scholarly journals Age Discrimination and Perceived Work Ability: The Mediating Effect of Self-Efficacy

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 1032-1032
Author(s):  
Hyun Kang ◽  
Hansol Kim
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Work Ability ◽  
Older Workers ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Age Discrimination ◽  
Productive Aging ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Perceived Work Ability ◽  
Low Levels

Abstract As the number of older workers in the U.S. workforce increases, perceived work ability, which indicates a worker’s capacity to perform job-related tasks or to remain employed, becomes increasingly important. However, age discrimination may undermine the ability of older adults to remain active in the workplace as it poses a significant barrier to their work ability. The purpose of this study was to examine how age discrimination affects perceived work ability among older workers. We also evaluated the role of self-efficacy as a potential mediator between age discrimination and perceived work ability. Self-efficacy can contribute to older adults’ productive aging since it helps them view age-related situations more positively. Using 2,011 respondents (aged 50+) data from the 2018 Health and Retirement Study, structural equation modeling analysis was conducted. Our findings indicated that age discrimination had a direct negative effect on perceived work ability (B = -.230, p < .001). Older workers who experienced more age discrimination were more likely to have low levels of perceived work ability. The indirect effect of self-efficacy (B = -.177; 95% CI = -.240, -.135) was significant. Older workers who experienced more age discrimination were more likely to have low levels of self-efficacy, and this relationship led to lower levels of perceived work ability. These results suggest that greater efforts are required to reduce age discrimination and its negative consequence on perceived work ability and self-efficacy among older workers. Furthermore, age discrimination laws should be more explicitly enforced in the policy direction for older workers.

scholarly journals Does Self-Efficacy and Team Leader Equity Matter for Older Workers’ Mental Health?

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (6) ◽  
pp. 996-1004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mi Sun Choi ◽  
Holly Dabelko-Schoeny ◽  
Mo Yee Lee ◽  
Alicia C Bunger
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Work Engagement ◽  
Older Workers ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Working Life ◽  
Team Leader ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background and Objectives Prolonged working life is not necessarily associated with good mental health. Despite the importance of healthy working life in later years, little research has been conducted on predictors of mental health in the workplace among older workers. This study aimed to investigate how personal (self-efficacy) and team (leader equity) factors are associated with older workers’ mental health through work engagement. Research Design and Methods We analyzed responses of 508 U.S. workers aged 50 years and older from the Age and Generations Study data using structural equation modeling. Results Results showed that perceived self-efficacy was a strong predictor of mental health. Also, work engagement was a powerful mechanism for promoting older adults’ mental health; engagement partially mediated the relationship between perceived self-efficacy and mental health, and fully mediated the relationship between team leader equity and mental health. Discussion and Implications The findings highlight how important it is for employers to invest in human capital development, suggesting human resource programs should focus on strategies that target older adults’ engagement through tailored self-efficacy programs and inclusive leadership training programs. Such attempts would contribute to enhancing the mental health of older workers.

scholarly journals SELF-EFFICACY AND TEAM LEADER EQUITY MATTER: A STUDY OF ACTIVE AGING AT WORK

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S764-S764
Author(s):  
Mi Sun Choi ◽  
Holly Dabelko-Schoeny ◽  
Mo Yee Lee ◽  
Alicia Bunger
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Human Resource ◽  
Older Workers ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Active Aging ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Many older Americans have decided to remain in the labor market beyond the traditional retirement age, suggesting the need for companies to consider human resource initiatives to retain and support the aging workforce. Applying active aging concepts, which emphasize older adults’ active roles through participation in social and economic activities for healthy later life, to the workplace could be helpful for developing programs that enhance the health, well-being, and work outcomes of older workers. Despite the expected benefits of active aging at work for older workers’ overall well-being, little research has been conducted on what personal and team factors impact on outcomes of active aging at work; what mechanism exists in the links between factors and outcomes in the contemporary workplace. The current study tested the validity of an active aging framework using the Age and Generations Study data. We analyzed responses of 508 American workers aged 50 and older using structural equation modeling. Results showed that perceived self-efficacy was a strong predictor of engagement, mental health, and performance, whereas perceived leader equity predicted only engagement. Also, work engagement was powerful mechanism for promoting older adults’ mental health; engagement mediated the relationship between perceived self-efficacy and the relationship between leader equity and mental health. The findings highlight how important it is for employers to invest in human capital, suggesting human resource programs should focus on strategies that target older adults’ engagement through tailored self-efficacy programs and diversity leadership training programs. Such attempts would contribute to the well-being of older workers.

