OUTCOMES MEASUREMENT IN EARLY-STAGE MEMORY LOSS INTERVENTIONS: A SCOPING REVIEW

Abstract Psychosocial and psychoeducational groups are widely recommended for individuals with early stage Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (ADRD). However, measurement challenges have hindered researchers’ efforts to demonstrate the efficacy of these groups. The purpose of this scoping review was to identify common measurement tools used in interventions for individuals with early stage ADRD and to develop suggestions for future investigations. CINAHL, Embase, PsycINFO, and PubMed were searched; 102 studies were reviewed. Inclusion criteria were set to capture intervention studies that utilized quantifiable measures with participants over age 50. Eleven articles met inclusion criteria. The majority of studies (73%) employed randomized controlled trial designs. Sample sizes ranged from N=20-236. Most commonly measured outcomes included depression, self-efficacy, self-esteem, and quality of life, but there was little consensus on how to best measure these outcomes. Standardization of psychosocial assessment tools are needed for future intervention studies with early stage ADRD.

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A Scoping Review of Interventions Aimed at Improving Knowledge, Detection Practices and Management of Dementia among Health Professionals (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.20587 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Krishna Krishna Prasad Pathak

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Health Professionals ◽

Educational Program ◽

Best Practice ◽

Intervention Studies ◽

Educational Interventions ◽

Learning Activities ◽

Inclusion Criteria ◽

Improving Health Care

BACKGROUND Health professionals (HPs) play a key role in dementia management and detection. However, there is a gap in the literature as to what represents best practice with regard to educating HPs to improve their dementia detection practices and management. OBJECTIVE The objective of this scoping review is to synthesize the aggregated studies aimed at improving health care knowledge, detection practices and management of dementia among HPs. METHODS We searched electronically published relevant articles with inclusion criteria; (1) intervention studies aimed at improving HPs practices concerning dementia care and (2) educational interventions focused on nurses and doctors’ knowledge, detection practice and management of dementia. Twenty-five articles fit the inclusion criteria. RESULTS Collaborative programs of practice based workshops, interactive learning activities with community and multi-faced educational program were the most effective. CONCLUSIONS HPs should be supported to improve their knowledge, tackle behavioural problems associated with dementia, be made aware of services and be enabled to engage in more early diagnosis. CLINICALTRIAL no applicable

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The dynamics of appraisal: a review of 20 years of research using the Fortitude Questionnaire

South African Journal of Psychology ◽

10.1177/0081246320957489 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 008124632095748

Author(s):

Tyrone Brian Pretorius ◽

Anita Padmanabhanunni

Keyword(s):

Scoping Review ◽

Protective Factor ◽

Intervention Studies ◽

Social Supports ◽

Cognitive Appraisals ◽

Well Being ◽

Inclusion Criteria ◽

Scoping Reviews ◽

High Risk Populations ◽

Psychological Strength

Fortitude refers to the psychological strength to manage adversity and stay well. It is derived from adaptive cognitive appraisals of self, family, and social supports and has consistently been identified as a protective factor in psychological well-being. This study undertakes a scoping review of empirical research on the Fortitude Questionnaire, which was developed to assess levels of fortitude. The aims of the study were to categorize and catalogue studies that have used the Fortitude Questionnaire, identify the variables that have been linked to the scale, and determine the extent to which prior research has replicated the Fortitude Questionnaire’s psychometric properties. Arksey and O’Malley’s five-stage framework for scoping reviews was followed to review studies published between January 1999 and March 2020. A total of 51 studies met the inclusion criteria. The scoping review found that the Fortitude Questionnaire has been used in different contexts and among various sample groups across the lifespan, including vulnerable and high-risk populations. The scale has demonstrated sound reliability and studies have confirmed its factor structure. The scale has also been used as an independent, dependent, and intervening variable. Fortitude has been linked to positive and negative indicators of well-being, and intervention studies have indicated that fortitude is amenable to change. The findings of this scoping review provide a foundation for the development of appraisal restructuring programmes and interventions.

