Association of Dual Sensory Impairment with Long-term Depressive and Anxiety Symptoms

Abstract Hearing (HI) and vision impairment (VI) are each independently associated with long-term depressive and anxiety symptoms, but the joint effects of both (DSI) may be associated with a greater risk of belonging to long-term chronically high depressive and anxiety trajectory classes. Multinomial logistic regression models adjusted by demographics and depressive symptoms were used to examine the associations of dual hearing (pure-tone average >25 dB) and vision impairment (impaired visual acuity and/or contrast sensitivity) with long-term depressive and anxiety symptom trajectory classes among 2,102 participants of the Health, Aging and Body Composition Study, a cohort of older adults without mobility difficulty aged 70-79 years. An additional model evaluated the two-way interaction between DSI and social contact. Elevated depressive symptoms were defined as ≥8 on the 10-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale, and anxiety symptoms were defined as present on the Hopkins Symptom Checklist. DSI was associated with increased risk of being chronically depressed (Risk Ratio, RR=1.86, 95% Confidence Interval, CI: 1.19, 2.92), not periodically depressed (RR=1.24, 95% CI: 0.91, 1.69). Those with DSI were at an increased risk of belonging to the periodically anxious (RR=1.56, 95% CI: 1.14, 2.13) and chronically anxious (RR=1.79, 95% CI: 1.02, 3.12) groups, as compared to the other groups. Single sensory impairments were not associated with increased risk of being periodically or chronically anxious. Social contact did not modify any associations. Synergistic effects between HI and VI were present. Those with DSI may be at greater risk for mood disorders, so sensory evaluations may mitigate these.

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Abstract MP60: Depressive Symptoms and Risk of Incident Atrial Fibrillation: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.137.suppl_1.mp60 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 137 (suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Parveen K Garg ◽

Wesley T O'Neal ◽

Ana V Diez Roux ◽

Alvaro Alonso ◽

Elsayed Soliman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Atrial Fibrillation ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Proportional Hazards ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Epidemiologic Studies ◽

Cox Proportional Hazards ◽

Fee For Service ◽

Score Distribution ◽

Ethnic Study ◽

Increased Risk

Background: Depression has been suggested as a potential risk factor for atrial fibrillation (AF) through effects on the autonomic nervous system and hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis. Current literature examining the prospective relationship between depression and AF is inconsistent and limited to studies performed in predominantly white populations. We determined the relationship of both depressive symptoms and anti-depressant use with incident AF in a multi-ethnic cohort. Methods: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis is a prospective study of 6,814 individuals without clinical cardiovascular disease. Depressive symptoms were assessed at baseline by the 20-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) and use of anti-depressant medications. Five CES-D groups were created based on the score distribution in approximate quartiles, and the top quartile split in 2 such that the top group represented persons with a score ≥16, a value commonly used to identify clinically relevant symptoms. Incident AF was identified from study ECGs verified for AF, ICD-9 hospital discharge diagnoses consistent with AF, and, for participants enrolled in fee-for-service Medicare, inpatient and outpatient AF claims data. Results: 6,644 participants (mean age=62; 53% women; 38% white; 28% black; 22% Hispanic; 12% Chinese-American) were included and followed for a median of 13 years. In separate adjusted Cox proportional hazards analyses, a CES-D≥16 (referent=CES-D<2) and anti-depressant use were each associated with higher incidence of AF (Table). Associations did not differ by race or gender (interaction p-values of 0.18 and 0.17 respectively). Similar results were obtained using time-updated measures of depression. Conclusions: Depressive symptoms are associated with an increased risk of incident AF. Further study into whether improving depressive symptoms reduces AF incidence is important.