scholarly journals Coping Capacity and Episodic Memory in Older Adults With SMCs: The Mediating Role of Healthy Lifestyle

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 278-279
Author(s):  
Feilong Wang ◽  
Shijie Li ◽  
Kaifa Wang ◽  
Yanni Yang
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Coping Capacity ◽  
Memory Decline ◽  
Mediating Role

Abstract Older adults with subjective memory complaints (SMCs) are at increased risk for episodic memory decline. Episodic memory decline is an important predictor of objective memory impairment (one of the earliest symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease) and an often-suggested criterion of successful memory aging. Therefore, it is important to explore the determinant factors that influence episodic memory in older adults with SMCs. Roy adaptation model and preliminary evidence suggest that older adults with SMCs undergo a coping and adaptation process, a process influenced by many health-related risks and protective factors. This study aimed to explore the relationship between coping capacity and episodic memory, and the mediating role of healthy lifestyle between coping capacity and episodic memory in a sample of 309 community-dwelling older adults with SMCs. Results from the structural equation modeling showed that coping capacity directly affects episodic memory (r=0.629, p＜0.001), and there is a partial mediating effect (60.5%) of healthy lifestyle among this sample of older adults with SMCs. This study demonstrates that coping capacity and adaptation positively correlate with episodic memory in older adults with SMCs, and that these correlations are mediated by healthy lifestyle. The results suggest that older adults with poor coping capacity should be assessed and monitored regularly, and clear lifestyle-related interventions initiated by healthcare providers that promote healthy lifestyles may effectively improve coping capacity and episodic memory in this population group. Note: First author: Feilong Wang, Co-first author: Shijie li, Corresponding author: Yanni Yang

scholarly journals Which Psychosocial Factors Best Predict Cognitive Performance in Older Adults?

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 487-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura B. Zahodne ◽  
Cindy J. Nowinski ◽  
Richard C. Gershon ◽  
Jennifer J. Manly
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Psychosocial Factors ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Emotional Support ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Psychosocial Variables

AbstractNegative affect (e.g., depression) is associated with accelerated age-related cognitive decline and heightened dementia risk. Fewer studies examine positive psychosocial factors (e.g., emotional support, self-efficacy) in cognitive aging. Preliminary reports suggest that these variables predict slower cognitive decline independent of negative affect. No reports have examined these factors in a single model to determine which best relate to cognition. Data from 482 individuals 55 and older came from the normative sample for the NIH Toolbox for the Assessment of Neurological and Behavioral Function. Negative and positive psychosocial factors, executive functioning, working memory, processing speed, and episodic memory were measured with the NIH Toolbox Emotion and Cognition modules. Confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling characterized independent relations between psychosocial factors and cognition. Psychosocial variables loaded onto negative and positive factors. Independent of education, negative affect and health status, greater emotional support was associated with better task-switching and processing speed. Greater self-efficacy was associated with better working memory. Negative affect was not independently associated with any cognitive variables. Findings support the conceptual distinctness of negative and positive psychosocial factors in older adults. Emotional support and self-efficacy may be more closely tied to cognition than other psychosocial variables. (JINS, 2014, 20, 1–9)

scholarly journals What Affects Middle School Students’ English Anxiety in the EFL Context? Evidence from South Korea

