scholarly journals Longitudinal Fasting Blood Glucose Trends and Mortality Risk in Mice Differs From That of Non-Human Primates and Humans

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 737-738
Author(s):  
Rafael de Cabo ◽  
Dushani Palliyaguru ◽  
Eric Shiroma ◽  
John Nam ◽  
Luigi Ferrucci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Longitudinal Studies ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Model Organisms ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Trajectories Of Change ◽  
Specific Regulation ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Metabolic Indices ◽  
Health And Mortality

Abstract Longitudinal studies in humans have led to the development of strong predictors of outcomes of health, disease and mortality. Translation from model organisms to human has been faced with species-specific regulation of metabolic function and challenged by the lack of longitudinal studies addressing trajectories of change that can be used, as in humans to predict outcomes. Here we compare longitudinal predictors of health and mortality of three major metabolic indices among mice, non-human primates and humans. Longitudinal fasting blood glucose, body weight and body composition over the lifespan were compared across species, mice, Rhesus monkeys and humans. Survival analysis was conducted to calculate the risk of death for subjects with highest and lowest quartiles of fasting blood glucose. We will present data highlighting species-specific mechanisms of glucose homeostasis over the lifespan and its association with mortality.

scholarly journals Differences in Longitudinal Fasting Blood Glucose and Mortality Risk Across the Lifespan Between Mice and Humans

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 518-518
Author(s):  
Dushani Palliyaguru ◽  
Eric Shiroma ◽  
John Nam ◽  
Luigi Ferrucci ◽  
Rafael de Cabo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Rhesus Monkeys ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Human Biology ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Baltimore Longitudinal Study ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Metabolic Indices ◽  
Health And Mortality

Abstract Aging profoundly affects metabolism where trajectories of metabolic indices serve as strong predictors of health, disease and mortality. Mice and non-human primates are widely used to model all aspects of human biology, including metabolism. However, there is limited knowledge on how different species metabolically age during their life course. Here, we compare longitudinal predictors of health and mortality of three major metabolic indices among mice, non-human primates and humans. Longitudinal fasting blood glucose, body weight and body composition over the lifespan were compared across species in mice (Study of Longitudinal Aging in Mice), Rhesus monkeys (NIA and Wisconsin colonies) and humans (Baltimore Longitudinal Study on Aging). Survival analysis was conducted to calculate the risk of death for subjects with highest and lowest quartiles of fasting blood glucose. We will present data highlighting species-specific mechanisms of glucose homeostasis over the lifespan and its association with mortality.

scholarly journals Association between fasting blood glucose and outcomes and mortality in acute ischaemic stroke patients with diabetes mellitus: a retrospective observational study in Wuhan, China

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. e037291
Author(s):  
Tao Yao ◽  
Yanqiang Zhan ◽  
Jing Shen ◽  
Lu Xu ◽  
Bo Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Ischaemic Stroke ◽  
Acute Ischaemic Stroke ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Chinese Patients ◽  
Stroke Severity ◽  
Unfavourable Outcome ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis ◽  
Risk Of Death

ObjectiveTo evaluate the predictive value of fasting blood glucose (FBG) on unfavourable outcomes and mortality in diabetes mellitus (DM) patients after acute ischaemic stroke (AIS).Study designA hospital-based observational cohort study was conducted. Clinical data, including sex, age, body mass index, vascular risk factors and systolic/diastolic blood pressure, were routinely collected. National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score was used to assess stroke severity on admission. FBG was determined on the first day after fasting for at least 8 hours. The modified Rankin Scale was used to assess functional outcome at 90 days: 3–6, unfavourable outcome and 6, death.SettingRenmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.ParticipantsPatients who had AIS with DM, who were consecutively admitted within 24 hours of onset from January 2018 to June 2019.ResultsFor the 568 patients, the median age was 65 years (IQR, 55–74 years). There were 377 (66.4%) men. The median FBG values were 7.37 mmol/L (IQR, 5.99–10.10 mmol/L), and the median glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) values were 6.6 (IQR, 5.8–8.3). Multivariable logistic and Cox regression analysis of confounding factors showed that FBG at the time of admission was an independent predictor of unfavourable outcome (OR, 1.25 (1.14–1.37); p<0.0001) and mortality (HR, 1.10 (1.03–1.15); p<0.05) at 90 days after onset. Time to death was analysed by Kaplan-Meier curves based on FBG quartiles. The risk of death in the two highest quartile groups (FBG, 7.38–10.10 mmol/L; FBG, ≥10.11 mmol/L) was significantly higher than that in the two lowest quartile groups (FBG, ≤6.00 mmol/L; FBG, 6.01–7.37 mmol/L; p<0.0001).ConclusionsHigher FBG levels are associated with unfavourable outcomes and mortality in Chinese patients who had AIS with DM. Our data contribute to the knowledge regarding the relationship between FBG and prognosis in patients with DM who had AIS.

scholarly journals Association Between Longitudinal Change in Abnormal Fasting Blood Glucose Levels and Outcome of COVID-19 Patients Without Previous Diagnosis of Diabetes

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siwei Song ◽  
Shujing Zhang ◽  
Zhihui Wang ◽  
Sufei Wang ◽  
Yanling Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Longitudinal Change ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Stable Pattern

