scholarly journals Mapping geologic features onto subducted slabs

2019 ◽  
Vol 219 (2) ◽  
pp. 725-733 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas Harmon ◽  
Catherine Rychert ◽  
Jenny Collier ◽  
Tim Henstock ◽  
Jeroen van Hunen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multidimensional Scaling ◽  
Seismic Velocity ◽  
Ore Deposits ◽  
Lesser Antilles ◽  
Test Case ◽  
Fracture Zones ◽  
Spatial Correlations ◽  
Arc Volcanism ◽  
Tectonic Features ◽  
Good Agreement

SUMMARY Estimating the location of geologic and tectonic features on a subducting plate is important for interpreting their spatial relationships with other observables including seismicity, seismic velocity and attenuation anomalies, and the location of ore deposits and arc volcanism in the over-riding plate. Here we present two methods for estimating the location of predictable features such as seamounts, ridges and fracture zones on the slab. One uses kinematic reconstructions of plate motions, and the other uses multidimensional scaling to flatten the slab onto the surface of the Earth. We demonstrate the methods using synthetic examples and also using the test case of fracture zones entering the Lesser Antilles subduction zone. The two methods produce results that are in good agreement with each other in both the synthetic and real examples. In the Lesser Antilles, the subducted fracture zones trend northwards of the surface projections. The two methods begin to diverge in regions where the multidimensional scaling method has its greatest likely error. Wider application of these methods may help to establish spatial correlations globally.

Thermal Analysis of Stacked Ni-MH Battery

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katsumi Hisano ◽  
Hideo Iwasaki ◽  
Masaru Ishizuka ◽  
Tetsuya Yamane
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Numerical Analysis ◽  
Temperature Rise ◽  
Test Case ◽  
Charge Retention ◽  
Calculated Temperature ◽  
Computational Load ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Mh Battery ◽  
Good Agreement

Abstract Numerical analysis was carried out to evaluate the temperature rise and charge retention of Ni-MH batteries as pallet loads. In this paper, thermal analysis of pallet loads which contain 2400 mAh Ni-MH batteries is considered as a test case. To reduce computational load, thermal analysis was performed in three stages. Measured and calculated temperature rise of the load showed good agreement, and it can be observed that there exists an appropriate charge retention of the battery to sustain high retention during transportation.

scholarly journals Multi-Year Comparison of CO2 Concentration from NOAA Carbon Tracker Reanalysis Model with Data from GOSAT and OCO-2 over Asia

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (15) ◽  
pp. 2498
Author(s):  
Farhan Mustafa ◽  
Lingbing Bu ◽  
Qin Wang ◽  
Md. Arfan Ali ◽  
Muhammad Bilal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Budget ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Spatial Correlations ◽  
Western Asia ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2 ◽  
Good Agreement

Accurate knowledge of the carbon budget on global and regional scales is critically important to design mitigation strategies aimed at stabilizing the atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. For a better understanding of CO2 variation trends over Asia, in this study, the column-averaged CO2 dry air mole fraction (XCO2) derived from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) CarbonTracker (CT) was compared with that of Greenhouse Gases Observing Satellite (GOSAT) from September 2009 to August 2019 and with Orbiting Carbon Observatory 2 (OCO-2) from September 2014 until August 2019. Moreover, monthly averaged time-series and seasonal climatology comparisons were also performed separately over the five regions of Asia; i.e., Central Asia, East Asia, South Asia, Southeast Asia, and Western Asia. The results show that XCO2 from GOSAT is higher than the XCO2 simulated by CT by an amount of 0.61 ppm, whereas, OCO-2 XCO2 is lower than CT by 0.31 ppm on average, over Asia. The mean spatial correlations of 0.93 and 0.89 and average Root Mean Square Deviations (RMSDs) of 2.61 and 2.16 ppm were found between the CT and GOSAT, and CT and OCO-2, respectively, implying the existence of a good agreement between the CT and the other two satellites datasets. The spatial distribution of the datasets shows that the larger uncertainties exist over the southwest part of China. Over Asia, NOAA CT shows a good agreement with GOSAT and OCO-2 in terms of spatial distribution, monthly averaged time series, and seasonal climatology with small biases. These results suggest that CO2 can be used from either of the datasets to understand its role in the carbon budget, climate change, and air quality at regional to global scales.