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Multi-intervention Approach for Preventing and Management of Dementia among Elderly

Asian Community Health Nursing Research ◽

10.29253/achnr.2019.1910 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 9

Author(s):

Ihda Al Adawiyah MZ ◽

Neti Juniarti ◽

Citra Windani Mambang Sari

Keyword(s):

Family Involvement ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Inclusion Criteria ◽

Intervention Approach ◽

Quantitative Studies ◽

Keywords Dementia ◽

Quasi Experimental ◽

Single Intervention ◽

Randomised Controlled

Dementia is a symptom caused by memory diseases, cognitive and behavioral disorders.Various quantitative studies about the dementia interventions have been reported. However, most of the studies used single intervention which did not give a comprehensive approach for the client. The purpose of the article was to determine types of interventions that are effective to overcome dementia problems among elderly people. This review used a scoping review method. Electronic literature searching was conducted using databases: Google Scholar, Proquest, EBSCOhost, PubMed, Scopus and DOAJ, using keywords Dementia, Elderly, and Intervention. The inclusion criteria were:peer-reviewed articles, published between2007-2017, research design included quasi-experimental, experimental and Randomised Controlled Trial. Exclusion criteria were non-English papers and the sample size was fewer than 30 participants. Scoping review method were used. Results: A total of 38,100 papers were retrieved: however, 79 enter into the inclusion criteria, and further 60 papers were excluded. Thus, only 19 articles were included in the analysis. Five out of 19 articles used multi-interventions. The types of interventions were occupational therapy, physical activity, reminiscence program, diet, and cognitive therapy. Multi-intervention approach has shown more positive results compared to single intervention.However,most studies did not involve family or caregiver in the interventions. Multi-intervention studies have more potential to produce effective outcomes for treating or preventing dementia and improve quality of life than those with one intervention.Further research is requested to examine the effect of multi-intervention combined with family involvement to prevent or treat dementia among elderly in the community.

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Tools for measuring technical skills during gynaecologic surgery: a scoping review

BMC Medical Education ◽

10.1186/s12909-021-02790-w ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Louise Inkeri Hennings ◽

Jette Led Sørensen ◽

Jane Hybscmann ◽

Jeanett Strandbygaard

Keyword(s):

Scoping Review ◽

Rating Scales ◽

Assessment Tool ◽

Technical Skills ◽

Assessment Tools ◽

Global Rating ◽

Inclusion Criteria ◽

Observational Assessment ◽

Specific Error ◽

Gynaecologic Surgery

Abstract Background Standardised assessment is key to structured surgical training. Currently, there is no consensus on which surgical assessment tool to use in live gynaecologic surgery. The purpose of this review is to identify assessment tools measuring technical skills in gynaecologic surgery and evaluate the measurement characteristics of each tool. Method We utilized the scoping review methodology and searched PubMed, Medline, Embase and Cochrane. Inclusion criteria were studies that analysed assessment tools in live gynaecologic surgery. Kane’s validity argument was applied to evaluate the assessment tools in the included studies. Results Eight studies out of the 544 identified fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The assessment tools were categorised as global rating scales, global and procedure rating scales combined, procedure-specific rating scales or as a non-procedure-specific error assessment tool. Conclusion This scoping review presents the current different tools for observational assessment of technical skills in intraoperative, gynaecologic surgery. This scoping review can serve as a guide for surgical educators who want to apply a scale or a specific tool in surgical assessment.

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Occupational therapy interventions for adults with severe mental illness: a scoping review

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2020-047467 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (10) ◽

pp. e047467

Author(s):

María Rocamora-Montenegro ◽

Laura-María Compañ-Gabucio ◽

Manuela Garcia de la Hera

Keyword(s):

Mental Illness ◽

Occupational Therapy ◽

Severe Mental Illness ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Psychosocial Intervention ◽

Intervention Studies ◽

Inclusion Criteria ◽

Obsessive Compulsive ◽

Exercise Interventions ◽

Schizotypal Personality

ObjectiveTo identify the occupational therapy (OT) interventions in adults with severe mental illness (SMI) most investigated in intervention studies and to describe their characteristics.DesignScoping review.Data sourcesOn 17 January 2020, we searched the following electronic databases: MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science and EMBASE. We also performed a manual search of TESEO doctoral thesis database and of the journals indexed in the first quartile of OT according to the SCImago Journal Rank. We updated our search on 10 March 2021, performing a complementary search on ProQuest database and repeating the search in all sources. The terms included in the search strategy were: schizophrenia, schizotypal personality, delusional, schizoaffective, psychotic, bipolar, major depression, obsessive–compulsive, severe mental, OT and intervention.Study selectionThe study screening was peer-reviewed. Inclusion criteria were: (1) OT intervention studies in SMI: experimental, randomised, non-randomised and pilot/exploratory studies; (2) adult population with SMI: schizophrenia, schizotypal personality disorder, delusional disorder, obsessive–compulsive disorder, schizoaffective disorder, psychotic disorder, bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder; (3) OT identified as a discipline involved in the intervention; (4) English or Spanish language and (5) studies with full text available.ResultsThirty-five studies met the inclusion criteria. OT interventions were classified in psychosocial, psychoeducational, cognitive and exercise interventions. The most used OT intervention was psychosocial intervention.ConclusionPsychosocial intervention was the most investigated OT intervention in SMI, followed by psychoeducational, cognitive and exercise interventions. These interventions are usually group interventions in patients with schizophrenia, performed by a multidisciplinary team (in which an occupational therapist collaborates), with 2–3 weekly 60 min sessions and a duration of 3–6 months.