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Depressive Symptoms and Diurnal Salivary Cortisol Patterns Among Female Caregivers of Stroke Survivors

Biological Research For Nursing ◽

10.1177/1099800412439458 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 14 (4) ◽

pp. 396-404 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Karen L. Saban ◽

Herbert L. Mathews ◽

Fred B. Bryant ◽

Timothy E. O’Brien ◽

Linda Witek Janusek

Keyword(s):

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Chronic Stress ◽

Caregiver Burden ◽

Perceived Stress ◽

Salivary Cortisol ◽

Allostatic Load ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Epidemiologic Studies ◽

Stroke Survivors ◽

Increased Risk

Informal caregivers of stroke survivors experience elevated chronic stress and are at risk of developing depressive symptoms. The cumulative effects of chronic stress can increase allostatic load and dysregulate biological processes, thus increasing risk of stress-related disease. Stress-induced alterations in the pattern of cortisol secretion vary with respect to stressor onset, intensity, and chronicity. Little is known about the psychoendocrine response to stress in female caregivers of stroke survivors. The purpose of this study was to examine perceived stress, caregiver burden, and the association between caregiver depressive symptoms and diurnal cortisol in 45 females caring for a significant other who experienced a stroke within the past year. Women completed the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) and collected saliva for cortisol upon awakening, 30 min postawakening, noon, and bedtime for 2 consecutive days. Results revealed that women had high levels of perceived stress and caregiver burden. In women with CES-D scores ≥ 16, salivary cortisol levels were significantly lower across the day relative to women with CES-D scores < 16. This difference persisted after adjusting for age, number of caregiving hours per week, perceived social support, and quality of sleep. Younger age was associated with more depressive symptoms as well as lower levels of cortisol at awakening and 30 min postawakening. Results demonstrate that the burden of caregiving increases risk of depressive symptoms and hypocortisolism across the day. Hypocortisolism may contribute to increased risk of depressive symptoms as a result of the loss of glucocorticoid attenuation of stress-induced inflammation.

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Effect of Anxiety and Depression on Survival of Cancer Patients, a 13 Year Follow-up

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Care ◽

10.31557/apjcc.2021.6.1.9-13 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 9-13

Author(s):

Suriati Mohamed Saini ◽

Susan Tan Mooi Koon ◽

Mohamad Adam Bujang ◽

Gerard Lim Chin Chye ◽

Shalisah Sharip ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Cox Proportional Hazards ◽

Anxiety Symptoms ◽

High Rate ◽

Anxiety And Depression ◽

Risk Of Death ◽

Increased Risk

Introduction: Anxiety and depression occur at a high rate in cancer patients. However, debate remains regarding the effect of anxiety and depression on cancer survival. Objective: This study aimed to determine the effect of anxiety and depressive symptoms on the survival of cancer patients. Methods: The subjects consisted of 112 cancer patients who attended the Oncology and Radiotherapy outpatient clinic Hospital Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, in 1999. Anxiety and depressive symptoms were measured using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) questionnaire at inception. Information on patients’ mortality status for extended 13 years follow-up (in 2011) was obtained from the National Registration Department death records. Overall survival for each anxiety and depressive symptoms scores in HADS at 13 years was calculated using Cox proportional hazards regression analysis. Results: Cancer patients experienced more anxiety (83%) compared to depressive symptoms (40.2%). The mean (S.D.) HADS scores for depressive symptoms were 9.9 (2.5), and the anxiety symptoms score was 12.6 (2.1). At 13 years, half of the patients (50.9%) had died. No significant effect of anxiety (p=0.399, 95% C.I.= 6.2-8.4) or depressive symptoms at inception (p=0.749, 95% C.I.= 5.9-8.4) towards cancer patients’ survival was found at 13 years follow-up. Conclusion: The occurrence of anxiety symptoms among cancer patients in this study was 2-folds higher than depressive symptoms. However, no significant increased risk of death was found in cancer patients with anxiety or depressive symptoms at 13 years follow-up. It may imply that as time extended, survival in cancer patients may be related to various interacting elements, and intervening health factors are of importance.

