scholarly journals Factors Related to COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake in Black American Communities

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 232-233
Author(s):  
Julene Johnson ◽  
Orlando Harris ◽  
Carl V Hill ◽  
Peter Lichtenberg ◽  
Sahru Keiser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
San Francisco ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Black Americans ◽  
Vaccine Uptake ◽  
Health Campaigns ◽  
Black African ◽  
Vaccination Rates ◽  
Virtual Focus Groups ◽  
The Government

Abstract Black/African Americans represent 13% of the population, yet account for more than 24% of COVID-19 deaths. Emerging evidence indicates that Black Americans are receiving COVID-19 vaccines at lower rates than whites. However, there is minimal information about why vaccination rates are lower. To address this gap, we examined the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic among Black Americans, with an emphasis on understanding trust and vaccine uptake. Data were collected between July and September 2020 using 8 virtual focus groups in Detroit, MI and San Francisco Bay Area, CA with 33 older Black Americans and 11 caregivers of older Black Americans with cognitive impairment. Inductive/deductive content analysis was used to identify themes. The first theme pointed to a sense of feeling abandoned by healthcare providers and the government at local and state levels, which exacerbated uncertainty and fear about the vaccine and in general. The second theme emphasized a sense of deep distrust towards healthcare providers and the government, especially during the pandemic. The third theme pointed to a reluctance in receiving the vaccine because of distrust of pharmaceutical companies and the government, as well as misinformation and the rapid speed of vaccine development. These findings suggest that underlying systemic issues need to be addressed immediately to accelerate vaccine uptake among older Black Americans. New initiatives are needed to foster trust and address abandonment by healthcare and government systems. In addition, public health campaigns with reliable information about the COVID-19 vaccine are needed.

scholarly journals Factors Related to COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake in Black American Communities

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 7-7
Author(s):  
Julene Johnson ◽  
Orlando Harris ◽  
Carl V Hill ◽  
Peter Lichtenberg ◽  
Sahru Keiser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
San Francisco ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Black Americans ◽  
Vaccine Uptake ◽  
Black American ◽  
Pharmaceutical Companies ◽  
Black African ◽  
The Third ◽  
Virtual Focus Groups ◽  
The Government

Abstract Black/African Americans represent 13% of the population, yet account for about a quarter of COVID-19 deaths. Black Americans receive COVID-19 vaccines at lower rates than whites. To address this gap, we examined effects of the COVID-19 pandemic among Black Americans, emphasizing understanding trust and vaccines. Data were collected (July to September 2020) using 8 virtual focus groups in Detroit and San Francisco with 33 older Black Americans and 11 caregivers. Content analysis was used to identify themes. The first theme pointed to a sense of feeling abandoned by healthcare providers and the government, which exacerbated uncertainty and fear. The second theme emphasized distrust towards healthcare providers and government. The third theme pointed to a reluctance in receiving the vaccine because of distrust of pharmaceutical companies and government, as well as misinformation. These findings suggest that underlying systemic issues need to be addressed to accelerate vaccine uptake among older Black Americans.

scholarly journals Exploration of attitudes regarding uptake of COVID-19 vaccines among vaccine hesitant adults in the UK: A qualitative analysis.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Denford ◽  
Fiona Mowbray ◽  
Lauren Towler ◽  
Helena Wehling ◽  
Gemma Lasseter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vaccine Uptake ◽  
Health Campaigns ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
First Results ◽  
Understanding Of Science ◽  
The Government ◽  
Public Health Campaigns ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Uk

Abstract Background The aim of this work was to explore barriers and facilitators to uptake of COVID-19 vaccines and to explore views and reactions to efforts to improve vaccine uptake among those who were vaccine hesitant. Methods Semi-structured interviews were conducted with people between the age of 18-29 years who had not had a COVID-19 vaccine, and those between 30-49 years who have not received a second dose of a COVID-19 vaccine (more than 12 weeks after receiving a first). Results A total of 70 participants took part in the study, 35 participants had received one dose of the vaccine, and 35 had not received any vaccine. Participants described a possible willingness to be vaccinated to keep themselves and those around them safe, and to avoid restrictions and return to normal. Barriers to uptake included: 1) perceived lack of need for COVID-19 vaccinations, 2) concerns about the efficacy of vaccinations, 3) concerns about safety 4) access. Uptake appeared to be influenced by the age and health status of the individual, trust in government and knowledge and understanding of science. Introduction of vaccine passes may provide a motive for having a vaccine but may also be viewed as coercive. Conclusion Participants were hesitant, rather than opposed, and had questions about their need for, and the safety and efficacy of the vaccine. Young people did not consider themselves to be at risk of becoming ill from COVID-19, did not think the vaccination was effective in preventing infection and transmission, and did not think sufficient research had been conducted with regard to the possible long-term side-effects. These concerns were exacerbated by a lack of trust in the government and misunderstanding of science. In order to promote uptake, public health campaigns should focus on the provision of information from trusted sources that carefully explains the benefits of vaccination and addresses safety concerns more effectively. To overcome inertia in people with low levels of motivation to be vaccinated, appointments must be easily accessible.

