding activity of E. coli determines the recognition of the organisms by phagocytes. They further suggest that administration of β-lactam antibiotics may impair elimination of certain pathogenic bacteria by inducing the formation of filaments which are inefficiently internalized by the host's phagocytic cells.

scholarly journals Genotyping and antimicrobial resistance in Escherichia coli from pig carcasses

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (11) ◽  
pp. 1253-1260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Pissetti ◽  
Gabriela Orosco Werlang ◽  
Jalusa Deon Kich ◽  
Marisa Cardoso
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Commensal Bacteria ◽  
Pfge Analysis ◽  
Gene Detection ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance Profile ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Pig Carcasses

ABSTRACT: The increasing antimicrobial resistance observed worldwide in bacteria isolated from human and animals is a matter of extreme concern and has led to the monitoring of antimicrobial resistance in pathogenic and commensal bacteria. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial resistance profile of Escherichia coli isolated from pig carcasses and to assess the occurrence of relevant resistance genes. A total of 319 E. coli isolates were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility against different antimicrobial agents. Moreover, the presence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) and inducible ampC-β-lactamase producers was investigated. Eighteen multi-resistant strains were chosen for resistance gene detection and PFGE characterization. The study showed that resistance to antimicrobials is widespread in E. coli isolated from pig carcasses, since 86.2% of the strains were resistant to at least one antimicrobial and 71.5% displayed multi-resistance profiles. No ampC-producing isolates were detected and only one ESBL-producing E. coli was identified. Genes strA (n=15), floR (n=14), aac(3)IVa (n=13), tetB (n=13), sul2 (n=12), tetA (n=11), aph(3)Ia (n=8) and sul3 (n=5) were detected by PCR. PFGE analysis of these multi-resistant E. coli strains showed less than 80% similarity among them. We conclude that antimicrobial multi-resistant E. coli strains are common on pig carcasses and present highly diverse genotypes and resistance phenotypes and genotypes.

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