scholarly journals Analysis of Cell and Molecular Phenotypes of a Highly Replicated Longevity-Associated FOXO3 Variant in Older Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 368-368
Author(s):  
Randi Chen ◽  
Richard Allsopp ◽  
Bradley Willcox ◽  
Philip Davy
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Human Longevity ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Cellular Mechanisms ◽  
Cell Dynamics ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Molecular Phenotypes

Abstract Aging demographics in the US, and other industrialized nations, are resulting in rapidly increasing health care costs from age-related diseases. New therapeutic interventions to extend healthspan in older adults requires understanding connections between basic aging biology and human longevity factors. Using clinical samples from the Kuakini Honolulu Heart Program (HHP) and their Offspring, we are examining potential links between molecular and cellular mechanisms of aging and the longevity associated FOXO3 genotype (carriage of SNP rs2802292 “G” allele). Telomere dynamics in leucocytes (LTL) have shown strong correlation with multiple lifestyle and health factors. We previously demonstrated a significant protective relation between FOXO3 longevity genotype and LTL in a cross-sectional study. Now we are assessing a longitudinal relation, at three time points over 20+ years, in older men. We are also exploring stem cell frequency and differentiation capacity in neurological and peripheral blood samples to assess FOXO3 genotype and human cell dynamics.

Kinematic Analysis of Dance-Based Exergaming: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernest K. Ofori ◽  
Savitha Subramaniam ◽  
Shuaijie Wang ◽  
Tanvi Bhatt
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Postural Stability ◽  
Center Of Mass ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Healthy Older Adults ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Aging Populations ◽  
Cortical Pathology

Background: Recent studies demonstrate improvements in both postural stability and mobility among aging populations and those with stroke who are exposed to dance-based exergaming (DBExG). However, age-related deficits and aging with cortical pathology may lead to distinct movement adaptation patterns during DBExG, which could impact therapeutic outcomes.Aim: The aim of this study was to examine the movement kinematics (postural stability and mobility) of healthy older adults, older adults with stroke, and young adults for different paces of dance during DBExG. Method: The study included 33 particpants (11 participant from each group of healthy older adults, older adults with chronic stroke, and healthy young adults) who performed the DBExG using slow- (SP), medium- (MP), and fast-paced (FP) songs with movements in the anteroposterior (AP) and mediolateral (ML) directions. Center of mass (CoM) sway area, excursion (Ex), and peaks as well as hip, knee, and ankle joint excursions were computed. Results: Results of the study revealed that CoM sway areas and Exs were greater for healthy young adults than for older adults with stroke for the SP dance (p < 0.05) and that there were significantly more AP CoM peaks for young adults than for healthy older adults and those with stroke for the FP dance (p < 0.05). Young adults also exhibited greater hip and ankle Exs than older adults with stroke (p < 0.05) for all song paces. Similarly, knee and ankle Exs were greater for healthy older adults than for older adults with stroke for all song paces (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The quantitative evaluation and comparison of the movement patterns presented for the three groups could provide a foundation for both assessing and designing therapeutic DBExG protocols for these populations.

scholarly journals Motility in Frail Older Adults: Operationalization of a New Framework and First Insights into Its Relationship with Physical Activity and Life-Space Mobility: An Exploratory Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (23) ◽  
pp. 8814
Author(s):  
Julia Seinsche ◽  
Wiebren Zijlstra ◽  
Eleftheria Giannouli
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Life Space ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Frail Older Adults ◽  
Relative Contribution ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
Age Related

In order to design effective interventions to prevent age-related mobility loss, it is important to identify influencing factors. The concept of “motility” by Kaufmann et al. subdivides such factors into three categories: “access”, “skills”, and “appropriation”. The aim of this study was to assemble appropriate quantitative assessment tools for the assessment of these factors in frail older adults and to get first insights into their relative contribution for life-space and physical activity-related mobility. This is an exploratory cross-sectional study conducted with twenty-eight at least prefrail, retired participants aged 61–94. Life-space mobility was assessed using the “University of Alabama at Birmingham Life-space Assessment” (LSA) and physical activity using the “German Physical Activity Questionnaire” (PAQ50+). Factors from the category “appropriation”, followed by factors from the category “skills” showed the strongest associations with the LSA. Factors from the category “access” best explained the variance for PAQ50+. This study’s findings indicate the importance of accounting for and examining comprehensive models of mobility. The proposed assessment tools need to be explored in more depth in longitudinal studies with larger sample sizes in order to yield more conclusive results about the appropriateness of the motility concept for such purposes.

scholarly journals Human Ageing is Associated with More Rigid Concept Spaces

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean Devine ◽  
Cassandra Neumann ◽  
David Levari ◽  
Robert Wilson ◽  
Ben Eppinger
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Deficit ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Younger Adults ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Human Ageing ◽  
Experimental Approaches ◽  
Concept Change ◽  
Definition Of