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naya Choi ◽  
Boram No ◽  
Suji Jung ◽  
San Lee
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Learning Ability ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Supporting Evidence ◽  
Self Directed Learning ◽  
Parental Pressure ◽  
Efl Context ◽  
Directed Learning

This paper examines what affects adolescents’ English anxiety in the English as Foreign Langauage (EFL) context. A total of 414 adolescents in South Korea participated in the study and the AMOS 20.0 was used in structural equation modeling for statistical analysis. The results are as follows. Girls showed a higher level of English anxiety and self-directed learning ability than boys. Second, adolescents’ English self-efficacy had a partial mediating effect on the relationship between parental pressure expectation and English anxiety. Third, parental pressure expectation had a significant effect on English anxiety through self-directed learning and English self-efficacy. Fourth, a gender difference in the paths of the models was significant. This provides supporting evidence to many educators and parents for the implementation of effective support practices for adolescents who learn English in EFL contexts similar to Korea to reduce thier English anxiety.

Occupational self-efficacy and work engagement associated with work ability among an ageing work force: A cross-sectional study

Work ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Stina Wallin ◽  
Auvo Rauhala ◽  
Anncristine Fjellman-Wiklund ◽  
Pia Nyman ◽  
Lisbeth Fagerström
Keyword(s):  
Home Care ◽  
Work Engagement ◽  
Work Ability ◽  
Older Workers ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Work Context ◽  
Work Ability Index ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Home Care Workers

BACKGROUND: Occupational self-efficacy (OSE) is an appropriate adaption capability to react to continuous changes in work life today. While self-efficacy is an important component in work context, there is less knowledge regarding older workers’ OSE. OBJECTIVE: This study examined the relationship between work ability, OSE and work engagement among a middle-aged workforce, and whether there were any differences between age groups and between professionals in different work context. METHODS: Data were collected by questionnaire, which included Work Ability Index (WAI), Occupational Self-Efficacy Scale, and Utrecht Work Engagement Scale. RESULTS: A total of 359 home care workers and engineers (response rate 43%) participated. The average age was 54 (SD±5.3) years, 69%were women. The results of logistic regression analyses revealed an association between WAI, OSE (OR 0.66; 95%CI 0.52 to 0.86) and work engagement (OR 0.61; 95%CI 0.47 to 0.78). Higher OSE and work engagement were related to higher work ability. No difference in OSE (5.9; ±0.8) between professional groups was seen, but the home care workers scored considerably higher work engagement (5.1; ±0.9) than the engineers (4.5; ±1.3). CONCLUSIONS: Improving OSE could be worthwhile to support work ability among middle-aged workers, despite dissimilarities in work context and educational level.

scholarly journals OLDER ADULTS’ HEALTH AND SOCIAL ENGAGEMENT: THE MEDIATING ROLE OF SUBJECTIVE LIFE EXPECTANCY

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S694-S694
Author(s):  
Dahee Kim ◽  
Kyuho Lee
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Social Engagement ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Close Relationships ◽  
Functional Limitations ◽  
Functional Limitation ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Equation Modeling

Abstract Older adults’ mental and physical health is likely to limit social engagement, but their perception of how much time they have left, according to the socio-emotional selectivity theory, might influence it as well. The aim of the research is to investigate the mediating effect of subjective life expectancy (SLE) on the pathways from older adults’ mental health and functional limitation to volunteering and contacts with close relationships. The current research used data of 5,285 older adults aged 50 to 75 from the Health and Retirement Study collected in 2014. Structural equation modeling was performed to investigate the direct effect of older adults’ depressive symptoms and functional limitation on volunteering and contact with close relationships. Predictors’ indirect effects via SLE was also assessed. The results indicated that older adults’ higher depressive symptoms and functional limitations significantly decreased volunteering time and frequency of contacts with close relationships. Older adults’ SLE attenuated the effects of depressive symptoms and functional limitations on their volunteering time and frequency of contact with close relationships. The findings describe the mechanism of how older adults engage in volunteering and contact with close relationships through their perception of remaining time. Further, this research highlights SLE as a motivator for encouragement of older adults’ social engagement.

