Metabolomic Changes are Predictive of Aging in Laying Hens

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inna Bendikov-Bar ◽  
Sergey Malitsky ◽  
Maxim Itkin ◽  
Mark Ruzal ◽  
Dror Sagi
Keyword(s):  
Laying Hens ◽  
Laying Hen ◽  
Housing Conditions ◽  
Biomarkers Of Aging ◽  
Metabolomic Profiling ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
The Mean ◽  
First Time ◽  
Biomarker Of Aging

Abstract Aging in vertebrates is an extremely complex process that is still poorly understood. One confining factor to studying vertebrate aging is the lack of appropriate models. The laying hen is a good model to study vertebrate aging, as it can be maintained under standard housing conditions, its breeds are genetically well defined and it exhibits significant aging phenotypes at around 18 months of age. Furthermore, laying hens are maintained in a challenging realistic environment and possess a fully functional immune system. Here we used, for the first time, metabolomic profiling of laying hens' blood for identifying biomarkers of aging. Random forest classifier was used to quantify the quality of the markers and found that the markers can predict the correct age group of individuals with 90% accuracy. Animals under time-restricted feeding, a condition known to increase healthspan, appeared younger under the markers, indicating that the aging biomarkers can also predict the effectiveness of environmental treatments. Additionally, we found that noise, defined as the ratio between the standard deviation and the mean, is an exceptionally robust and universal biomarker of aging, as metabolomic noise increases significantly with age in laying hens, humans, and mice. Our study suggests the laying hen as a useful model to study aging in vertebrates and establishes metabolomic noise as a novel, universal biomarker of aging.

scholarly journals P1398 Echocardiographic continuous monitoring of exercise stress test using probe fixation device

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
K Wdowiak-Okrojek ◽  
P Wejner-Mik ◽  
Z Bednarkiewicz ◽  
P Lipiec ◽  
J D Kasprzak
Keyword(s):  
Image Quality ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
Exercise Stress Test ◽  
Bicycle Ergometer ◽  
Exercise Stress ◽  
Fixation Device ◽  
The Mean ◽  
First Time

Abstract Background Stress echocardiography (SE) plays an important role among methods of noninvasive diagnosis of ischemic disease. Despite the advantages of physical exercise as the most physiologic stressor, it is difficult (bicycle ergometer) or impossible (treadmill) to obtain and maintain the acoustic window during the exercise. Recently, an innovative probe fixation device was introduced and a research plan was developed to assess the feasibility of external probe fixation during exercise echocardiography on a supine bicycle and upright treadmill exercise for the first time. Methods 37 subjects (36 men, mean age 39 ± 16 years, 21 healthy volunteers, 16 patients with suspected coronary artery disease) were included in this study. This preliminary testing stage included mostly men due to more problematic probe fixation in women. All subjects underwent a submaximal exercise stress test on a treadmill (17/37) or bicycle ergometer (11/37). Both sector and matrix probes were used. We assessed semi-quantitatively the quality of acquired apical views at each stage – the four-point grading system was used (0-no view, 1-suboptimal quality, 2-optimal quality, 3-very good quality), 2-3 sufficient for diagnosis. Results The mean time required for careful positioning of the probe and image optimization was 12 ± 3 min and shortened from 13,7 to 11,1 minutes (mean) in first vs second half of the cohort documenting learning curve. At baseline, 9 patients had at least one apical view of quality precluding reliable analysis. Those patients were excluded from further assessment. During stress, 17 patients maintained the optimal or very good quality of all apical views, whereas in 11 patients the quality significantly decreased during the stress test and required probe repositioning. The mean image quality score at baseline was 2,61 ± 0,48 and 2,25 ± 0,6 after exercise. Expectedly, good image quality was easier to obtain and maintain in the supine position (score 2,74 ± 0,44) points as compared with upright position (score 2,25 ± 0,57). Conclusion This preliminary, unique experience with external probe fixation device indicates that continuous acquisition and monitoring of echocardiographic images is feasible during physical exercise, and for the first time ever - also on the treadmill. This feasibility data stem from almost exclusively male patients and the estimated rate of sufficient image quality throughout the entire test is currently around 60%. We are hoping, that gaining more experience with the product could increase the success rate on exercise tests. Abstract P1398 Figure. Treadmill and ergometer stress test

scholarly journals Assessment of the quality of OSIRIS mesospheric temperatures using satellite and ground-based measurements

