Leaching of Pewterware by Organic Acids

1977 ◽  
Vol 60 (6) ◽  
pp. 1408-1413
Author(s):  
John H Gould
Keyword(s):  
Organic Acids ◽  
Tartaric Acid ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Leach Solution ◽  
The Other ◽  
Acid Solutions ◽  
Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Acid Leach ◽  
Mineral Acids ◽  
Tartaric Acid Solution

Abstract Three pewter goblets were repeatedly leached by acetic, citric, lactic, malonic, and tartaric acid solutions. The leach solutions were periodically analyzed for Pb, Cd, Cu, Bi, Sb, and Sn by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Analysis of the leach solutions showed that, without the addition of nitric or perchloric acid to the acetic and malonic acid leach solutions, Pb precipitated from the solutions on standing. Addition of the mineral acids redissolved the precipitate. Pb, Cd, and Bi were found in higher concentrations in the leach solution than in the metal; Cu and Sb were less concentrated in the leach, while the amount of Sn was approximately equal in both. Tartaric acid solution dissolved about 9 times as much metal from the pewter as the other organic acids but removed less Pb than acetic or malonic acids. None of these samples tested exceeded the Food and Drug Administration standards for Pb or Cd release.

Spectrophotometric investigation of sensitive complexing agents for the determination of zinc in serum.

1985 ◽  
Vol 31 (8) ◽  
pp. 1310-1313 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Homsher ◽  
B Zak
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metal ◽  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Serum Zinc ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Molar Absorptivity ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
The Other ◽  
Complexing Agents ◽  
Absorption Spectrophotometry

Abstract Of two sensitive complexometric reagents for the colorimetry of serum zinc that we investigated, one, 2-(5-bromo-2-pyridylazo)-5-diethylaminophenol (Br-PADAP), was found to be a potentially useful compound for trace-metal determinations. It has a high molar absorptivity (120 000 L mol-1 cm-1) but is not convenient to use because it is not very soluble in water. The other reagent, a related pyridylazo compound, is 2-(5-bromo-2-pyridylazo)-5-(N-n-propyl-N-3-sulfopropylamino)phenol (5-BR-PAPS). It seems better suited for use in routine zinc determinations because, besides being water soluble, it has a higher molar absorptivity, 130 000 L mol-1 cm-1. Results by the proposed method developed with 5-Br-PAPS correlated well with those by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The between-run CV for control sera was less than 5%; the within-run CV (same controls) was less than 4%.

The Determination of Arsenic, Lead, Nickel, and Zinc in Copper by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry

1970 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 367-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce Gandrud ◽  
John C. Marshall
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Acid Solutions ◽  
Copper Metal ◽  
Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Determination Of Nickel ◽  
Limited Applicability ◽  
Lead Nickel ◽  
Concentration Limits

Atomic absorption spectrophotometry has been critically evaluated as a method for the determination of traces of arsenic, lead, nickel, and zinc in copper. With careful matrix compensation, reliable (±5%–6%) results were obtained down to lower concentration limits of 0.025% for arsenic, 0.002% for lead, 0.003% for nickel, and 0.002% for zinc. Copper was found to interfere strongly with the determination of nickel in dilute nitric acid solutions. The use of the nitrous oxide—acetylene flame was found mandatory for the determination of arsenic. This work suggests at least limited applicability of atomic absorption to the problem of tracing the origin of ancient copper metal by impurity patterns.

scholarly journals Influence des teneurs en acide malique des moûts sur le dosage de l'acide tartrique par analyse en flux continu par colorimétrie avec le métavanadate

OENO One ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 249
Author(s):  
J. Trossais ◽  
Christian Asselin
Keyword(s):  
Organic Acids ◽  
Tartaric Acid ◽  
Malic Acid ◽  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Colorimetric Method ◽  
The Other ◽  
Flow Method ◽  
Continous Flow ◽  
Continuous Flow Method ◽  
Acid Determination

<p style="text-align: justify;">Les auteurs ont constaté que la méthode en flux continu, qu'ils utilisent pour doser l'acide tartrique dans les moûts et les vins basée sur la réaction colorée avec le métavanadate et dérivée de la méthode rapide de BLOUIN-VIDAL ne donne pas satisfaction, Ils constatent des écarts inférieurs à 20 p. 100 par rapport à la méthode de REBELEIN qui repose sur le même principe. Ces écarts sont dûs à l'interférence des autres acides organiques du moût et du vin, notamment l'acide malique, interférence corrigée dans la méthode de REBELEIN. La comparaison des trois méthodes précitées les conduit à proposer pour la méthode en flux continu l'application d'un facteur correctif pour tenir compte de la présence de l'acide malique en concentration importante dans les moûts du Val de Loire.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">+++</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The authors noted that the continuous flow method based on the colorimetric method with metavanadate, derived from the method of BLOUIN-VIDAL, for the tartaric acid determination was not satisfactory. They noted variations, by 20 p. 100 lower, compared with the method of REBELEIN based on the same principe. These variations are due to the interference with the other organic acids of musts and wines, especially malic acid, which is limited in the method of REBELEIN. The comparison of the three methods induce the authors to propose for the continous flow method the utilisation of a factor to correct for the presence of malic acid at large concentration in the musts of Val de Loire.</p>