scholarly journals HBV Testing and Vaccinations among Asian and Pacific Islander Patients

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-25
Author(s):  
Joseph R. Domingo ◽  
Grace J. Yoo ◽  
Jeff Henne ◽  
Rita Shiau ◽  
Melissa A. Sanchez
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
San Francisco ◽  
Physician Attitudes ◽  
Health Campaigns ◽  
Vaccination Rates ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Asian And Pacific Islander ◽  
Public Health Campaigns ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Hbv Screening

Background and Significance: One in 12 Asian and Pacific Islanders (APIs) are infected with hepatitis B (HBV). APIs represent one-third of the population in San Francisco. San Francisco Hep B Free (SFHBF), a citywide collaboration, works to educate physicians and the community on the importance of hepatitis B among APIs through increasing awareness, education and the availability of screening and vaccinations. The purpose of this paper was to qualitatively assess the perceived impact of SFHBF on the awareness and attitudes of physicians regarding screening and vaccination of APIs. Methods: Twenty physicians (n=20) participated in key informant interviews about HBV awareness and involvement with SFHBF. The questions focused on physician attitudes and practice towards HBV screening, vaccination and follow-up care, communication with patients about HBV, and awareness and effectiveness of the SFHBF outreach efforts. Results: Findings highlighted SFHBF’s impact on physicians’ sensitivity and awareness. Overall, physicians were increasing their HBV screening and vaccination rates among their API patients. Physicians noted the need for continual support to prioritize HBV screening and vaccination among their API patients. Conclusion: The findings of this study are important for understanding the impact of public health campaigns on physician attitudes and practices regarding HBV education, screening, and vaccinations among their API patients.

scholarly journals Addressing Parental Vaccine Hesitancy and Other Barriers to Childhood/Adolescent Vaccination Uptake During the Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olufunto A. Olusanya ◽  
Robert A. Bednarczyk ◽  
Robert L. Davis ◽  
Arash Shaban-Nejad
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Policy Decision ◽  
The United States ◽  
Vaccine Uptake ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Children And Adolescent ◽  
Vaccination Rates

Routine childhood immunizations are proven to be one of the most effective public health interventions at controlling numerous deadly diseases. Therefore, the CDC recommends routine immunizations for children and adolescent populations against vaccine-preventable diseases e.g., tetanus, pertussis, diphtheria, etc. This current review sought to examine barriers to pediatric vaccine uptake behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic. We also explored the implications for parental vaccine hesitancy/delay during an ongoing health crisis and proposed recommendations for increasing vaccine confidence and compliance. Our review determined that the receipt for vaccinations steadily improved in the last decade for both the United States and Tennessee. However, this incremental progress has been forestalled by the COVID-19 pandemic and other barriers i.e. parental vaccine hesitancy, social determinants of health (SDoH) inequalities, etc. which further exacerbate vaccination disparities. Moreover, non-compliance to routine vaccinations could cause an outbreak of diseases, thereby, worsening the ongoing health crisis and already strained health care system. Healthcare providers are uniquely positioned to offer effective recommendations with presumptive languaging to increase vaccination rates, as well as, address parental vaccine hesitancy. Best practices that incorporate healthcare providers’ quality improvement coaching, vaccination reminder recall systems, adherence to standardized safety protocols (physical distancing, hand hygiene practices, etc.), as well as, offer telehealth and outdoor/drive-through/curbside vaccination services, etc. are warranted. Additionally, a concerted effort should be made to utilize public health surveillance systems to collect, analyze, and interpret data, thereby, ensuring the dissemination of timely, accurate health information for effective health policy decision-making e.g., vaccine distribution, etc.

scholarly journals To vaccinate or not to vaccinate? Women’s perception of vaccination in pregnancy: a qualitative study

BJGP Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. bjgpopen18X101457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aisling O'Shea ◽  
Brian Cleary ◽  
Edel McEntee ◽  
Tina Barrett ◽  
Austin O'Carroll ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Influencing Factor ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Vaccine Safety ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Maternity Hospital ◽  
Health Campaigns ◽  
Vaccination Rates ◽  
In Pregnancy

