Investigating fecundity and egg loss using a non-invasive method during brooding in European lobster (Homarus gammarus)

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 (6) ◽  
pp. 1871-1881 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew T Coleman ◽  
Joanne S Porter ◽  
Michael C Bell
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Homarus Americanus ◽  
European Lobster ◽  
Homarus Gammarus ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Brooding Period ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
Depth Gauge

Abstract This article examines two important components of measurement of fecundity in the European lobster Homarus gammarus: (i) comparing the traditional gravimetric dry weight fecundity method against two non-invasive depth gauge methods initially developed for Homarus americanus and (ii) utilizing the depth gauge method to determine egg loss during the brooding period and its impacts on effective fecundity estimates. No significant difference was observed between fecundity estimates derived using either the traditional or depth gauge methods. Derived fecundity estimates from the two depth gauge methods differed by −0.31% (±2.7 s.e.) for cylinder and −1.1% (±2.4 s.e.) for ellipsoid fecundity estimates compared with the traditional method. This highlights the utility of the depth gauge method for providing fast, reliable and low-cost estimates without sacrificing lobsters or their egg masses. Egg loss is estimated to be as high as 44% from initial extrusion to hatching. The application of the non-invasive methods for estimating fecundity to other fisheries and stocks is discussed along with the importance of understanding egg loss in this commercially valuable fishery.

scholarly journals In-Vehicle Alcohol Detection Using Low-Cost Sensors and Genetic Algorithms to Aid in the Drinking and Driving Detection

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (22) ◽  
pp. 7752
Author(s):  
Jose M. Celaya-Padilla ◽  
Jonathan S. Romero-González ◽  
Carlos E. Galvan-Tejada ◽  
Jorge I. Galvan-Tejada ◽  
Huizilopoztli Luna-García ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Child Death ◽  
Classification Model ◽  
Selection Strategy ◽  
Drinking And Driving ◽  
Forward Selection ◽  
Vehicle Accidents ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Invasive Method

Worldwide, motor vehicle accidents are one of the leading causes of death, with alcohol-related accidents playing a significant role, particularly in child death. Aiming to aid in the prevention of this type of accidents, a novel non-invasive method capable of detecting the presence of alcohol inside a motor vehicle is presented. The proposed methodology uses a series of low-cost alcohol MQ3 sensors located inside the vehicle, whose signals are stored, standardized, time-adjusted, and transformed into 5 s window samples. Statistical features are extracted from each sample and a feature selection strategy is carried out using a genetic algorithm, and a forward selection and backwards elimination methodology. The four features derived from this process were used to construct an SVM classification model that detects presence of alcohol. The experiments yielded 7200 samples, 80% of which were used to train the model. The rest were used to evaluate the performance of the model, which obtained an area under the ROC curve of 0.98 and a sensitivity of 0.979. These results suggest that the proposed methodology can be used to detect the presence of alcohol and enforce prevention actions.

scholarly journals Evaluation of textural-based radiomics features for differentiation of COVID-19 pneumonia from non-COVID pneumonia

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunus Soleymani ◽  
Amir Reza Jahanshahi ◽  
Maryam Hefzi ◽  
Mona Fazel Ghaziani ◽  
Amin Pourfarshid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
False Positive Rate ◽  
Texture Features ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Ct Images ◽  
Chest Ct ◽  
Textural Features ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Positive Rate ◽  
Invasive Method

Abstract Background The false-positive rate of computed tomography (CT) images in the diagnosis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a challenge for the management in the pandemic. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the textural radiomics features on chest CT images of COVID-19 pneumonia patients and compare them with those of non-COVID pneumonia. This is a retrospective study. Some textural radiomics features were extracted from the CT images of 66 patients with COVID-19 pneumonia and 40 with non-COVID pneumonia. For radiomics analysis, the regions of interest (ROIs) were manually identified inside the pulmonary ground-glass opacities. For each ROI, 12 textural features were obtained and, then, statistical analysis was performed to assess the differences in these features between the two study groups. Results 8 of the 12 texture features demonstrated a significant difference (P < 0.05) in two groups, with COVID-19 pneumonia lesions tending to be more heterogeneous in comparison with the non-COVID cases. Among the 8 significant features, only two (homogeneity and energy) were found to be higher in non-COVID cases. Conclusions Textural radiomics features can be used for differentiating COVID-19 pneumonia from non-COVID pneumonia, as a non-invasive method, and help with better prognosis and diagnosis of COVID-19 patients.

scholarly journals Development a low-cost electrical impedance tomography system for non-invasively detecting abnormal in breast tissue - Phantom study-

10.29007/x6vj ◽  
2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minh Quan Cao Dinh ◽  
Quoc Tuan Nguyen Diep ◽  
Hoang Nhut Huynh ◽  
Ngoc An Dang Nguyen ◽  
Anh Tu Tran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Impedance Tomography ◽  
Electrical Impedance ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Impedance Tomography ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Tomography System ◽  
Tissue Phantom ◽  
Cost System ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
Breast Tissues

Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT) is known as non-invasive method to detect and classify the abnormal breast tissues. Reimaging conductivity distribution within an area of the subject reveal abnormal tissues inside that area. In this work, we have created a very low-cost system with a simple 16-electrode phantom for doing research purposes. The EIT data were measured and reconstructed with EIDORS software.

scholarly journals Bovine Breeds Identification by Trichological Analysis

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 761 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felix ◽  
Soares Fioravanti ◽  
Cassandro ◽  
Tormen ◽  
Quadros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microsatellite Markers ◽  
Genetic Characterization ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cattle Breed ◽  
Statistical Analyses ◽  
Genetic Analyses ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Morphometric Analyses ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
Morphology And Morphometry

This study aimed to identify bovine breeds through trichological morphology and morphometry and to validate this technique by comparing it with genetic characterization. Animals from Caracu, Curraleiro Pé-Duro, Nelore, and Bovino Pantaneiro breeds were studied. Morphological and morphometric analyses of the guard hairs were performed. The cuticular pattern was observed on the shaft and the medulla pattern on the shield of the samples. The cattle genetic characterization was accomplished using microsatellite markers. Statistical analyses were performed using R version 3.2.4 software. Pearson’s correlation test showed a high positive and significant correlation between the matrices generated by trichological and genetic analyses (r = 0,996 and p < 0.001). Trichological analysis is a useful method for cattle breed identification. Its potential for identifying other species of interest for animal production should be studied since it is a simple, low-cost, and non-invasive method.

scholarly journals Deformities in larvae and juvenile European lobster (<i>Homarus gammarus</i>) exposed to lower pH at two different temperatures

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 7883-7895 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.-L. Agnalt ◽  
E. S. Grefsrud ◽  
E. Farestveit ◽  
M. Larsen ◽  
F. Keulder
Keyword(s):  
Ocean Acidification ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
High Pco2 ◽  
Ambient Water ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Larval Phase ◽  
European Lobster ◽  
Homarus Gammarus ◽  
Pco2 Treatment

Abstract. The ongoing warming and acidification of the world's oceans are expected to influence the marine ecosystems, including benthic marine resources. Ocean acidification may especially have an impact on calcifying organisms, and the European lobster (Homarus gammarus) is among those species at risk. A project was initiated in 2011 aiming to investigate long-term effects of ocean acidification on the early life-cycle of lobster under two temperatures. Larvae were exposed to pCO2 levels of ambient water (water intake at 90 m depth), medium 750 (pH = 7.79) and high 1200 μatm pCO2 (pH = 7.62) at temperatures 10 and 18 °C. The water parameters in ambient water did not stay stable and were very low towards the end of the experiment in the larval phase at 10 °C,with pH between 7.83 and 7.90. At 18°, pH in ambient treatment was even lower, between 7.76 and 7.83, i.e. close to medium pCO2 treatment. Long-term exposure lasted 5 months. At 18 °C the development from stage 1 to 4 lasted 14 to 16 days, as predicted under optimal water conditions. Growth was very slow at 10 °C and resulted in three larvae reaching stage 4 in high pCO2 treatment only. There were no clear effects of pCO2 treatment, on either carapace length or dry weight. However, deformities were observed in both larvae and juveniles. The proportion of larvae with deformities increased with increasing pCO2 exposure, independent of temperature. In the medium treatment about 23% were deformed, and in the high treatment about 43% were deformed. None of the larvae exposed to water of pH >7.9 developed deformities. Curled carapace was the most common deformity found in larvae raised in medium pCO2 treatment, irrespective of temperature, but damages in the tail fan occurred in addition to a bent rostrum. Curled carapace was the only deformity found in high pCO2 treatment at both temperatures. Occurrence of deformities after five months of exposure was 33 and 44% in juveniles raised in ambient and low pCO2 levels, respectively, and 21% in juveniles exposed to high pCO2. Deformed claws were most often found in ambient and medium treatment (56%, followed by stiff/twisted walking legs (39%) and puffy carapace (39%). In comparison, at high pCO2 levels 71% of the deformed juveniles had developed a puffy carapace. Overall, about half of the deformed juveniles from the ambient and medium pCO2 treatment displayed two or three different abnormalities; 70% had multiple deformities in the high pCO2 treatment. Some of the deformities in the juveniles may affect respiration (carapace), the ability to find food, or sexual partners (walking legs, claw and antenna), and ability to swim (tail-fan damages).

scholarly journals Recorded captures of American lobster (Homarus americanus) in Swedish waters and an observation of predation on the European lobster (Homarus gammarus)

2017 ◽  
Vol 74 (10) ◽  
pp. 1503-1506 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vidar Øresland ◽  
Mats Ulmestrand ◽  
Ann-Lisbeth Agnalt ◽  
Gert Oxby
Keyword(s):  
Native Species ◽  
Homarus Americanus ◽  
American Lobster ◽  
Swedish West Coast ◽  
Marine Research ◽  
European Lobster ◽  
Homarus Gammarus ◽  
Genetic Sampling ◽  
Identification Measurements ◽  
First Time