Abstract Prevalence-induced concept change describes a cognitive mechanism by which someone’s definition of a concept shifts as the prevalence of instances of that concept changes. The phenomenon has real-world implications because this sensitivity to environmental characteristics may lead to substantial biases in judgements. While prevalence-induced concept change has been established in young adults, it is unclear how it changes as a function of human ageing. In this cross-sectional study, we explore how prevalence-induced concept change affects older adults’ lower-level, perceptual, and higher-order, ethical, judgements. We find that older adults are less sensitive to prevalence-induced concept change than younger adults across domains. Using a combination of computational and experimental approaches, we demonstrate that these changes in judgements are sensitive to the pace with which the stimuli occur in the environment and are affected by the effort that subjects invest in order to make accurate decisions. Based on findings from three experiments we argue that older adults’ concept spaces are more rigid than those of younger adults. However, what appear as an age-related cognitive “deficit” may turn out to be beneficial because it makes older adults less susceptible to biases in judgments.  

scholarly journals Epidemiology of Frequent/Urgent Urination in Older Adults in China: A Multicenter, Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiwen Zhang ◽  
Xiao-Dan Wang ◽  
Yehua Song ◽  
Ruiqiang Peng ◽  
Ting Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Older Adult ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Chinese Older Adults ◽  
Adult Men ◽  
Age Related

Background: Frequent/urgent urination is an event of multifactorial origin where involuntary leakage of urine occurs. Epidemiological study of this condition is of high importance due to its negative impact on the psychological, physical, and social well-being of the victims.Objective: This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the prevalence of frequent/urgent urination in older adults in China.Method: In this study, a face-to-face questionnaire survey was conducted between April 2019 and August 2019 among 4,796 older adult populations in the communities of Tianjin jizhou and Xiamen jimei of China. Descriptive analysis, univariate regression, and all statistics were conducted in IBM SPSS v22. The count data were analyzed by chi-square test. P &lt; 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: In the total investigated population, the prevalence of frequent or urgent urination was found in 1,164 patients (24.3%) where 31.7% (664/2,097) were male patients and 18.7% (500/2,699) were female patients, having a male-to-female ratio of 1.7:1. The prevalence was higher in the 70- to 84-year-old group (men: 33.3–34.8%, women 19.5–20.8%), whereas it was relatively low in the 65- to 69-year-old group and in older adults over 85 years of age (men 28.8, 30.3%, women 16.7, 18.5%, respectively). In terms of the course of the disease, among the population aged 65 years and above, 17.3% men and 9.9% women had frequent urination/urgency lasting for 1–4 years; 5–9 years in about 4.5% population (7.4% men and 4.2% women); 10–19 years in 4.9% men and 2.3% women; and more than 20 years duration in 1.6% men and 1.9% women. On the severity scale, mild frequent/urgent urination was observed in 24.6% of men and 15.4% women of Chinese older adults. Moderate cases were observed in 6.3% of men and 2.9% of women, whereas severe cases were found in 0.8% men and 0.2% women. Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)/hypertrophy was the main risk factor for frequent/urgent urination in Chinese older adult men (P &lt; 0.001). Obesity, hypertension, diabetes, heart disease, anxiety, depression, constipation, and brain injury were the other risk factors for frequent/urgent urination in Chinese older adult men and women. The results of this survey showed that smoking or drinking habits did not increase the prevalence of frequent/urgent urination in Chinese older adults.Conclusions: According to the results of this survey, the prevalence rate of frequent/urgent urination is high, and the course of the disease is long in Chinese older adults. BPH and depression, anxiety, and age-related chronic diseases increase the risk of frequent/urgent urination in Chinese older adults.

scholarly journals Using the Updated EWGSOP2 Definition in Diagnosing Sarcopenia in Spanish Older Adults: Clinical Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1018
Author(s):  
Anna Arnal-Gómez ◽  
Maria A. Cebrià i Iranzo ◽  
Jose M. Tomas ◽  
Maria A. Tortosa-Chuliá ◽  
Mercè Balasch-Bernat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Case Finding ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Clinical Approach ◽  
Initial Screening ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
European Working

