scholarly journals Low Friend Connection Leads to Low Functional Capacity of Older Adults: Findings From a 2-year Longitudinal Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 925-926
Author(s):  
Mai Takase ◽  
Kyo Takahashi ◽  
Ryogo Ogino ◽  
Tomoki Tanaka ◽  
Jun Goto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Functional Capacity ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Personal Connection ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Personal Connections ◽  
Independent Life ◽  
Japanese Older Adults ◽  
Using Data

Abstract Maintaining personal connections in geriatric years is important to sustain the functional capacity of older adults. In this study, we define the term functional capacity as the ability to perform tasks and activities necessary for one’s independent life. Meanwhile, the type of personal connection and its effect on functional capacity remain unclear. We classified personal connections into connections with family or friends and examined their association with the functional capacity of independently living Japanese older adults. A two-year longitudinal study (2016 and 2018) was conducted using data from the Kashiwa Cohort Study. The amount of personal connections was determined using the Lubben Social Network Scale. The Japan Science and Technology Agency Index of Competence was used to assess participants’ functional capacity. The change in functional capacity was analyzed by binomial logistic regression analysis (N=638, reference: group with high family and friend connection). The results showed a decline in the functional capacity of the group with low friend and family connections (odds ratio (OR): 0.48, 95%CI: 0.29–0.82). This trend was also seen for the group with a high family connection but low friend connection (OR: 0.43, 95%CI: 0.24–0.78). Meanwhile, there was no significant difference between the reference group and the group with low family but high friend connection (OR: 0.85, 95%CI: 0.47–1.56). The results imply the importance of having a friend for sustainable functional capacity in old age. Interventions that facilitate friend-to-friend interactions or promote new friendships among older adults can be considered as support strategies.

Direct and indirect influences of socio-economic position on the wellbeing of older adults: a Structural Equation Model using data from the first wave of the Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (9) ◽  
pp. 1770-1797 ◽  
Author(s):  
JONATHAN PRATSCHKE ◽  
TRUTZ HAASE ◽  
KIERAN McKEOWN
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Likelihood Estimation ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Emotional Wellbeing ◽  
Economic Position ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACTThe authors use Structural Equation Modelling techniques to analyse the determinants of wellbeing amongst older adults using data from the first wave of the Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA), a rich source of data on people aged over 50 and living in private households. The analysis uses a two-group linear statistical model to explore the influence of socio-economic position on the wellbeing of men and women, with Full Information Maximum Likelihood estimation to handle missing data. The fit indices for the final model are highly satisfactory and the measurement structure is invariant by gender and age. The results indicate that socio-economic position has a significant direct influence on wellbeing and a strong indirect influence which is mediated by health status and lifestyle. The total standardised effect of Socio-economic Position on Socio-emotional Wellbeing is statistically significant (p⩽ 0.05) and equal to 0.32 (men) and 0.43 (women), a very strong influence which risks being underestimated in standard multivariate models. The authors conclude that health, cognitive functioning and wellbeing reflect not just the ageing process, but also the impact of social inequalities across the lifecourse and how they are transmitted across different life spheres. These results can help to orient future research on factors which mediate between socio-economic position and wellbeing, an important policy-related issue.

scholarly journals Associations between Depressive Symptoms and Satisfaction with Meaningful Activities in Community-Dwelling Japanese Older Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 795
Author(s):  
Michio Maruta ◽  
Hyuma Makizako ◽  
Yuriko Ikeda ◽  
Hironori Miyata ◽  
Atsushi Nakamura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Japanese Older Adults ◽  
And Performance

The aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate relationships between individuals’ ratings of satisfaction and performance of activities that they found meaningful and depressive symptoms. Data was obtained from 806 older adults (mean age 74.9 ± 6.3 years, women = 63.0%) who participated in a community-based health check survey (Tarumizu Study 2018). Participants selected meaningful activities from 95 activities using the Aid for Decision-Making in Occupation Choice and evaluated their satisfaction and performance. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15) and defined by a GDS-15 score of ≥5. Non-linear logistic regression analyses were used separately by gender to examine the association between satisfaction and performance of meaningful activities and depressive symptoms. The prevalence of depressive symptoms was 15.8%. We found no significant difference between meaningful activity choice between older adults with depressive symptoms and those without, in both men and women. After adjusting for potential covariates, satisfaction was associated with depressive symptoms in both men (OR 0.52, 95% CI 0.35–0.77) and women (OR 0.67, 95% CI 0.49–0.91), but performance was limited in women (OR 0.87, 95% CI 0.77–0.99). Our findings suggest that depressive symptoms are associated with satisfaction in meaningful activities regardless of activity categories.

scholarly journals A longitudinal study of the moderating effects of social capital on the relationships between changes in human capital and ikigai among Japanese older adults

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 172-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ai Fukuzawa ◽  
Keiko Katagiri ◽  
Kazuhiro Harada ◽  
Kouhei Masumoto ◽  
Makoto Chogahara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Social Capital ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Moderating Effects ◽  
Japanese Older Adults

Leisure sedentary time and physical activity are higher in neighbourhoods with denser greenness and better built environments: An analysis of the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irmina Klicnik ◽  
John David Cullen ◽  
Dany Doiron ◽  
Caroline Barakat ◽  
Chris Ardern ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Normalized Difference Vegetation Index ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Research Consortium ◽  
Middle Aged Adults