Experimental Validation of a Dynamic Model for Flexible Link Mechanisms

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Caracciolo ◽  
A. Gasparetto ◽  
A. Trevisani
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Experimental Validation ◽  
Numerical Results ◽  
Test Case ◽  
Planar Mechanisms ◽  
Transient Period ◽  
Element Approach ◽  
Multi Body ◽  
The Mathematical Model ◽  
Good Agreement

Abstract This paper presents an experimental validation of a finite element approach for the dynamic analysis of flexible multi-body planar mechanisms. The mathematical model employed accounts for mechanism geometric and inertial non-linearities and considers coupling effects among rigid-body and elastic motion. A flexible five-bar linkage actuated by two electric motors is employed as a test case. Experimentally determined link absolute deformations are compared with the numerical results obtained simulating the system dynamic behavior through the mathematical model. The experimental and numerical results are in good agreement especially after the very first transient period.

Evaluation of Unsteady CFD Methods by Their Application to a Transonic Propfan Stage

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Schmitt ◽  
F. Eulitz ◽  
L. Wallscheid ◽  
A. Arnone ◽  
M. Marconcini
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Methods ◽  
Navier Stokes ◽  
Test Case ◽  
Flow Angle ◽  
Laser Measurements ◽  
General Flow ◽  
Blade Row ◽  
Flow Features ◽  
Blade Row Interaction ◽  
Good Agreement

The accuracy in predicting the unsteady aerodynamic blade-row-interaction of two state-of-the-art Navier-Stokes codes is evaluated within the current paper. The general flow features of the test case — a transonic research propfan stage — are described in brief as far as necessary to understand the detailed comparisons. The calculated unsteady velocity and flow angle distributions at various axial planes of the stage are compared to data from unsteady laser measurements. The general flow features of the propfan are very well reproduced by the numerical methods and a good agreement is also obtained in comparison to the measured data. One important outcome of the comparison is the good agreement of both numerical methods with the unsteady fluctuations measured in the experiment.

Lead and Silver Production in the Montevecchio Basin (Western Sardinia, Italy)

1996 ◽  
Vol 462 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.M. Ingo ◽  
T. Agus ◽  
R. Ruggeri ◽  
A. Amore Bonapasta ◽  
G. Bultrini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Isotope Fractionation ◽  
Lead Isotope ◽  
Isotope Analysis ◽  
Ore Deposits ◽  
Smelting Process ◽  
Metal Production ◽  
Lead Isotope Analysis ◽  
Rule Out ◽  
Good Agreement

ABSTRACTLead slags and lead pieces, chronologically related to the Punic and Roman periods (IV BC - II AC), have been found at Bocche di Sciria, in the basin of the Montevecchio mine (south-western Sardinia, Italy). Furthermore, along the coast of this area over than 20 Punic and Roman shipwrecks with charges of lead ingots have been found. These materials indicate intense pyrometallurgical activities and the presence of metal production centres very close to the metal ore deposits. The microchemical studies of the slags have shown that they can be associated to a smelting process for lead and silver production. Furthermore, lead isotope analysis has been carried out for lead ores from Montevecchio and for the lead slags, litharge, lead pieces found there. The results for lead ores are in good agreement with literature and the scatter of data for slags, litharge and lead pieces suggest to rule out a lead isotope fractionation in ancient lead and silver production.

An Accelerated 3D Navier–Stokes Solver for Flows in Turbomachines

2010 ◽  
Vol 133 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias Brandvik ◽  
Graham Pullan
Keyword(s):  
Graphics Processing Units ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Navier Stokes ◽  
Linear Scaling ◽  
Test Case ◽  
Processing Unit ◽  
Central Processing ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Graphics Processing ◽  
Good Agreement

A new three-dimensional Navier–Stokes solver for flows in turbomachines has been developed. The new solver is based on the latest version of the Denton codes but has been implemented to run on graphics processing units (GPUs) instead of the traditional central processing unit. The change in processor enables an order-of-magnitude reduction in run-time due to the higher performance of the GPU. The scaling results for a 16 node GPU cluster are also presented, showing almost linear scaling for typical turbomachinery cases. For validation purposes, a test case consisting of a three-stage turbine with complete hub and casing leakage paths is described. Good agreement is obtained with previously published experimental results. The simulation runs in less than 10 min on a cluster with four GPUs.