Recently the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP2) has updated diagnostic criteria for sarcopenia, which consist of one or more measures of muscle strength, muscle mass, and physical performance, plus an initial screening test called SARC-F. The main objective was to compare the number of cases of sarcopenia, using the different measurements and screening options. A cross-sectional study was conducted on Spanish older adults (n = 272, 72% women). Combining the different measures proposed by the steps described in the EWGSOP2 algorithm, 12 options were obtained (A–L). These options were studied in each of the three models: (1) using SARC-F as initial screening; (2) not using SARC-F; and (3) using SARC-CalF instead of SARC-F. A χ2 independence test was statistically significant (χ2(6) = 88.41, p < 0.001), and the association between the algorithm used and the classification of sarcopenia was moderate (Cramer’s V = 0.226). We conclude that the different EWGSOP2 measurement options imply case-finding differences in the studied population. Moreover, when applying the SARC-F, the number of people classified as sarcopenic decreases. Finally, when SARC-CalF is used as screening, case finding of sarcopenic people decreases. Thus, clinical settings should consider these outcomes, since these steps can make preventive and therapeutic interventions on sarcopenia vary widely.

scholarly journals Prevalence of frailty in older adults in outpatient physiotherapy in an urban region in the western part of Germany: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. e027768 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias Braun ◽  
Christian Thiel ◽  
Carina Ziller ◽  
Julia Rasche ◽  
Carolin Bahns ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Frailty Index ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Urban Region ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Physical Frailty ◽  
Frailty Phenotype ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age Related

ObjectiveTo investigate the prevalence of frailty in older people in outpatient physiotherapy services in an urban region in the western part of Germany.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingOutpatient physiotherapy clinics were recruited in the municipal area of the city of Bochum, Germany, and selected randomly.ParticipantsOlder adults aged 65 years and older seeking outpatient physiotherapy.Primary and secondary outcome measuresPrevalence of frailty was assessed based on the frailty phenotype model of physical frailty and the accumulation of deficit model, expressed as a Frailty Index. Prevalence was calculated for the whole sample and according to age-related, sex-related and diagnosis-related subgroups.ResultsA total of 258 participants (74±6 years, 62% female) from 11 out of 130 (8%) different physiotherapy clinics were included. Participants’ main indication for physiotherapy was an orthopaedic or surgical condition (75%). According to the model of a physical frailty phenotype, 17.8% (95% CI 13.2 to 22.5) participants were frail and 43.4% (95% CI 37.4 to 49.5) were prefrail. The Frailty Index identified 31.0% (95% CI 25.4 to 36.7) of individuals as frail. In both models, prevalence increased with age and was higher in women than in men. Slow gait speed (34%), reduced muscle strength (34%) and exhaustion (28%) were the most prevalent indicators of physical frailty.ConclusionsFrailty is comparatively common in older patients attending physiotherapy care in Germany, with one out of three individuals being frail and every second individual being physically frail or prefrail.Trial registration numberDRKS00009384; Results.

scholarly journals Current wishes to die; characteristics of middle-aged and older Dutch adults who are ready to give up on life: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Roosmarijne M. K. Kox ◽  
H. Roeline W. Pasman ◽  
Martijn Huisman ◽  
Wim Benneker ◽  
Bregje D. Onwuteaka-Philipsen
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Wish To Die ◽  
A Current

Abstract Background Literature shows that middle-aged and older adults sometimes experience a wish to die. Reasons for these wishes may be complex and involve multiple factors. One important question is to what extent people with a wish to die have medically classifiable conditions. Aim (1) Estimate the prevalence of a current wish to die among middle-aged and older adults in The Netherlands; (2) explore which factors within domains of vulnerability (physical, cognitive, social and psychological) are associated with a current wish to die; (3) assess how many middle-aged and older adults with a current wish to die do not have a medically classifiable condition and/or an accumulation of age-related health problems. Methods Data of 2015/16 from the Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam were used for this cross-sectional study (1563 Dutch middle-aged and older adults aged between 57 and 99 years), obtained through structured medical interviews and self-reported questionnaires. Three experienced physicians assessed whether the participants with a current wish to die could be classified as having a medically classifiable condition and/or an accumulation of age-related health problems. Results N = 62 participants (4.0%) had a current wish to die. Having a current wish to die was associated with multiple characteristics across four domains of vulnerability, among which: self-perceived health, problems with memory, self-perceived quality of life and meaningfulness of life. Fifty-four participants with a current wish to die were assessed with having a medically classifiable condition, of which one was also assessed with having an accumulation of age-related health problems. Six people were assessed to have neither, and for two people it was unclear. Conclusion A small minority of middle-aged and older adults in the Netherlands have a current wish to die. Most of them can be classified with a medical condition and one person with an accumulation of age-related health problems. Furthermore, the findings show that having a current wish to die is multi-faceted. There is still a need for more knowledge, such as insight in to what extent suffering stemming from the medical classifiable disease contributes to the development of the wish to die.