Occupational self-efficacy, organizational commitment, and work engagement

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (8) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erli Liu ◽  
jiatao Huang
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Commitment ◽  
Work Engagement ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Master Of Business Administration ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Business Administration Students ◽  
Part Time

We examined how occupational self-efficacy is related to organizational commitment, and how it indirectly influences work engagement. Participants were 328 part-time Master of Business Administration students in China. We used structural equation modeling and chi-square difference tests to analyze the data and assess the proposed mediating effect. Results showed that occupational self-efficacy had a direct effect on organizational commitment and an indirect effect on work engagement through the mediator of organizational commitment. Our findings extend previous results and show that occupational self-efficacy can be used to predict work engagement.

scholarly journals Functional capacity associated with work ability in older university staff employed by the state

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 681-690
Author(s):  
Juleimar Soares Coelho de Amorim ◽  
Celita Salmaso Trelha
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Functional Capacity ◽  
Work Ability ◽  
Older Workers ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Work Ability Index ◽  
Stand Test ◽  
Sit To Stand ◽  
Ability Index

Abstract Introduction: The increase in numbers of older adults in the workplace and in the number of years they spend in work prior to retiring has challenged health professionals to provide enable health conditions such that they may undertake occupational activity. Objective: To analyze the variables for functional ability, associated with work ability, in older adults who were government employees at a university. Methods: A cross-sectional design, with older workers aged 60 years old or over, located in different university centers and departments. A structured sociodemographic questionnaire was used to characterize the sample, and the Work Ability Index was used as an outcome variable for the associations, using the Timed Up and Go test, the handgrip strength test, the walking speed test and the chair sit to stand test. The Chi-squared test and Pearson correlation coefficient were used in the statistical analysis. The association of the factors of functional capacity was based on the odds ratio and 95% confidence interval, calculated using the Logistic Regression Model, as part of the SPSS statistical package for Windows. Results: A total of 258 staff participated in the investigation, with men (57.7%) and a lower age range (60 to 62 years old) predominating. Women differed in relation to falls after the age of 60 (p = 0.007) and in the last 12 months (p = 0.017). The mean Work Ability Index was 39.70 ± 5.64 points and a statistical association was ascertained between performance in the chair sit to stand test (OR = 2.26; p = 0.043). Muscle strength (r = 0.72; p < 0.000) and the chair sit to stand test (r = 0.73; p < 0.000) showed excellent correlation with work ability. Conclusion: The variables for functional capacity were associated with work ability.

scholarly journals Health Literacy Mediates the Association Between Socioeconomic Status and Productive Aging Among Elderly Chinese Adults in a Newly Urbanized Community

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tianpei Ma ◽  
Hongdao Meng ◽  
Zhiqiu Ye ◽  
Chaoyong Jia ◽  
Min Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Health Literacy ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Productive Aging ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Chinese Adults ◽  
Cross Sectional

Productive aging, or older adults engaging in paid or unpaid activities that produce socially valued goods or services, has been suggested to have the beneficial impact on older adults' health and well-being. We performed a cross-sectional study to examine the influence of health literacy on the relationship between socioeconomic status (SES) and productive aging among older Chinese adults in a newly urbanized community. Data was collected from 995 older adults from a newly urbanized community between June and August 2013 in Chengdu, China. We used structural equation modeling (SEM) to test the hypothesized relationship among SES, health literacy and productive aging. Results showed that education attainment and income had a direct positive effect on health literacy (β = 0.47and β = 0.15, respectively). Education had a partial indirect effect on productive aging through health literacy (β = 0.27). And health literacy was an important factor in improving the productive aging of the elderly. Interventions targeting health education and health promotion should be taken to improve health literacy of older adults under the background of urbanization, especially for those with lower SES.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document