Associations of environmental variables with physical activity and sedentary time using data from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging, and the Canadian Urban Environment Research Consortium (Canadian Active Living Environments (Can-ALE) dataset, and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI, greenness) dataset) were assessed. The main outcome variables were physical activity and sedentary time as measured by a modified version of the Physical Activity for Elderly Scale. The sample consisted of adults aged 45 and older (n = 36,580, mean age 62.6±10.2, 51% female). Adjusted ordinal regression models consistently demonstrated that those residing in neighbourhoods in the highest Can-ALE category (most well-connected built environment) reported more physical activity and sedentary time. For example, males aged 75+ in the highest Can-ALE category had 1.9 times higher odds of reporting more physical activity (OR = 1.9, 95%CI = 1.1-3.4) and 1.8 higher odds of reporting more sedentary time (OR = 1.8, 95%CI = 1.0-3.4). Neighbourhoods with higher greenness scores were also associated with higher odds of reporting more physical activity and sedentary time. It appears that an environment characterized by higher Can-ALE and higher greenness may facilitate physical activity, but it also facilitates more leisure sedentary time in older adults; research using device measured total sedentary time, and consideration of the types of sedentary activities being performed is needed. Novelty: ●Middle-aged and older adults living in neighbourhoods with higher Can-ALE scores and more greenness report more physical activity and leisure sedentary time ●Greenness is important for physical activity and sedentary time in middle-aged adults

scholarly journals The Effect of Chronic Medical Conditions on Functional Capacity Changes in Japanese Community-Dwelling Older Adults

2000 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshinori Fujiwara ◽  
Shoji Shinkai ◽  
Shuichiro Watanabe ◽  
Shu Kumagai ◽  
Takao Suzuki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Functional Capacity ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Chronic Medical Conditions ◽  
Medical Conditions ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Japanese Older Adults ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

This study investigated the effect of chronic medical conditions on changes in functional capacity in Japanese older adults. Participants comprised 1,518 people aged 65-84 living in an urban and a rural community. They were interviewed to determine the presence of chronic medical conditions and assessed for functional capacity using the Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology (TMIG) Index of Competence. Follow-up occurred 4 years later. Statistical analysis revealed that self-reported medical conditions at baseline contributed to declines in the TMIG Index over the 4 years, even after participants’ age, sex, educational attainment, and baseline TMIG level were controlled for. In the urban area, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, diabetes mellitus, and musculoskeletal disease significantly predicted decline in the index, whereas in the rural area, hypertension and diabetes mellitus were significant predictors. These results indicate the importance of controlling chronic medical conditions in order to prevent further declines in functional capacity in older adults.

scholarly journals Neighborhood environment and physical activity among rural Japanese older adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
K Okuyama ◽  
T Abe ◽  
T Nabika
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Neighborhood Environment ◽  
Exercise Habit ◽  
Hilly Area ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Japanese Older Adults ◽  
Rural Older Adults

Abstract Background Physical inactivity is one of the global health concerns. Rural populations in general tend to be more physically inactive and have higher risk for chronic conditions. Although numerous studies have assessed the association between neighborhood environment and physical activity to implement population level intervention, most are limited to urban adults. This study investigated potential neighborhood environment associated with physical activity for rural older adults in Japan. Methods The study subjects were from Shimane where is a rural-mountainous region in Japan. Those agreed to participate in the Shimane CoHRE study as of baseline (2010) and followed-up after 5 years were included in the analysis (mean age=71, n = 717). Subjects were asked if they engage in 30 minutes exercise more than twice a week at baseline and follow-up surveys. As a primary exposure, we computed mean land slope within 500 m street network buffer from residential point of each subject by geographic information system. Multiple logistic regression was conducted to estimate the odds of exercise engagement after 5 years by slope categorized in tertile, adjusting for age, BMI, and exercise habit at baseline. Results Significantly higher odds of exercise engagement was observed among those living in the hilly area compared to moderately hilly area after 5 years adjusting for baseline age, BMI, and exercise habit, (Odds ratio (OR): 1.71, 95% Confidence Interval (95%CI): 1.119, 2.616). There was no significant difference of odds between those in flat area and moderately hilly area (OR: 1.137, 95%CI: 0.738, 1.751). Conclusions This finding suggests that people living in hilly neighborhoods are more likely to maintain or start engaging in exercise after 5 years. Considering other potential environmental factors and farming culture within rural areas, future studies should capture various forms of environmental components and physical activity to dissect the mechanism. Key messages There are limited studies focus on rural older adults. Unique geographic feature in rural areas, i.e. hilly neighborhood might be associated with physical activity.

scholarly journals The Impact of Transitions in Caregiving Status on Depressive Symptoms among Older Family Caregivers: Findings from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Kyungduk Hurh ◽  
Hin Moi Youn ◽  
Yoon Sik Park ◽  
Eun-Cheol Park ◽  
Sung-In Jang
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Family Caregivers ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Estimating Equation ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact

This study identifies the effects of transitions in caregiving status on depressive symptoms among middle-aged or older adults who care for family members with limitations in activities of daily living (ADL). Data were collected from the 2006–2018 Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging. A total of 7817 subjects were included. On the basis of their caregiving status transition, participants were categorized into four groups: started caregiving, continued caregiving, stopped caregiving, and noncaregivers. Depressive symptoms were measured using the 10 item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. Analysis using a generalized estimating equation model and subgroup analyses were conducted. Compared to noncaregivers, women who started caregiving showed more depressive symptoms in the following year (β 0.761, p < 0.0001). Regardless of sex, older adults who continued caregiving had more depressive symptoms than noncaregivers did (β 0.616, p < 0.0277 in men, and β 1.091, p < 0.0001 in women). After relinquishing caregiving responsibilities to other caregivers, participants’ depressive symptoms in the following year showed no statistically significant difference from that of noncaregivers. Thus, starting or continuing caregiving was associated with increased depressive symptoms, and those symptoms could be normalized by stopping caregiving. Intervention strategies to reduce family caregivers’ depressive symptoms are needed.

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