The intentional or unintentional release of American lobsters (Homarus americanus), imported through the European seafood trade, has resulted in findings of H. americanus in European waters. A total of 36 specimens was recorded within a smaller area, halfway along the Swedish west coast, between 2008 and 2016. The lobsters were caught by both recreational and professional fishermen and delivered to the Institute of Marine Research in Lysekil, where species identification, measurements, and genetic sampling were performed. Twenty-five of these lobsters were caught inside the sill of the Gullmar Fjord, most of them close to Lysekil harbor, where escapes from an illegal holding is suspected. Six females had eggs, which in two cases were hybrids. While there is no evidence to suggest that a population has been established in the Gullmar Fjord or elsewhere in Swedish waters, serious concerns must be raised regarding the possible consequences for the native species. An American lobster has for the first time been filmed eating a killed European lobster (Homarus gammarus) in Swedish waters.

scholarly journals Deformities in larvae and juvenile European lobster (<i>Homarus gammarus</i>) exposed to lower pH at two different temperatures

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 7579-7615 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.-L. Agnalt ◽  
E. S. Grefsrud ◽  
E. Farestveit ◽  
M. Larsen ◽  
F. Keulder
Keyword(s):  
Ocean Acidification ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
High Pco2 ◽  
Ambient Water ◽  
European Lobster ◽  
Homarus Gammarus ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Stage 1

Abstract. Trends of increasing temperatures and ocean acidification are expected to influence benthic marine resources, especially calcifying organisms. The European lobster (Homarus gammarus) is among those species at risk. A project was initiated in 2011 aiming to investigate long-term synergistic effects of temperature and projected increases in ocean acidification on the life cycle of lobster. Larvae were exposed to pCO2 levels of ambient water (water intake at 90 m depth, tentatively of 380 μatm pCO2), 727 and 1217 μatm pCO2, at temperatures 10 and 18 °C. Long-term exposure lasted until 5 months of age. Thereafter the surviving juveniles were transferred to ambient water at 14 °C. At 18 °C the development from Stage 1 to 4 lasted from 14 to 16 days, as predicted under normal pH values. Growth was very slow at 10 °C and resulted in only two larvae reaching Stage 4 in the ambient treatment. There were no significant differences in carapace length at the various larval stages between the different treatments, but there were differences in total length and dry weight at Stage 1 at 10 °C, Stage 2 at both temperatures, producing larvae slightly larger in size and lighter by dry weight in the exposed treatments. Stage 3 larvae raised in 18 °C and 1217 μatm pCO2 were also larger in size and heavier by dry weight compared with 727 μatm. Unfortunate circumstances precluded a full comparison across stages and treatment. Deformities were however observed in both larvae and juveniles. At 10 °C, about 20% of the larvae exposed to elevated pCO2were deformed, compared with 0% in larvae raised in pH above 8.0. At 18 °C and in high pCO2 treatment, 31.5% of the larvae were deformed. Occurrence of deformities after 5 months of exposure was 33 and 44% in juveniles raised in ambient and low pCO2, respectively, and 20% in juveniles exposed to high pCO2. Some of the deformities will possibly affect the ability to find food, sexual partner (walking legs, claw and antenna), respiration (carapace), and ability to swim (tail-fan damages).

scholarly journals Occurrence of metabolic risk in schoolchildren using a noninvasive indicator: waist and height ratio

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 252-257
Author(s):  
Arieli Fernandes Dias ◽  
Caroline Brand ◽  
Vanilson Batista Lemes ◽  
Adroaldo Cezar Araujo Gaya ◽  
Anelise Reis Gaya
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Waist To Height Ratio ◽  
The City

Introduction: Metabolic disorders in childhood and adolescence have been increasing considerably. Thus, the importance of performing an early diagnosis is emphasized. Objective: To analyse the occurrence of metabolic risk using a non-invasive marker in schoolchildren. Methods: This is a descriptive study with a quantitative approach, with random sample of 174 schoolchildren (70 boys and 104 girls) from 10 state high schools in the city of Passo Fundo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The height (cm) was verified according to the procedures of the Brazilian Sport Project and the waist circumference (cm) was measured with a flexible and inelastic tape measure. From this the waist-to-height ratio was calculated, which takes into account the proportion of abdominal fat by the individual’s height, considering the cut-off point of Ashwell & Hsieh. For data analysis we used descriptive and chi-square statistics. Results: The metabolic risk of schoolchildren was 13.8%, when stratified by sex, the occurrences were 11.4% for males and 15.4% for females, but there was no significant difference between the sexes (X2= 0.54; p= 0.45). Conclusion: The use of non-invasive markers for the diagnosis of metabolic risk indicated a high occurrence of it in schoolchildren, with the girls presenting a higher risk. The use of this method is important because it allows the evaluation of a greater number of schoolchildren and the early identification of health risk. In addition to being a low-cost, easy-to-apply method.

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