BackgroundVaccination against influenza and pertussis in pregnancy can reduce the significant morbidity and mortality associated with these infections. Despite this, there is poor uptake of both vaccines in pregnancy.AimTo explore women’s perception of vaccination in pregnancy and thereby determine the reasons behind such low vaccination rates.Design & settingThis is a qualitative study undertaken at a large maternity hospital.MethodSeventeen post-partum women completed a semi-structured interview discussing vaccination. They were recruited from a quantitative study looking at vaccination rates in pregnancy. The interview transcripts were discussed among three researchers and underwent thematic analysis.ResultsThree themes emerged. The first theme explored the influencing factors that shaped the women’s decision to vaccinate in pregnancy. The recommendation of a healthcare provider was the most important influencing factor for this study's cohort of women. The second theme highlighted the deficiency in knowledge women had regarding vaccine safety. The last theme related to the pertussis vaccine, and the reluctance of healthcare providers to discuss and offer this vaccine in pregnancy.ConclusionThe qualitative approach gives voice to the thoughts and concerns of women as they make the complex decision to vaccinate in pregnancy. Clinicians must be cognizant of the important role they play in advising women to vaccinate in pregnancy. They must advise women that the vaccine is safe and address any of their concerns. Lastly, a message on vaccine safety should be included in future public health campaigns to promote vaccination in pregnancy.

scholarly journals Support for a COVID-19 vaccine mandate in the face of safety concerns and political affiliations: An Australian study

Politics ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 026339572110090
Author(s):  
David T Smith ◽  
Katie Attwell ◽  
Uwana Evers
Keyword(s):  
Vaccine Development ◽  
The Political ◽  
Australian Study ◽  
Safety Concerns ◽  
Government Mandates ◽  
Childhood Vaccine ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Government ◽  
Levels Of Support

COVID-19 vaccine development has been widely awaited, but concerns around acceptance and political polarisation prevail. We sought to determine the willingness of Australians to take a (then prospective) COVID-19 vaccine, compared with their previously recorded opinions about other vaccines. We also sought to determine reasons for hesitancy, levels of support for possible government mandates, and the political basis of support. We surveyed 1200 Australians, including 898 participants in a panel previously asked in 2017 about vaccines and mandates. In all, 66% of respondents indicated they would take a coronavirus vaccine, less than the 88% who in 2017 agreed that vaccines are safe, effective, and necessary. Also, 70% of the respondents who indicated hesitancy were concerned about the safety of the vaccine if it was developed too quickly, and 73% of all respondents agreed that the government should require a coronavirus vaccine for work, travel, and study. This is lower than the 85% who agreed with the childhood vaccine mandate in 2017, but slightly higher than the number of respondents who indicated that they would definitely be willing to take the coronavirus vaccine themselves. Older respondents, higher income respondents, and respondents who vote for major parties were all significantly more likely to take a coronavirus vaccine and to support government requirements.

scholarly journals Cigar-Smoking-Cessation Interest and Experience among Black Young Adults: A Semi-Structured In-Depth Interview Investigation

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (14) ◽  
pp. 7309
Author(s):  
Aniruddh Ajith ◽  
Aaron Broun ◽  
Danielle A. Duarte ◽  
Bambi Jewett ◽  
Lilianna Phan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Financial Constraints ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Smoking Prevalence ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Black African ◽  
Depth Interview ◽  
Cigar Smoking

Although Black/African American populations have high cigar-smoking prevalence, little is known about cigar-smoking cessation among this group. This study explored the perceptions and experiences of cigar-smoking cessation and assistance received from healthcare providers among forty Black young-adult cigar smokers (ages 21–29). Semi-structured in-depth phone interviews were transcribed and coded. Qualitative data were analyzed by using thematic analysis. Participants mostly smoked cigarillos, large cigars, and blunts. Overall, many regular cigarillo smokers reported interest in quitting eventually, while large-cigar and blunt smokers shared less interest in quitting because they perceived low harm from smoking these products. The reasons for cigar-smoking cessation were health concerns and financial constraints. Most of the participants who attempted to quit cigars did not use any cessation aids. The reasons for relapse included nicotine withdrawal, stress, and easy access. Additionally, most participants reported their healthcare providers did not ask whether they smoked cigars, and even when they knew, little assistance for cigar-smoking cessation was provided. Informing Black cigar smokers of the harm of cigar smoking and encouraging healthcare providers to screen for and assist with cigar-smoking cessation may alleviate the health burden of cigar smoking in this population.