Jatropha integerrima, Duranta erecta and Hibiscus rosa-sinensis as Potential Lead Absorbent from Polluted Air in Dense Traffic Area

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 95-100
Author(s):  
Y.A. Mastuti ◽  
F. Rachmadiarti
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
The Other ◽  
Lead Content ◽  
Herbaceous Plants ◽  
Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Leaf Chlorophyll ◽  
Hibiscus Rosa Sinensis ◽  
Traffic Area ◽  
Pb Accumulation

Lead (Pb) is one of the contaminants found in polluted air, especially in the area with dense traffic. Herbaceous plants are potentially used to reduce the Pb content in the polluted air. This study was designed to evaluate the potential of several plants, such as Jatropha integerrima, Duranta erecta and Hibiscus rosa-sinensis, as Pb absorbents from polluted air based on Pb accumulation and chlorophyll levels. The lead content was measured using atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS), while the chlorophyll content was tested using spectrophotometers at wavelengths of 649 nm and 665 nm. Results showed that the three plant species had potential as Pb absorbents from the air. The highest lead content was found from J. integerrima at 1.293 mg/kg, followed by H. rosa-sinensis at 1.232 mg/kg and D. erecta at 0.840 mg/kg. On the other hand, the highest level of leaf chlorophyll content was H. rosa-sinensis at 16.116 mg/kg, followed by D. erecta L. at 12.594 mg/kg and J. integerrima Jacq. of 10.297 mg/kg. No correlation was found between the Pb level and chlorophyll content of the three plants. It can be concluded that the three herbaceous plants have potential as Pb absorbents in the polluted air.

Copper, zinc, magnesium, and calcium in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid of patients with neurological diseases.

1977 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 485-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
J D Bogden ◽  
R A Troiano ◽  
M M Joselow
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
The Other ◽  
Plasma Zinc ◽  
Or Management ◽  
Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Plasma Copper ◽  
Copper Zinc

Abstract We investigated whether information on concentrations of some trace-mental concentrations in blood plasma or cerebrospinal fluid, or both, could be of value in diagnosis or management of various neurological diseases, and whether concentrations in plasma could serve as a means of estimating the protein or metal concentrations in cerebropsinal fluid. Samples of both from 82 patients were analyzed for copper, zinc, magnesium, and calcium by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Protein concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid were also determined. Metal and protein concentrations in plasma and in cerebrospinal fluid were not strongly enough correlated to permit the estimation of one from the other. However, the correlation coefficients between calcium in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (r = 0.41), magnesium and protein in cerebrospinal fluid (r = 0.40), magnesium in plasma and calcium in cerebrospinal fluid (r = 0.36), and magnesium and calcium in cerebrospinal fluid (r = 0.66) were statistically significant (P less than .01). Patients with cerebral infarctions had abnormally high copper concentrations in their plasma and cerebrospinal fluid. The ratio of plasma copper to plasma zinc was also significantly higher in cases of cerebral infarction.

Monitoring of Heavy Metals in the Water and Sediments of the Ganga River, India

1987 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 107-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Ajmal ◽  
Mujahid A. Khan ◽  
Azhar A. Nomani
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
The Other ◽  
Sampling Station ◽  
Ganges River ◽  
Cobalt Chromium ◽  
Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Lead And Zinc ◽  
Iron Manganese ◽  
The Ganges ◽  
Nickel Lead

The concentrations of cadmium, cobalt, chromium, copper, iron, manganese, nickel, lead and zinc in the water and sediments of the Ganges river were determine by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry in the year 1981. The respective ranges of concentrations of cadmium, cobalt, chromium, copper, iron, manganese, nickel, lead and zinc found in the water were ND-0.53, ND-4.89, 3.20–56.6, ND-27.57, 22.0–133.8, 35.0–93.0, ND-2.22, 2.0–5.6 and 7.37–67.36 µgl−1 and in the sediments were ND-3.48, 2.35–14.4, 9.0–83.16, 11.27–95.0, 2168.0–11624.8, 110.5–470.0, 3.45–28.80, 0.55–21.8 and 72.0–418.6 µgg−1. The data showed that there was considerable variation in the elements from one sampling station to the other. The sediments collected from different sampling stations were also analysed for pH, calcium carbonate, organic matter, potassium and phosphorus.

scholarly journals Organic acids to eliminate interference by phosphorus in the analysis of silicon by molecular absorption

2017 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 8183-8189
Author(s):  
Enrique M Combatt Caballero ◽  
Daniel Palacio Badel ◽  
Manuel Palencia Luna
Keyword(s):  
Software Development ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Tartaric Acid ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Molecular Absorption ◽  
R Software ◽  
Chemical Interference ◽  
Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Agricultural Sciences