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Risk Factors for Anxiety and Depressive Symptoms in Doctors During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic

Frontiers in Psychiatry ◽

10.3389/fpsyt.2021.687440 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Lanying He ◽

Jian Wang ◽

Lijuan Zhang ◽

Feng Wang ◽

Weiwei Dong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Mental Health Problems ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Anxiety Symptoms ◽

The Self ◽

Female Sex ◽

Self Rating ◽

Increased Risk ◽

A Minor

Background: The purpose of our study was to investigate the prevalence of anxiety and depressive symptoms and their risk factors among doctors during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.Methods: A hospital-based survey study was conducted. Anxiety symptoms were assessed using the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), and depressive symptoms were assessed using the Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS). Multivariable logistic regression was used to analyze anxiety and depressive symptoms across independent variables.Results: A total of 1,521 doctors were included; 11.11% (169/1,521) of the doctors had anxiety symptoms, and 16.90% (257/1,521) had depressive symptoms. Female sex [adjusted odds ratio (aOR), 1.69; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.21–2.34; P = 0.002] and having a minor child (aOR, 2.31; 95% CI, 1.50–3.56; P < 0.001) were associated with an increased risk of anxiety symptoms. Female sex (aOR, 1.56; 95% CI, 1.18–2.06; P = 0.002) and having a minor child (aOR, 1.48; 95% CI, 1.06–2.01; P = 0.022) were associated with an increased risk of depressive symptoms. Older age (aOR, 0.97; 95% CI, 0.98–0.99; P = 0.008) was associated with a decreased risk of depressive symptoms.Conclusions: Anxiety and depressive symptoms have been common mental health problems in doctors during the COVID-19 pandemic. We found that female sex, having a minor child, and younger age were major risk factors for the development of anxiety and depressive symptoms among doctors during the COVID-19 pandemic.

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Abortion and subsequent depressive symptoms: an analysis of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health

Psychological Medicine ◽

10.1017/s0033291717001684 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 48 (2) ◽

pp. 294-304 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

A. M. Gomez

Keyword(s):

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Longitudinal Study ◽

Adolescent Health ◽

Young Women ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Epidemiologic Studies ◽

Traumatic Experiences ◽

Linear Regression Models ◽

National Longitudinal Study ◽

Increased Risk

BackgroundTwenty states currently require that women seeking abortion be counseled on possible psychological responses, with six states stressing negative responses. The majority of research finds that women whose unwanted pregnancies end in abortion do not subsequently have adverse mental health outcomes; scant research examines this relationship for young women.MethodsFour waves of data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health were analyzed. Population-averaged lagged logistic and linear regression models were employed to test the relationship between pregnancy resolution outcome and subsequent depressive symptoms, adjusting for prior depressive symptoms, history of traumatic experiences, and sociodemographic covariates. Depressive symptoms were measured using a nine-item version of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale. Analyses were conducted among two subsamples of women whose unwanted first pregnancies were resolved in either abortion or live birth: (1) 856 women with an unwanted first pregnancy between Waves 2 and 3; and (2) 438 women with an unwanted first pregnancy between Waves 3 and 4 (unweighted n’s).ResultsIn unadjusted and adjusted linear and logistic regression analyses for both subsamples, there was no association between having an abortion after an unwanted first pregnancy and subsequent depressive symptoms. In fully adjusted models, the most recent measure of prior depressive symptoms was consistently associated with subsequent depressive symptoms.ConclusionsIn a nationally representative, longitudinal dataset, there was no evidence that young women who had abortions were at increased risk of subsequent depressive symptoms compared with those who give birth after an unwanted first pregnancy.

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The mediating role of adolescents’ loneliness and social withdrawal in the association between maternal depressive symptoms and suicidality in adolescence: A 20-year population-based study

Development and Psychopathology ◽

10.1017/s0954579420001753 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Lamprini Psychogiou ◽

Marilyn N. Ahun ◽

Michel Boivin ◽

Richard E. Tremblay ◽

Massimiliano Orri ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Indirect Effect ◽

Social Withdrawal ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Population Based ◽

Epidemiologic Studies ◽

Maternal Depressive Symptoms ◽

Mediating Role ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Development Data