This retrospective study examined changes in fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels during hospitalization and their effect on risk of death for Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients without previously diagnosed diabetes. A model with low- and high-stable pattern trajectories was established based on a longitudinal change in FBG levels. We analyzed FBG trajectory-associated clinical features and risk factors for death due to COVID-19. Of the 230 enrolled patients, 44 died and 87.83% had a low-stable pattern (average FBG range: 6.63–7.54 mmol/L), and 12.17% had a high-stable pattern (average FBG range: 12.59–14.02 mmol/L). There were statistical differences in laboratory findings and case fatality between the two FBG patterns. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that increased neutrophil count (odds ratio [OR], 25.43; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.07, 313.03), elevated direct bilirubin (OR, 5.80; 95%CI: 1.72, 19.58), elevated creatinine (OR, 26.69; 95% CI: 5.82, 122.29), lymphopenia (OR, 8.07; 95% CI: 2.70, 24.14), and high-stable FBG pattern (OR, 8.79; 95% CI: 2.39, 32.29) were independent risk factors for higher case fatality in patients with COVID-19 and hyperglycemia but no history of diabetes. FBG trajectories were significantly associated with death risk in patients with COVID-19 and no diabetes.

scholarly journals Association of pre- and post-stroke glycemic status with clinical outcome in spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaijiang Kang ◽  
Jingjing Lu ◽  
Yi Ju ◽  
Wenjuan Wang ◽  
Yuan Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Clinical Outcome ◽  
Intracerebral Hemorrhage ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage ◽  
Glycemic Status ◽  
Hematoma Volume ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Poor Outcome

AbstractIn this study, we aimed to disclose the association of pre- and post-stroke glycemic status with clinical outcome in patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH). It was a multicenter, prospective, observational cohort study, conducted in 13 hospitals in Beijing from January 2014 to September 2016. The association of admission random blood glucose (RBG), fasting blood glucose (FBG) and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) with clinical outcome at 90 days after sICH onset were analyzed comprehensively. Poor outcome was defined as death or modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score >2. The results showed that elevated RBG and FBG were associated with larger hematoma volume, lower GCS, higher NIHSS (P < 0.001), and poor outcome, but HbA1c was not (P > 0.05). In stratified analysis, the association of poor outcome with elevated FBG or RBG retained statistical significance just in patients without diabetes. Kaplan-Meier curve and Cox regression showed that patients with elevated FBG or RBG had significantly higher risk of death within 90 days (P < 0.05). So we conclude that poststroke hyperglycemia was associated with larger hematoma volume, severe neurological damage and poor clinical outcome, but HbA1c was not relevant to hematoma volume or clinical outcome in patients with sICH.

Intraoperative Changes in Blood Glucose Levels Increase the Risk of Death in Cardiac Surgery

2006 ◽  
Vol 31 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
H Hager ◽  
E Giorni ◽  
A Felli ◽  
B Mora ◽  
M Hiesmayr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels

Anti-diabetic activity of diphenhydramine in diabetic rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 5067-5070
Author(s):  
Pang Jyh Chayng ◽  
Nurul Ain ◽  
Kaswandi Md Ambia ◽  
Rahim Md Noah
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Insulin Level ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Diabetic Rat ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group I

The purpose of this project is to study the anti-diabetic effect of on a diabetic rat model. A total of Twenty male Sprague rats were used and it randomly distributed into four groups which are Group I: , Group II: negative control, Group III: and Group IV: and . In diabetic model were induced with via injection at the dosage of 65mg/kg. and FBG (Fasting Blood Glucose) level of diabetic rats were assessed every three days. Blood was collected via cardiac puncture at day 21 after the induction of treatment. Insulin level of the rats was assessed with the Mercodia Rat Insulin ELISA kit. FBG level of group I (12.16 ±3.96, p&lt;0.05) and group IV (11.34 ±3.67, p&lt;0.05) were significantly decreased. Meanwhile, the for all rats did not show any significant increase. However, the insulin level was escalated in group IV (0.74+0.25, p&lt;0.05) significantly. The present study shows that the and the combination of and lowered blood glucose level and enhanced insulin secretion.

Effect of Dapagliflozin on Intestinal Flora in MafA-deficient Mice

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (27) ◽  
pp. 3223-3231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luyao Li ◽  
Shiyao Xu ◽  
Tingting Guo ◽  
Shouliang Gong ◽  
Chuan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Intestinal Flora ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
The Body ◽  
Short Chain ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Deficient Mice

Objective: To investigate the effect of dapagliflozin on intestinal microflora in MafA-deficient mice using an animal model of diabetes. Methods: Male MafA-deficient mice were administered dapagliflozin (1.0 mg/kg/d) intragastrically for 6 weeks. Mouse body weights and fasting blood glucose levels were measured, and intestinal short-chain fatty acids were measured by gas chromatography. A series of methods was used to analyse the number of primary harmful bacteria in the faeces, and high-throughput sequencing was used to sequence the changes in intestinal flora. Results: The weight of the mice decreased after dapagliflozin gavage, and fasting blood glucose was significantly lower than that in the control group (P < 0.001). Acetic acid and butyric acid contents in the intestinal tracts of the mice increased, and the growth of harmful microorganisms, such as Clostridium perfringens, enterococci, Enterobacteriaceae, and intestinal enterococci, was inhibited. Blautia is a species found in the experimental group and was significantly different from the control and blank groups as determined by the LDA score from highthroughput sequencing. Conclusion: Dapagliflozin can reduce fasting blood glucose, decrease body weight, increase short-chain fatty acid content, regulate the intestinal microecological balance of the body and promote blood glucose and energy homeostasis.

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