One of the problems for quantifying the amount of silicon available by molecular absorption is the elimination of chemical interference caused by available phosphorus. The aim of this work was to evaluate different organic acids in eliminating the interference caused by phosphorus in the quantification of available silicon by molecular absorption. The experiments were conducted in the Soil laboratory of the College of Agricultural Sciences at the Universidad de Córdoba, Colombia. For this work, different acids such as tartaric, citric, oxalic and malic were evaluated at two concentrations (0.8 and 1.33 mol L-1). Solutions containing silicon (1 mg L-1) and six concentrations of phosphorus were prepared (0.0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 and 1.0 mg L-1). The quantification of silicon was conducted by molecular absorption spectrophotometry using a Perkin Elmer Lambda XLS + at 660 nm. The results were subjected to the LSD tests and contrasts using the R software (Development Core Team, version 3.2.2).The results indicated that the oxalic, citric and malic acids at both concentrations produced lower overestimation of silicon in the presence of the P concentrations 0.6, 0.8 and 1.0 mgL-1 than the tartaric acid, which is commonly used as a reference to remove the P interference.

scholarly journals Manganese, nickel and strontium bioaccumulation in the tissues of the African sharptooth catfish, Clarias gariepinus from the Olifants River, Kruger National Park

Koedoe ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Annemarie Avenant-Oldewage ◽  
Hazel Marx
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Kruger National Park ◽  
The Other ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Bioconcentration Factors ◽  
Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Olifants River ◽  
African Sharptooth Catfish

The gills, liver, muscle and skin were collected from Clarias gariepinus, during four surveys (February, May, June and November) in 1994 from two sites on the Olifants River in the Kruger National Park. With the use of atomic absorption spectrophotometry, metal concentrations of manganese, nickel and strontium bioaccumulated in these tissues were determined. This information was then used to differentiate between the concentrations found at the two locations and between the four survey periods. The con- centration of the metals were found to be highest in the gills, followed by the liver. This suggests the gills to be the primary uptake tissue for these metals following their intimate blood-water contact. The concentration of manganese and strontium, with particular reference to the gills, showed highest bioaccumulation at Mamba. Very little differences in the nickel concentrations were found at both Mamba and Balule. Water bioconcentration factors for manganese and nickel were much higher than that noted for sediment, suggesting a much lower bioavailability of these metals from the sediment. On the other hand, sediment bioconcentration factors for strontium were generally higher than that for water, which could imply higher bioavailability and concentration from the sediment.

Analysis of Lead Heavy Metal (Pb) Contamination on Matte Lipstick Preparations for Sale in Banda Aceh City Aceh Market

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rizki Andalia ◽  
Mulia Aria Suzanni ◽  
Rini Rini
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
The Body ◽  
Permissible Limit ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Pb Contamination ◽  
Body Organ ◽  
Banda Aceh

Lipstick or lip dye is a cosmetic dose that serves to coloring, decorative the lips, as a moisturizing material and protect the lips from exposure the sun to provide optimum results. Lipstick should not contain chemicals such as lead (Pb) because the Pb is a heavy metal that is very dangerous when continuously used on the skin, because it will be absorbed into the blood and attack the body organ causing the onset of disease. According to BPOM that the lead rate on the lipstick does not exceed the permissible limit of 20 mg/kg or 20 ppm.This research aims to know the levels contained in the samples are 4 brands of matte lipstick that are sold in the Aceh market in Banda Aceh City with the method of atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS). The results showed that on the 4 brands of lipstick matte contain heavy metal lead (Pb) with a rate still qualified allowed by BPOM  is samples A, B, C, and D, respectively at 0.24 ppm; 0.10 ppm; 2.87 ppm and 1.32 ppm, so that the 4 brands of lipstick matte are still used.

Analisis Kandungan Mikroba, Formalin, dan Timbal (Pb) pada Tahu Sumedang yang Dijual Di Daerah Macet Cicurug, Ciawi, dan Cisarua Jawa Barat

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 087
Author(s):  
Rosy Hutami ◽  
M Fakih Kurniawan ◽  
Henna Khoerunnisa
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Microbial Contamination ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Traffic Jam ◽  
Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Traffic Jams ◽  
Total Plate Count ◽  
Microbial Analysis ◽  
Aas Method

Sumedang tofu is one of favorite foods for Indonesian society. But many sellers or producers are not aware to the food safety of sumedang tofu. The aims of this study were to analyze the microbial, formalin, and lead (Pb) contents in ready-to-eat sumedang tofu which were sold in traffic jams area in Cicurug, Ciawi, and Cisarua. The analysis were carried out by Total Plate Count (TPC) testing for microbial analysis, potassium permanganate reaction (KMnO4) testing for formaldehyde analysis, and atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS) method for lead content analysis in the samples. The results obtained for the microbial analysis were sumedang tofu that were sold in the traffic jam areas of Cicurug, Ciawi, and Cisarua contained contaminant above the treshold (1.4 x 105 colonies / gram to 2.2 x 105 colonies / gram of microbes). All of the samples of sumedang tofu were positive containing formaldehyde. Otherwise, there were no lead (Pb) content in all samples regarding to AAS analysis. This study concluded that the ready-to-eat sumedang tofu those were sold in traffic jam area in the Cicurug, Ciawi, and Cisarua were not suitable for consumption because it contained exceed microbial contamination and formalin which are harmful for human health.Keywords : formalin, microbes, sumedang tofu, lead, traffic jam

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