Abstract We examined whether adolescents’ loneliness and social withdrawal mediated the association between maternal depressive symptoms and adolescent suicidality. Secondary analyses on the Québec Longitudinal Study of Child Development data were conducted (n = 1,623). Each mother completed the Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (at child ages 5 months, 1.5, 3.5, 5, and 7 years). Adolescent's social withdrawal (adolescent, father, and teacher reported at 10, 12, and 13 years) and loneliness (adolescent reported at 10, 12, and 13 years), were assessed using items from the Social Behavior Questionnaire and the Loneliness and Social Satisfaction Questionnaire, respectively. Adolescents completed self-reports to assess suicidal thoughts and attempts at 13, 15, 17, and 20 years. Children of mothers with higher levels of maternal depressive symptoms had an increased risk for suicidality (OR = 1.15, 95% CI: 1.03–1.28). Loneliness explained 16% of the total effect of maternal depressive symptoms on adolescent suicidality (indirect effect OR = 1.02, 95% CI: 1.00–1.04). There was no indirect effect of maternal depressive symptoms on adolescent suicidal outcomes via social withdrawal (indirect effect OR = 1.00, 95% CI: 0.99–1.02). Interventions that target loneliness may be beneficial for decreasing the risk for suicidality among adolescents of mothers with depressive symptoms.

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Assessment of depressive symptoms in patients with COVID-19 during the second wave of epidemic in Myanmar: A cross-sectional single-center study

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0252189 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (6) ◽

pp. e0252189

Author(s):

Ye Minn Htun ◽

Kyaw Thiha ◽

Aung Aung ◽

Nay Myo Aung ◽

Thet Wai Oo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Family Income ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Social Contact ◽

Epidemiologic Studies ◽

Disease Spread ◽

Treatment Center ◽

Cross Sectional

Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has had a great impact on every aspect of society. All countries launched preventive measures such as quarantine, lockdown, and physical distancing to control the disease spread. These restrictions might effect on daily life and mental health. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors of depressive symptoms in patients with COVID-19 at the Treatment Center. Methods A cross-sectional telephone survey was carried out at Hmawbi COVID-19 Treatment Center, Myanmar from December 2020 to January 2021. A total of 142 patients with COVID-19 who met the criteria were invited to participate in the study. A pre-tested Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) was used as a tool for depressive symptoms assessment. Data were analyzed by using binary logistic regression to identify associated factors of depressive symptoms. Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was computed to determine the level of significance with a p < 0.05. Results The prevalence of depressive symptoms in patients with COVID-19 was 38.7%, with the means (± standard deviation, SD) subscale of somatic symptom, negative effect, and anhedonia were 4.64 (±2.53), 2.51 (± 2.12), and 5.01 (± 3.26), respectively. The patients with 40 years and older (AOR: 2.99, 95% CI: 1.36–6.59), < 4 of household size (AOR: 3.45, 95% CI: 1.46–8.15), ≤ 400,000 kyats of monthly family income (AOR: 2.38, 95% CI: 1.02–5.54) and infection to family members (AOR: 4.18, 95% CI: 1.74–10.07) were significant associated factors of depressive symptoms. Conclusion The high prevalence of depressive symptoms, approximately 40%, was found in patients with COVID-19 in the Treatment Center. Establishments of psychosocial supports, providing psychoeducation, enhancing the social contact with family and friends, and using credible source of information related COVID-19 would be integral parts of mental health services in COVID-19 pandemic situation.

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Individual and Synergistic Relationships of Low Muscle Mass and Low Muscle Function with Depressive Symptoms in Korean Older Adults

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph181910129 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (19) ◽

pp. 10129

Author(s):

Youngyun Jin ◽

Seamon Kang ◽

Hyunsik Kang

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Muscle Mass ◽

Muscle Function ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Epidemiologic Studies ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Mean Power ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Appendicular Skeletal Muscle

