Formalization as a tool for environmental peacebuilding? Artisanal and small-scale mining in Liberia and Sierra Leone

2021 ◽  
Vol 97 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-55
Author(s):  
Christina Ankenbrand ◽  
Abrina Welter ◽  
Nina Engwicht
Keyword(s):  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Transformative Change ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Community Benefits ◽  
Sustainable Peace ◽  
Underlying Causes ◽  
Ethical Sourcing ◽  
The Ideal

Abstract Artisanal and small-scale mining (ASM) has long been a vital source of livelihoods for rural populations in the global South. Yet, it has also been linked to a host of social, political and environmental adversities, including violent conflict. As environmental peacebuilding increasingly stresses the importance of livelihood improvement as a means of fostering peace in conflict-affected extractive societies, ASM formalization has been identified as a solution to mitigate the sector's challenges, thereby addressing underlying causes of conflict. This article critically investigates the contribution of ASM formalization to sustainable peace by focusing on its impact on the livelihood dimension of peacebuilding. It analyses the livelihood impact of three formalization interventions in the diamond sectors of two countries: cooperatives in Liberia, and, in Sierra Leone, ethical sourcing schemes and a community-based natural resource management initiative. In line with calls for a paradigm shift from a narrow legalization-centred understanding of formalization to a broader approach that accounts for livelihood quality, the analysis presented here focuses on interventions that were informed by the ideal of improving the well-being of ASM workers and communities. We propose three pathways through which ASM formalization could potentially contribute to livelihood enhancement: income security, working conditions and community benefits. Based on fieldwork, this article highlights the challenges of generating livelihood improvements through formalization. Even when specifically designed to address the needs of ASM communities, during implementation, they risk prioritizing a narrow conceptualization of formalization and thus failing to become a conductor of transformative change.

Community-based dementia day programmes: Common elements and outcome measures

Dementia ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 297-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annie Weir ◽  
Christa Fouche
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Common Elements ◽  
Limited Evidence ◽  
Multiple Stakeholders ◽  
Specific Context ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Mixed Methods Approach ◽  
Core Elements

Dementia Day programmes are considered important in supporting the well-being of both people living with dementia and their caregivers. There is, however, limited evidence on the effectiveness of these programmes. This article reports on a study undertaken in New Zealand on the effectiveness of community-based dementia day programmes. The small-scale pilot study was aimed at investigating the elements that make up an effective client-focused dementia day programme and the methods employed by organisations to measure the outcomes of these programmes. A mixed methods approach was employed with multiple stakeholders. The research revealed that effective day programmes comprised five core elements, and that surveys, reporting and auditing processes are routinely used to measure the quality of outcomes of day programmes. Although these findings are reflective of a specific context, it raises concerns about the nature and availability of evidence informing decisions regarding the design and implementation of day programmes internationally.

E-Community-Based Tourism for Asia's Indigenous People

2007 ◽  
pp. 245-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger W. Harris ◽  
Doug Vogel ◽  
Lars H. Bestle
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Mass Tourism ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Good For ◽  
International Conventions

Indigenous peoples are good for national tourism development in Asia because they present an exotic image that helps to differentiate countries from each other. However, tourism is far from being good for indigenous peoples, as they are often excluded from the revenues that tourism generates and are subjected to the environmental degradation and cultural pollution that mass tourism inflicts upon them. information and communication technologies (ICTs) in the hands of such people can help alleviate some of this imbalance. By catering to the rising demand for authentic travel experiences that do not damage the environment, and in a manner that is under the control of the indigenous peoples themselves, ICTs empower local communities to operate small-scale tourism on their own terms. Once familiar with the ICTs, such people can go on to apply them to their special needs, in accordance with international conventions concerning the well-being of indigenous peoples.

DEVELOPMENT OF MATHEMATICS LEARNING PACKAGE WITH GEOGEBRA-ASSISTED SCIENTIFIC APPROACH FOR THE EIGHT GRADERS

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-87
Author(s):  
Sugian Nurwijaya
Keyword(s):  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Mathematics Learning ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Student Activity ◽  
Development Procedure ◽  
Scientific Approach ◽  
Distribution Phase ◽  
Implementation Plans ◽  
The Ideal

This is a research and developmentstudy with limited trials which aims to develop the Mathematics Learning Package by using a geogebra-assisted scientific approach in the eight grade of MTs Al-Junaidiyah Biru, Bone Regency. Such learning package includes student books, student activity sheets, learning implementation plans and learning outcomes test. The subjects of this study were twenty two students of class VIIIC MTs Al-Junaidiyah Biru Bone Regency. The development procedure used in this study is the Thiagarajan model or 4D model (Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate) which includes four phases, namely the limitation, the design, the development, and the small scale distribution phase. Learning packagewith geogebra-assisted scientific approach that had been developed have been validated by experts and have been revised so that results are feasible to use. The results of limited trials show that the learning package produced has been practical and effective. (4) skor rata-rata yang diperoleh siswa pada tes hasil belajar adalah 78,40 dari skor ideal 100 dengan standar deviasi 11,89. Dimana 19 dari 22 siswa atau 86,36% memenuhi ketuntasan individu yang menunjukkan bahwa ketuntasan klasikal tercapai.The results of data analysis are as follows: (1) teacher activities can guide groups to work and learneffectively; (2) students generally give the positive responses to the developed learning package; (3) mathematics learning package with geogebra-assisted scientific approach make students more active in the learning process; (4) the average score obtained by students on the learning outcomes test is 78.40 from the ideal score of 100 with a standard deviation of 11.89. Then, 19 of 22 students or 86.36% fulfilled individual completeness which shows that classical completeness was achieved