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. 2993-3006 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. E. Sheese ◽  
K. Strong ◽  
E. J. Llewellyn ◽  
R. L. Gattinger ◽  
J. M. Russell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Imaging ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Cold Bias ◽  
Temperature Profiles ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
The University ◽  
First Time ◽  
Upper Boundary

Abstract. The Optical Spectrograph and InfraRed Imaging System (OSIRIS) on the Odin satellite is currently in its 12th year of observing the Earth's limb. For the first time, continuous temperature profiles extending from the stratopause to the upper mesosphere have been derived from OSIRIS measurements of Rayleigh-scattered sunlight. Through most of the mesosphere, OSIRIS temperatures are in good agreement with coincident temperature profiles derived from other satellite and ground-based measurements. In the altitude region of 55–80 km, OSIRIS temperatures are typically within 4–5 K of those from the SABER, ACE-FTS, and SOFIE instruments on the TIMED, SciSat-I, and AIM satellites, respectively. The mean differences between individual OSIRIS profiles and those of the other satellite instruments are typically within the combined uncertainties and previously reported biases. OSIRIS temperatures are typically within 2 K of those from the University of Western Ontario's Purple Crow Lidar in the altitude region of 52–79 km, where the mean differences are within combined uncertainties. Near 84 km, OSIRIS temperatures exhibit a cold bias of 10–15 K, which is due to a cold bias in OSIRIS O2 A-band temperatures at 85 km, the upper boundary of the Rayleigh-scatter derived temperatures; and near 48 km OSIRIS temperatures exhibit a cold bias of 5–15 K, which is likely due to multiple-scatter effects that are not taken into account in the retrieval.

scholarly journals Privatising public prisons: Penality, law and practice

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 473-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison Liebling ◽  
Amy Ludlow
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Private Prisons ◽  
The Third ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Private Management ◽  
First Time ◽  
Work And Life

In October 2011, HM Prison Birmingham was transferred from public to private management, under G4S. This was the first time that an existing operational public prison was privatised in the UK. The move marked the third and most far reaching phase of prison privatisation policy, and was intended both to increase quality of life for prisoners, from a low baseline, and to reduce costs. Prior to 2011, private prisons had all been new-builds. Private contractors had thus far avoided the additional challenges of inheriting a pre-existing workforce and operating in old, often unsuitable, buildings. This article reports on a longitudinal evaluation of the complex process of the transition, and some outcomes for both staff and prisoners. As an experiment in the reorganisation of work and life in a ‘traditional’ public sector prison, the exercise was unprecedented, and has set the agenda for future transformations. The example illustrates the intense, distinctive and rapidly changing nature of penality as it makes itself felt in the lived prison experience, and raises important questions about the changing use of State power.

scholarly journals Differences in oviposition and egg quality of various genotypes of laying hens

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (No. 9) ◽  
pp. 377-383 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Tůmová ◽  
J. Vlčková ◽  
D. Chodová
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Laying Hen ◽  
Sequence Length ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Egg Weight ◽  
Egg Shell ◽  
Egg Components

The differences in egg production traits in six laying hen genotypes (brown-egg hens Bovans Brown, Bovans Sperwer, ISA Sussex; white-egg hen Dekalb White; laying hens with tinted shells Moravia Barred and Moravia BSL) and the interactions of genotype and oviposition on egg quality were evaluated. The genotype affected the laying rate (P ≤ 0.003), mean sequence length (P ≤ 0.001), and time of oviposition (P ≤ 0.001). The brown-egg genotypes laid eggs approximately 1 h earlier than the white-egg genotypes and approximately 2 h earlier than the tinted-egg genotypes. Egg shell strength was the lowest in tinted-egg genotypes (P ≤ 0.001) and declined with the time of oviposition (P ≤ 0.002). Egg shell percentage (P ≤ 0.011) and thickness (P ≤ 0.011) were affected by the interaction of genotype and oviposition. None of the effects affected egg weight; however, the proportion of egg components was significantly influenced by the interaction of genotype and oviposition. The study confirmed that the differences in the egg production and egg quality of various genotypes are associated with the laying pattern.