scholarly journals Adenovirus and RNA-based COVID-19 vaccines’ perceptions and acceptance among healthcare workers in Saudi Arabia: a national survey

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. e048586
Author(s):  
Mohamad-Hani Temsah ◽  
Mazin Barry ◽  
Fadi Aljamaan ◽  
Abdullah Alhuzaimi ◽  
Ayman Al-Eyadhy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Vaccine Uptake ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
Vectored Vaccine ◽  
To Receive

ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to compare the perception, confidence, hesitancy and acceptance rate of various COVID-19 vaccine types among healthcare workers (HCWs) in Saudi Arabia, a nation with Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus experience.DesignNational cross-sectional, pilot-validated questionnaire.SettingOnline, self-administered questionnaire among HCWs.ParticipantsA total of 2007 HCWs working in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia participated; 1512 (75.3%) participants completed the survey and were included in the analysis.InterventionData were collected through an online survey sent to HCWs during 1–15 November 2020. The main outcome measure was HCW acceptance of COVID-19 candidate vaccines. The associated factors of vaccination acceptance were identified through a logistic regression analysis and via measurement of the level of anxiety, using the Generalised Anxiety Disorder 7 scale.ResultsAmong the 1512 HCWs who were included, 62.4% were women, 70.3% were between 21 and 40 years of age, and the majority (62.2%) were from tertiary hospitals. In addition, 59.5% reported knowing about at least one vaccine; 24.4% of the participants were sure about their willingness to receive the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine, and 20.9% were willing to receive the RNA BNT162b2 vaccine. However, 18.3% reported that they would refuse to receive the Ad5-vectored vaccine, and 17.9% would refuse the Gam-COVID-Vac vaccine. Factors that influenced the differential readiness of HCWs included their perceptions of the vaccine’s efficiency in preventing the infection (33%), their personal preferences (29%) and the vaccine’s manufacturing country (28.6%).ConclusionsAwareness by HCWs of the several COVID-19 candidate vaccines could improve their perceptions and acceptance of vaccination. Reliable sources on vaccine efficiency could improve vaccine uptake, so healthcare authorities should use reliable information to decrease vaccine hesitancy among frontline healthcare providers.

Understanding Online Conversation about COVID-19 Vaccine on Twitter: Data Mining Approach (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Malova
Keyword(s):  
Online Social Networks ◽  
Information Seeking ◽  
Information Dissemination ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Online Communication ◽  
Vaccine Safety ◽  
Interaction Patterns ◽  
Twitter Users ◽  
The Government ◽  
Online Conversation

BACKGROUND Timely vaccination against COVID-19 can prevent a large number of people from getting infected. However, given the disease novelty and fast vaccine development, some people are hesitant to vaccinate. Online social networks like Twitter produce huge amounts of public health information and impact peoples' vaccination decisions. Hence, it is important to understand the conversation around the COVID-19 vaccination through the lens of social media. OBJECTIVE The present study aimed to define the nature of a larger Twitter conversation around the COVID-19 vaccine and explored interaction patterns between Twitter users engaged in such a conversation. METHODS Data collection took place in November 2020 on the wave of the news about the COVID-19 vaccine breakthrough. In total, 9600 Twitter posts were analyzed using a combination of text and network analysis. RESULTS Results of this study show that mixed-emotions reactions and discussions about potential side effects and vaccine safety dominated the online conversation. Twitter was primarily used for two purposes: information dissemination and opinion expression. Overall, the communication network was sparse, non-reciprocal, decentralized, and highly modular. Four main network clusters highlighted different groups of conversation stakeholders. CONCLUSIONS This study provides important insights into public sentiments, information-seeking behaviors, and online communication patterns during a major COVID-19 crisis. Given the popularity of Twitter among different types of communities and its power for rapid information dissemination, it can be an effective tool for vaccination promotion. Thus, it should be actively used to promote safe and effective vaccination through major stakeholders in the government, science, and health sectors.

Ukraine tightens rules to boost COVID vaccine uptake

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Vaccination Programme ◽  
Vaccine Uptake ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Macroeconomic Performance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Many

Significance This places two-thirds of Ukrainian regions under the most stringent COVID-19 restrictions. In its second pandemic autumn, Ukraine is performing poorly because this year's vaccination programme has been slow to pick up, until a recent acceleration prompted by tougher restrictions. Vaccine hesitancy has been compounded by a scandal involving fake certificates. Impacts The government will blame the COVID-19 surge for poor macroeconomic performance. President Zelensky's standing will be largely unaffected, as responsibility for restrictions is mostly devolved to regions. COVID-19 will not sideline the many challenges facing the government, currently reflected in an emerging cabinet reshuffle.

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