Experimental study of fracture size effect on elastic-wave velocity dispersion and anisotropy

Geophysics ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. C49-C59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Da Shuai ◽  
Jianxin Wei ◽  
Bangrang Di ◽  
Sanyi Yuan ◽  
Jianyong Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Seismic Velocity ◽  
Effective Medium Theory ◽  
Transversely Isotropic ◽  
Elastic Wave Velocity ◽  
P Wave ◽  
S Wave ◽  
P Wave Velocity ◽  
Fracture Size ◽  
Good Agreement

We have designed transversely isotropic models containing penny-shaped rubber inclusions, with the crack diameters ranging from 2.5 to 6.2 mm to study the influence of fracture size on seismic velocity under controlled conditions. Three pairs of transducers with different frequencies (0.5, 0.25, and 0.1 MHz) are used for P- and S-wave ultrasonic sounding, respectively. The P-wave measurements indicate that the scattering effect is dominant when the waves propagate perpendicular to the fractures. Our experimental results demonstrate that when the wavelength-to-crack-diameter ratio ([Formula: see text]) is larger than 14, the P-wave velocity can be described predominantly by the effective medium theory. Although the ratio is larger than four, the S-wave velocity is close to the equivalent medium results. When [Formula: see text] < 14 or [Formula: see text] is < 4, the elastic velocity is dominated by scattering. The magnitudes of the Thomsen anisotropic parameters [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are scale and frequency dependent on the assumption that the transversely isotropic models are vertical transversely isotropic medium. Furthermore, we compare the experimental velocities with the Hudson theory. The results illustrate that there is a good agreement between the observed P-wave velocity and the Hudson theory when [Formula: see text] > 7 in the directions parallel and perpendicular to the fractures. For small fracture diameters, however, the P-wave velocity perpendicular to the fractures predicted from the Hudson theory is not accurate. When [Formula: see text] < 4, there is good agreement between the experimental fast S-wave velocity and the Hudson theory, whereas the experimental slow S-wave velocity diverges with the Hudson theory. When [Formula: see text] > 4, the deviation of fast and slow S-wave velocities with the Hudson prediction is stable.

An Accelerated 3D Navier-Stokes Solver for Flows in Turbomachines

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias Brandvik ◽  
Graham Pullan
Keyword(s):  
Graphics Processing Units ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Navier Stokes ◽  
Linear Scaling ◽  
Test Case ◽  
Processing Unit ◽  
Central Processing ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Graphics Processing ◽  
Good Agreement

A new three-dimensional Navier-Stokes solver for flows in turbomachines has been developed. The new solver is based on the latest version of the Denton codes, but has been implemented to run on Graphics Processing Units (GPUs) instead of the traditional Central Processing Unit (CPU). The change in processor enables an order-of-magnitude reduction in run-time due to the higher performance of the GPU. Scaling results for a 16 node GPU cluster are also presented, showing almost linear scaling for typical turbomachinery cases. For validation purposes, a test case consisting of a three-stage turbine with complete hub and casing leakage paths is described. Good agreement is obtained with previously published experimental results. The simulation runs in less than 10 minutes on a cluster with four GPUs.

scholarly journals A Framework to Establish Passengers' Satisfactory Key Indicators and Index in Speed Boat Ferry Service Operations

2016 ◽  
Vol 72 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Ombor Pereowei Garrick ◽  
Ombor Elizabeth Oshuare ◽  
Adumene Sidum
Keyword(s):  
Service Operations ◽  
Informed Decision ◽  
Test Case ◽  
Successful Operation ◽  
Satisfaction Index ◽  
Level Of Satisfaction ◽  
Dominant Design ◽  
Key Indicators ◽  
Good Agreement

This study provides a framework to holistically assess the level of passengers' satisfaction for a given ferry service based on the dominant Design/Operational, Passengers Care/Safety/Security and Environmental categorical factors that define the ferry service operations and influence passengers' satisfaction. A test case carried out for a ferry service offered by a boat operator in the Warri wharf yields a Passengers' Satisfaction Index of 3.84, indicating that the ferry service is in the range of dissatisfactory and moderately satisfactory, which is in good agreement with popular opinions that the service offered by that operator does not satisfy most of the passengers' expectations. The results of the test case proved that the framework reliably and realistically predicts the level of satisfaction the passengers derived from the various segments that define the service offered by a boat operator. This study will assist passengers make informed decision about the choice of operators to patronize. It will also guide operators and regulators to identify and improve those areas of the ferry service that are pertinent to the successful operation of the ferry business.

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