Normative Functional Fitness Standards and Trends of Portuguese Older Adults: Cross-Cultural Comparisons

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 126-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisa A. Marques ◽  
Fátima Baptista ◽  
Rute Santos ◽  
Susana Vale ◽  
Diana A. Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Independent Living ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Functional Fitness ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fitness Level ◽  
Individual Fitness ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Gender Patterns ◽  
And Gender

This cross-sectional study was designed to develop normative functional fitness standards for the Portuguese older adults, to analyze age and gender patterns of decline, to compare the fitness level of Portuguese older adults with that of older adults in other countries, and to evaluate the fitness level of Portuguese older adults relative to recently published criterion fitness standards associated with maintaining physical independence. A sample of 4,712 independent-living older adults, age 65–103 yr, was evaluated using the Senior Fitness Test battery. Age-group normative fitness scores are reported for the 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, and 90th percentiles. Results indicate that both women and men experience age-related losses in all components of functional fitness, with their rate of decline being greater than that observed in other populations, a trend which may cause Portuguese older adults to be at greater risk for loss of independence in later years. These newly established normative standards make it possible to assess individual fitness level and provide a basis for implementing population-wide health strategies to counteract early loss of independence.

Inter-Batch Reliability of Blood-Based Cytokine and Chemokine Measurements in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cutter A Lindbergh ◽  
Breton M Asken ◽  
Kaitlin B Casaletto ◽  
Fanny M Elahi ◽  
Lauren A Goldberger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Blood Draw ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cytokines And Chemokines ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Abstract Blood-based inflammatory markers hold considerable promise for diagnosis and prognostication of age-related neurodegenerative disease, though a paucity of research has empirically tested how reliably they can be measured across different experimental runs (“batches”). We quantified the inter-batch reliability of 13 cytokines and chemokines in a cross-sectional study of 92 community-dwelling older adults (mean age = 74; 48% female). Plasma aliquots from the same blood draw were parallelly processed in two separate batches using the same analytic platform and procedures (high performance electrochemiluminescence by Meso Scale Discovery). Inter-batch correlations (Pearson’s r) ranged from small and non-significant (r = 0.13 for MIP-1α) to very large (r &gt; 0.90 for IFNγ, IL-10, IP-10, MIP-1β, TARC) with most markers falling somewhere in between (.67 ≤ r ≤ 0.90 for IL-6, TNF-α, Eotaxin, Eotaxin-3, MCP-1, MCP-4, MDC). All markers except for IL-6 and MCP-4 showed significant differences in absolute values between batches, with discrepancies ranging in effect size (Cohen’s d) from small-to-moderate (0.2 ≤ |d| ≤ 0.5 for IL-10, IP-10, MDC) to large or very large (0.68 ≤ |d| ≤ 1.5 for IFNγ, TNF-α, Eotaxin, Eotaxin-3, MCP-1, MIP-1α, MIP-1β, TARC). Relatively consistent associations with external variables of interest (age, sex, systolic blood pressure, body mass index, cognition) were observed across batches. Taken together, our results suggest heterogeneity in measurement reliability of blood-based cytokines and chemokines, with some analytes outperforming others. Future work is needed to evaluate the generalizability of these findings while identifying potential sources of batch effect measurement error.

Usability of a tablet computer designed for older adults: a qualitative approach based on an intra-hospital living-lab for healthcare (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillaume Sacco ◽  
Pauline Carliez ◽  
Frédéric Noublanche ◽  
Romain Simon ◽  
Anne Renaudin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Geriatric Patients ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Satisfaction Score ◽  
Tablet Computer ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
System Usability Scale ◽  
Perceived Usability

BACKGROUND Usability is the keystone in the evolution of tablet technology in healthcare. The Ardoiz® tablet has been designed with a simplified interface for older adults. OBJECTIVE To assess the perceived usability and satisfaction of the Ardoiz® tablet. METHODS We conducted a mixed methods with cross-sectional study using System Usability Scale (SUS), satisfaction score and workshops, including geriatric patients, healthcare professional and caregivers. RESULTS Between September 25, 2019 and March 11, 2020, 58 participants were included in a cross-sectional study (including 38 patients, mean ±SD 85±6 years, 66% women), 26 in workshops (including 5 patients, mean ±SD 86.4±2.9, 40% women). The SUS was 74±12/100, the satisfaction score was 2.8±0.9/4, with 59% of satisfied participants with the use of Ardoiz® pads. The intent to acquire remained low with 18% (n=6) of participants who would be interested in acquiring the tablet. This tablet computer seemed to be difficult to use by geriatric patients and healthcare professionals, mainly because of its complex homepage. Nevertheless, former caregivers and healthcare professionals thought that the tablet could be of great interest to hospitals for leisure and medical use. The main feedback in order to improve the tablet is to simplify the home page with fewer and more static icons (without switching). CONCLUSIONS Notwithstanding the usability of the tablet, the intent to acquire of Ardoiz® tablet remained low. The interface should be simplified for older adults in order to improve usability and adherence. CLINICALTRIAL NCT04091152

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