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A Scoping Review of Interventions Aimed at Improving Knowledge, Detection Practices and Management of Dementia among Health Professionals (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.20585 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

◽

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Health Professionals ◽

Best Practice ◽

Intervention Program ◽

Intervention Studies ◽

Educational Interventions ◽

Learning Activities ◽

Inclusion Criteria ◽

Improving Health Care

BACKGROUND Health professionals (HPs) play a key role in dementia management and detection. However, there is a gap in the literature as to what represents best practice with regard to educating HPs to improve their dementia detection practices and management. The objective of this scoping review is to synthesize the aggregated studies aimed at improving health care knowledge, detection practices and management of dementia among HPs. OBJECTIVE To synthesize the aggregated studies aimed at improving health care knowledge, detection practices and management of dementia among HPs by the intervention program METHODS We searched electronically published relevant articles with inclusion criteria; (1) intervention studies aimed at improving HPs practices concerning dementia care and (2) educational interventions focused on nurses and doctors’ knowledge, detection practice and management of dementia. Twenty-five articles fit the inclusion criteria. RESULTS Collaborative programs of practice based workshops, interactive learning activities with community and multi-faced educational program were the most effective. CONCLUSIONS HPs should be supported to improve their knowledge, tackle behavioural problems associated with dementia, be made aware of services and be enabled to engage in more early diagnosis. CLINICALTRIAL none

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Patient-generated health data and electronic health record integration: a scoping review

JAMIA Open ◽

10.1093/jamiaopen/ooaa052 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Victoria L Tiase ◽

William Hull ◽

Mary M McFarland ◽

Katherine A Sward ◽

Guilherme Del Fiol ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Scoping Review ◽

Care Setting ◽

Early Stage ◽

Health Data ◽

Inclusion Criteria ◽

Health History ◽

Resource Requirements ◽

Care Gaps ◽

Electronic Health ◽

Study Designs

Abstract Objectives Patient-generated health data (PGHD) are clinically relevant data captured by patients outside of the traditional care setting. Clinical use of PGHD has emerged as an essential issue. This study explored the evidence to determine the extent of and describe the characteristics of PGHD integration into electronic health records (EHRs). Methods In August 2019, we conducted a systematic scoping review. We included studies with complete, partial, or in-progress PGHD and EHR integration within a clinical setting. The retrieved articles were screened for eligibility by 2 researchers, and data from eligible articles were abstracted, coded, and analyzed. Results A total of 19 studies met inclusion criteria after screening 9463 abstracts. Most of the study designs were pilots and all were published between 2013 and 2019. Types of PGHD were biometric and patient activity (57.9%), questionnaires and surveys (36.8%), and health history (5.3%). Diabetes was the most common patient condition (42.1%) for PGHD collection. Active integration (57.9%) was slightly more common than passive integration (31.6%). We categorized emergent themes into the 3 steps of PGHD flow. Themes emerged concerning resource requirements, data delivery to the EHR, and preferences for review. Discussion PGHD integration into EHRs appears to be at an early stage. PGHD have the potential to close health care gaps and support personalized medicine. Efforts are needed to understand how to optimize PGHD integration into EHRs considering resources, standards for EHR delivery, and clinical workflows.

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Impact of Geriatric Home Screening Services on Mental State: A Systematic Review

International Psychogeriatrics ◽

10.1017/s1041610298005183 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 97-102 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Martin G. Cole

Keyword(s):

Mental State ◽

Intervention Studies ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Inclusion Criteria ◽

Screening Service ◽

Validity Criteria ◽

Screening Services ◽

Aged Subjects ◽

Based Medicine ◽

The Impact

The purpose of this report was to determine the impact of geriatric home screening services on mental state. Two computer databases, MEDLINE and HealthSTAR, were searched for relevant articles published from January 1975 to June 1997, and the bibliographies of retrieved articles were searched for additional references. Seven trials were located that met the four inclusion criteria: (a) original study; (b) published in English or French; (c) controlled trial (randomized or nonrandomized) of a geriatric home screening service; and (d) the trial included at least one measure of mental state. All trials met most of the validity criteria for intervention studies of the Evidence-Based Medicine Working Group. Two trials reported a small effect on morale or self-perceived health and five trials reported no effect. Thus, there was little evidence that geriatric home screening services had an impact on the mental state of aged subjects.

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