This study examined the relationship of low appendicular skeletal muscle mass and low muscle function with depressive symptoms in Korean older adults. Community-dwelling Korean older adults aged 65 years and older (n = 521) participated in this study. Appendicular muscle mass (ASM) and muscle function (MF) scores were assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scanning and sit-to-stand mean power based on a 30 s chair stand test, respectively. Depressive symptoms were evaluated using the Korean form of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. Logistic regression was used to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of depressive symptoms according to ASM- and MF-based subgroups; normal ASM/normal MF, low ASM/normal MF, normal ASM/low MF, and low ASM/low MF. The prevalence of depressive symptoms was 21.3% in all patients: 20.7% in women and 21.5% in men. Compared to the normal ASM/normal MF participants (OR = 1), the risk of depressive symptoms rose incrementally in subjects with low ASM/normal MF (OR = 2.963, p = 0.019), normal AMS/low MF (OR = 3.843, p = 0.002), and low ASM/low MF (OR = 7.907, p < 0.001), respectively. The current findings suggest that the coexistence of low ASM and low MF is significantly and independently associated with an increased risk for depressive symptoms, with dynapenia having a stronger relationship.

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Hearing Impairment and Risk of Depression in Older Adults in Health ABC

Innovation in Aging ◽

10.1093/geroni/igaa057.1509 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. 466-466

Author(s):

Danielle Powell ◽

Joshua Betz ◽

Kristine Yaffe ◽

Stephen Kritchevsky ◽

Elsa Strotmeyer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Hearing Impairment ◽

Depressive Symptomatology ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Normal Hearing ◽

Epidemiologic Studies ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Rates Of Change ◽

Increased Risk

Abstract Whether hearing impairment (HI) is associated with depressive symptoms remains disputed for older adults, in part due to varying definition employed, use of subjective hearing measures, or cross-sectional analysis. We studied 1936 men and women (mean age 74.1 years, 41.7% black race) enrolled in the prospective Health, Aging and Body Composition study Hearing thresholds at 500-4000 Hz were averaged to create a pure tone average (PTA) and HI was defined using clinical cutpoints in the better-hearing ear. Depression was measured using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) or the CES-D 10, a revised 10 question scale depending on visit. Linear mixed effects models with random intercepts and slopes were used to estimate difference in rates of change in depressive symptomatology by hearing status over nine years. Cox proportional hazard models were used to examine the association between HI and incident depression defined as change in CES-D score >=10 points. In models adjusted for demographic and clinical covariates, participants with HI demonstrated a higher baseline prevalence of depressive symptoms compared to those with normal hearing (20.7% vs. 8.4%).Rates of change did not differ by HI status. Participants with moderate or greater HI had an increased risk of 9-year incident depression (HR=1.28, 95% CI: 1.00-1.62) compared to participants with normal hearing. HI is associated with increased risk of incident depression and a greater overall prevalence of depression compared to normal hearing, underscoring the importance of further research on whether rehabilitative therapies can mitigate this association.

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Validation of the Japanese Version of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale—Revised: A Preliminary Analysis

Behavioral Sciences ◽

10.3390/bs11080107 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (8) ◽

pp. 107

Author(s):

Hirohito Tsuboi ◽

Yui Takakura ◽

Hiromasa Tsujiguchi ◽

Sakae Miyagi ◽

Keita Suzuki ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Factor Analysis ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Native Speakers ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Japanese Version ◽

Population Based ◽

Epidemiologic Studies ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Two Factors ◽

Study Population

To make the Japanese version of the CESD-R—a revised version of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies depression scale (CES-D)—in the assessment of depressive symptoms in a general population. The English version of CESD-R was translated into Japanese, and back-translated into English by three native speakers of Japanese and English; then, we selected the version most completely consistent with the original items. The CESD-R was applied to 398 community-dwelling people (191 men: 48.0%, and 207 women: 52.0%) who were over 40 years old. The Japanese version of the CES-D was also carried out in the same population. Factor analysis was performed. Additionally, the correlations between the CESD-R and CES-D results were identified. The CESD-R scores showed a significantly positive correlation with CES-D scores (r = 0.74, p < 0.0005). Analysis of the CESD-R yielded a Cronbach’s alpha result of 0.90. Factor analysis revealed one principal factor in the CESD-R, whereas the original CES-D had two factors because of reversed items. The Japanese version of the CESD-R appears to have the reliability to be applicable for assessing depressive symptoms in population-based samples. However, because the Japanese expressions for some items might be unusual, our study population was also limited; further studies on other populations and on incorporating improved Japanese terminology will be needed.

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