Social Capital and Sustainable Health Care: An Analysis of Community Based Palliative Care Model of Kerala

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Azeez. E.P
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Palliative Care ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Voluntary Organizations ◽  
Community Based ◽  
The Social ◽  
Palliative Care Units

Social Capital is the most crucial asset which significantly influence the efficacy and resilience of any community. Social capital is a dependent variable that depends upon the competence and coherence of the individuals in the community and mode of social relationships, trust and networks they maintain. It is one of the most sustainable social resources that originate from human relations and results on the mutual support of people. Utilization of Social capital has a wide applicability in the process of social inclusion, especially in dealing with the vulnerable and disadvantaged sections in the community itself. Voluntary organizations are very keen to utilize the social capital for community/social services and community development in a sustainable manner. Community based de-institutionalized Palliative Care is one of the foremost among such organizations that made social capital in a strategic way for social inclusion and community well being. This paper analyses the extent to which different elements of social capital helps in initiating the sustainable community based palliative care movement by assessing the unique intervention strategies carried out by the palliative care. This paper explores conceptual questions of how social capital and voluntary community based services are correlated. A case study method was adopted for the study in which ten palliative care units were analyzed. The results show that a number of social capital elements are playing a vital role in the sustainability of community palliative care movement in Kerala.

scholarly journals Mental health and wellbeing implications of the COVID-19 quarantine for disabled and disadvantaged children and young people: evidence from a cross-cultural study in Zambia and Sierra Leone

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Darren Sharpe ◽  
Mohsen Rajabi ◽  
Clement Chileshe ◽  
Sitali Mayamba Joseph ◽  
Ibrahim Sesay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Young People ◽  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Peer Relationships ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Mental Wellbeing ◽  
Planning Tool ◽  
Income Loss ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Children And Young People

Abstract Background The mental health impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and quarantining on children and young people (CYP) living in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) has yet to be fully comprehended. CYP in LMICs are at utmost risk, given the COVID-19-related restrictions and social distancing measures, resulting in reduced access to school-based services for nutritional and mental health needs. This study examined mental health of CYP during the first COVID-19 lockdown in Zambia and Sierra Leone. Method A total of 468 disabled and disadvantaged CYP aged 12 to 25 completed a planning tool that comprised the short Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale (SWEMWBS), as well as open-ended questions covering social connectedness, physical distancing and educational challenges during the lockdown. The community coaches screened individuals and families who could be eligible to receive emergency aid, and based on a convenience sample following distribution of aid, recipients were invited to complete the planning tool. Results The data showed that participants in the global south have increasing anxieties and fears centred on accessing offline educational resources and income loss in the family effecting food security and their ability to return to education. Mean (SD) SWEMWBS scores for all participants in Zambia and Sierra Leone, were 19.61 (3.45) and 21.65 (2.84), respectively. Mental well-being scores were lower in females, children aged 12–14 and participants with two or more disabilities. Factors significantly associated with poor mental wellbeing in the sample were: type of disability, nationality, peer relationships, connection to others during the pandemic, knowledge about COVID-19, worry about the long-term impact of COVID-19, and the types of self-isolating. Conclusion The study shows that participants who self-reported low levels of COVID-19 health literacy also scored low on the mental wellbeing self-assessment. Yet, despite undoubted limited resources, these CYP are doing well in identifying their needs and maintaining hope in the face of the problems associated with COVID-19 in countries where stigma persists around mental ill-health.

scholarly journals A Men’s Survey: Exploring Well-Being, Healthy Relationships and Violence Prevention

2021 ◽  
pp. 106082652110188
Author(s):  
Liza Lorenzetti ◽  
Vic Lantion ◽  
David C. Este ◽  
Percy Murwisi ◽  
Jeff Halvorsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Violence Prevention ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cultural Groups ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Healthy Relationships ◽  
Community Based Research ◽  
On Line ◽  
Multiple Challenges ◽  
Research Assistants ◽  
African Canadian

The participation of men is critical to preventing domestic violence, however, there is still little understanding of the capacities and supports that men need for well-being and healthy relationships. A men’s survey was designed to explore and identify the capacities and resources required by a diverse population of Canadian men. Data was collected on-line and through trained community-based research assistants. Over 2,000 men from 20 ethno-cultural groups responded, and multiple challenges and enablers were identified. Responses from Indigenous and African Canadian men highlight the need for an intersectional lens in understanding men’s well-being and violence prevention.

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