A Mutation in an HSP90 Gene Affects the Sexual Cycle and Suppresses Vegetative Incompatibility in the Fungus Podospora anserina

Vegetative incompatibility is widespread in fungi but its molecular mechanism and biological function are still poorly understood. A way to study vegetative incompatibility is to investigate the function of genes whose mutations suppress this phenomenon. In Podospora anserina, these genes are known as mod genes. In addition to suppressing vegetative incompatibility, mod mutations cause some developmental defects. This suggests that the molecular mechanisms of vegetative incompatibility and development pathways are interconnected. The mod-E1 mutation was isolated as a suppressor of the developmental defects of the mod-D2 strain. We show here that mod-E1 also partially suppresses vegetative incompatibility, strengthening the link between development and vegetative incompatibility. mod-E1 is the first suppressor of vegetative incompatibility characterized at the molecular level. It encodes a member of the Hsp90 family, suggesting that development and vegetative incompatibility use common steps of a signal transduction pathway. The involvement of mod-E in the sexual cycle has also been further investigated.

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MOD-D, a Gα Subunit of the Fungus Podospora anserina, Is Involved in Both Regulation of Development and Vegetative Incompatibility

Genetics ◽

10.1093/genetics/152.2.519 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 152 (2) ◽

pp. 519-528 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Gabriel Loubradou ◽

Joël Bégueret ◽

Béatrice Turcq

Keyword(s):

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Biological Function ◽

Podospora Anserina ◽

Developmental Pathways ◽

Vegetative Incompatibility ◽

Developmental Defects ◽

Camp Pathway ◽

Suppressor Effect ◽

Mutant Strains ◽

Incompatibility Reaction

Abstract Cell death via vegetative incompatibility is widespread in fungi but molecular mechanism and biological function of the process are poorly understood. One way to investigate this phenomenon was to study genes named mod that modified incompatibility reaction. In this study, we cloned the mod-D gene that encodes a Gα protein. The mod-D mutant strains present developmental defects. Previously, we showed that the mod-E gene encodes an HSP90. The mod-E1 mutation suppresses both vegetative incompatibility and developmental defects due to the mod-D mutation. Moreover, we isolated the PaAC gene, which encodes an adenylate cyclase, as a partial suppressor of the mod-D1 mutation. Our previous results showed that the molecular mechanisms involved in vegetative incompatibility and developmental pathways are connected, suggesting that vegetative incompatibility may result from disorders in some developmental steps. Our new result corroborates the involvement of mod genes in signal transduction pathways. As expected, we showed that an increase in the cAMP level is able to suppress the defects in vegetative growth due to the mod-D1 mutation. However, cAMP increase has no influence on the suppressor effect of the mod-D1 mutation on vegetative incompatibility, suggesting that this suppressor effect is independent of the cAMP pathway.

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An Efficient Method to Identify Conditionally Activated Transcription Factors and their Corresponding Signal Transduction Pathway Segments

Bioinformatics and Biology Insights ◽

10.4137/bbi.s3485 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 3 ◽

pp. BBI.S3485

Author(s):

Haiyan Hu

Keyword(s):

Signal Transduction ◽

Transcription Factors ◽

Efficient Method ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Target Genes ◽

Signal Transduction Pathway ◽

Protein Interaction Data ◽

Transduction Pathway ◽

Binding Data ◽

Microarray Datasets

A signal transduction pathway (STP) is a cascade composed of a series of signal transferring steps, which often activate one or more transcription factors (TFs) to control the transcription of target genes. Understanding signaling pathways is important to our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of disease. Many condition-annotated pathways have been deposited in public databases. However, condition-annotated pathways are far from complete, considering the large number of possible conditions. Computational methods to assist in the identification of conditionally activated pathways are greatly needed. In this paper, we propose an efficient method to identify conditionally activated pathway segments starting from the identification of conditionally activated TFs, by incorporating protein-DNA binding data, gene expression data and protein interaction data. Applying our methods on several microarray datasets, we have discovered many significantly activated TFs and their corresponding pathway segments, which are supported by evidence in the literature.

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The Mechanism of MAPK Signal Transduction Pathway Involved with Electroacupuncture Treatment for Different Diseases

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2019/8138017 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Weibin Du ◽

Huahui Hu ◽

Jiangsong Zhang ◽

Guanai Bao ◽

Rongliang Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Signal Transduction ◽

Electrical Stimulation ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Signal Transduction Pathway ◽

Cerebrovascular Diseases ◽

Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase ◽

Signal Pathways ◽

Transduction Pathway ◽

Analgesic Effects ◽

Electroacupuncture Treatment

The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signal transduction pathway plays an important role in the regulation of various diseases, such as cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and takes part in anti-inflammatory effects, analgesic effects, protection against injury, and maintenance of gastrointestinal functions. Electroacupuncture therapy is an external therapy used in traditional Chinese medicine. By adding external electrical stimulation to traditional acupuncture, the stimulus gets doubled and the therapeutic efficacy gets enhanced accordingly. It combines the benefits of both acupuncture and electrical stimulation. In recent years, some studies have explored the molecular mechanisms of MAPK signal pathways involved with electroacupuncture treatment. Based on these recent studies, this article summarizes the mechanisms of MAPK signal transduction pathways involved with electroacupuncture treatment. This adds great value to the studies of molecular mechanisms of electroacupuncture treatment and also provides an effective reference for its clinical use.

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