An Australian National Survey of the Microbiological Quality of Frozen Boneless Beef and Beef Primal Cuts

2012 ◽  
Vol 75 (10) ◽  
pp. 1862-1866 ◽  
Author(s):  
DAVID PHILLIPS ◽  
KATHRYN BRIDGER ◽  
IAN JENSON ◽  
JOHN SUMNER
Keyword(s):  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Biceps Femoris ◽  
Viable Count ◽  
Longissimus Dorsi ◽  
Total Viable Count ◽  
E Coli ◽  
The Mean ◽  
First Time ◽  
Coagulase Positive Staphylococci

The fourth national baseline microbiological survey of Australian beef was conducted in 2011, including frozen boneless beef and, for the first time, samples from selected beef primal cuts. Cartons of frozen boneless beef (n = 1,165) sampled at 29 boning (fabrication) plants were found to have a mean total viable count of 2.2 log CFU/g, and the mean count for the 2.1% of samples with detectable Escherichia coli was 1.3 log CFU/g. The mean total viable counts for striploins (longissimus dorsi, n = 572) and outsides (biceps femoris, n = 572) were 1.3 and 1.5 log CFU/cm2 respectively. E. coli isolates were obtained from 10.7 and 25.2% of striploins and outsides, respectively, with mean counts of −0.5 and −0.3 log CFU/cm2 on positive samples. E. coli O157:H7, Salmonella, and Campylobacter were not isolated from any primal cut samples, and Salmonella was not isolated from any of the boneless product (E. coli O157:H7 and Campylobacter were not tested for). Listeria spp. were not detected in any of the boneless product, and one Listeria isolate was obtained on 1 (0.2%) of 572 striploin samples. Coagulase-positive staphylococci were isolated from 3.4% of boneless beef samples, 7.7% of beef striploins, and 8.4% of beef outsides, with positive samples having mean log counts of 1.9 CFU/g, 0.2 CFU/cm2, and 0.2 CFU/cm2, respectively.

scholarly journals Effect of Using Different Resources of Premix in Diet on Some Egg Quality of Layer Hen

2021 ◽  
Vol 923 (1) ◽  
pp. 012041
Author(s):  
Hayder Mahdi Hamzah ◽  
Abbas Salim Hussein Al-Mnachi
Keyword(s):  
Shell Thickness ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Relative Weight ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
General Average ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Significant Superiority ◽  
Care Company

Abstract A total of 84 laying hens, ISA Brown, 60 weeks age, were used, randomly distributed into four treatment groups with 3 replicates for each treatment. The treatments were distributed as follows: T1: added the premix to diet supplied by Nuscience Company. T2: added the premix to diet supplied by Provimi Company. T3: added the premix to diet supplied by Max Care Company. T4: added the premix to diet supplied by INTRACO Company. The results show that there were no significant differences in the relative weight of the shell, except for the mean, a significant superiority of T2 and T4 compared T3, a significant differences in the shell thickness. There were no significant differences in the relative weight of albumin, and a significant superiority in the general average, where T2 outperformed on T4. There were no significant differences in the yolk index. T3 and T2 were significantly superior to T1.

scholarly journals Bacteriological Quality of Raw Ovine Milk from Different Sheep Farms

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1163
Author(s):  
Andualem Tonamo ◽  
István Komlósi ◽  
László Varga ◽  
Levente Czeglédi ◽  
Ferenc Peles
Keyword(s):  
Raw Milk ◽  
Early Morning ◽  
Housing Conditions ◽  
Bulk Tank Milk ◽  
Bacterial Counts ◽  
Bacteriological Quality ◽  
Microbiological Laboratory ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Bulk Tank

The primary purpose of this research was to examine the bacteriological properties of raw ovine milk produced by Merino, Tsigai, Dorper, Lacaune, and British Milk Sheep flocks on four sheep farms located in the eastern part of Hungary. In addition to individual raw milk (IRM) and bulk tank milk (BTM) samples, the udder surface (US) of ewes was also tested for bacteriological quality. A total of 77 US, 77 IRM, and 10 BTM samples were collected in the early morning during regular milking sessions. The samples, kept cooled at temperatures below 4 °C, were delivered to the microbiological laboratory and were examined immediately. The relatively low numbers of bacteria in both US and IRM samples reflected good housing conditions of ewes kept on the four farms studied. However, BTM samples had up to 3.5–4.0 log10 CFU/mL higher mean bacterial counts than their IRM counterparts, and the mean levels of bacteria in BTM on two farms even exceeded the regulatory limit of 6.18 log10 CFU/mL. Further studies need to be performed to clarify this issue.

scholarly journals Supplementation of extract of Lafoensia pacari in the diet of semi heavy laying hens

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 281
Author(s):  
Janaina Da Silva Moreira ◽  
José Henrique Stringhini ◽  
Edemilson Cardoso da Conceição ◽  
Emmanuel Arhnold ◽  
Raiana Almeida Noleto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Tannin Extract ◽  
External Quality ◽  
Egg Weight ◽  
Shell Quality ◽  
The Mean

 It was intended to evaluate the supplementation of Lafoensia pacari standardized in tannins extract in the diet of laying hens on the performance, internal and external quality of eggs and metabolism of the feed nutrients. A total of 168 Isa Brown laying hens, aged 24 weeks, with the mean weight of 2.6 kg and the mean posture rate of 87% were used during 4 periods of 28 days each. The treatments consisted of Halquinol performance-enhancing antibiotic, Mannanoligosaccharide (MOS) prebiotic and three levels of pacari extract – 1,000, 2,000 and 3,000 mg kg-1of feed. The experimental design was completely randomized, with six treatments and seven replicates of four hens each. The pacari standardized in tannin extract presented a percentage of albumen and an egg weight similar to the antibiotic (p < 0.04). The supplementation with the extract improved the shell quality, verified by the specific gravity (p < 0.03) and promoted the metabolizability of ether extract similar to antibiotic and MOS (p < 0.04), allowing its indication as a phytogenic additive. 

scholarly journals The Characteristics and Quality of Egg from Commercial Laying Hens Fed with Garlic (Allium Sativum) Supplemented Ration

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jein Rinny Leke ◽  
Erwin Wantasen ◽  
Florencia Sompie ◽  
Femy Hadidjah Elly ◽  
Ratna Siahan
Keyword(s):  
Shell Thickness ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Laying Hen ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Shell Weight ◽  
Egg Weight ◽  
Garlic Powder

The research aimed to determine the characteristics and quality of egg of commercial laying hens fed ration supplemented with garlic (Allium sativum) powder. The research used Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with five treatments and four replicates (5 hens each) for a total of 100 brown laying hens strain MB 402. Garlic powder contained 24.62% crude protein, 38.81% fat, and 1.74% crude fiber. The treatments of garlic powder ration were 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8%. The treatments performed were dietary, with R0 = 100% based diet (BD); R1= 98% based diet (BD) + 2% garlic meal (GM); R2= 96% based diet (BD) + 4% GM, R3 = 94% based diet (BD) + 6% GM, R4 = 92% based diet (BD) + 8% GM. The study was conducted during eight (8) weeks. Collected data were quality, weight, shell weight, albumen weight and shell thickness of eggs. Data was analyzed with Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and continued with Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The results showed that 8% garlic powder ration increased weight and albumen weight of eggs. There were no significant effect of treatments in yolk weight, shell weight and shell thickness of eggs. Garlic powder supplementation on laying hen ration affected egg weight and albumen weight. The addition of garlic powder on laying hen ration of up to 4% increased egg weight. Albumen weight increased until garlic powder supplementation of up to 8%. It is recommended the use of 8% garlic powder supplementation on lying hen ration without negative effects on egg quality.

Measurement of the consistency of patellar-tendon-bearing cast rectification

2003 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Convery ◽  
A.W.P. Buis ◽  
R. Wilkie ◽  
S. Sockalingam ◽  
A. Blair ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Patellar Tendon ◽  
Axial Direction ◽  
Fibular Head ◽  
Model Data ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Plaster Model ◽  
First Time ◽  
Quality Of Fit ◽  
Plaster Models

The quality of fit of a trans-tibial patellar-tendon-bearing (PTB) socket may be influenced by consistency in casting, rectification or alignment. This paper quantifies, for the first time, the variations in the rectified casts between two experienced prosthetists and the variation between the rectified casts of each individual prosthetist. Prosthetists A and B observed the hand casting of a typical trans-tibial amputee. Each prosthetist was supplied with 5 previously measured duplicated plaster models. The two prosthetists rectified the supplied plaster models based on their own interpretation of basic rectification guidelines. Both prosthetists operated in isolation. The re-measured rectified plaster model data was compared with the unrectified data. The extent of rectification at each of 1800 locations per plaster model was calculated. In zones of major rectification, the mean difference between prosthetists was quantified as 2mm and the standard deviation (SD) about that mean was ±1mm for each prosthetist. The co-ordinates of the apex of the fibular head for the 10 modified casts indicated that the maximum variation was in the axial direction with a SD of 4.3mm for prosthetist A and a SD of 2.8mm for prosthetist B. The lengths of the 5 plaster models rectified by prosthetist A indicated a SD of 0.2mm whereas the lengths of the 5 plaster models rectified by prosthetist B indicated a SD of 2.9mm.

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