Nutrient Overages and Methodology Trends

1982 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 1495-1499
Author(s):  
David L Mays
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Infant Formula ◽  
Laboratory Testing ◽  
Nutrient Composition ◽  
Testing Methods ◽  
Current Testing ◽  
Nutrient Levels ◽  
Analytical Technology

Abstract Because infant formula provides the sole dietary intake for many infants, it is important that the nutrient composition be carefully controlled. Establishing nutrient levels depends on laboratory testing. Current testing methods have certain limitations, some of which can be overcome by modern trends in analytical technology.

Levels of Bisphenol A in Canned Liquid Infant Formula Products in Canada and Dietary Intake Estimates

2008 ◽  
Vol 56 (17) ◽  
pp. 7919-7924 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xu-Liang Cao ◽  
Guy Dufresne ◽  
Stephane Belisle ◽  
Genevieve Clement ◽  
Mirka Falicki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Infant Formula

Digital Microfluidic Platform for 3-D Tissue Based High Throughput Screening

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Subin M. George ◽  
Hyejin Moon
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
High Throughput Screening ◽  
Laboratory Testing ◽  
Final Approval ◽  
Testing Methods ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Tissue Constructs ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Digital Microfluidic

Pharmaceutical drug development requires exhaustive testing of potential drugs in before animal and human clinical trials. Only one in ten drugs entering clinical trials receive the final approval. Most drugs fail in later stages due to lack of efficacy or toxicity which are discovered later on, after having cleared in vitro trials [1]. This highlights the need for improved laboratory testing methods to screen out failure candidates. It should be noted that 3-dimensional (3D) tissue constructs provide a better environment to mimic physiological processes as compared to conventional 2-dimensional (2D) cell based testing systems [2]

Effect of Formula Type and Preparation on International Dysphagia Diet Standardisation Initiative Thickness Level and Milk Flow Rates From Bottle Teats

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 260-265
Author(s):  
Britt F. Pados ◽  
Victoria Feaster
Keyword(s):  
Gastroesophageal Reflux ◽  
Infant Formula ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Infant Formulas ◽  
Testing Methods ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Milk Flow ◽  
Thin Liquids ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Formula Type

Purpose The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of infant formula type and preparation (i.e., ready-to-feed vs. powder) on International Dysphagia Diet Standardisation Initiative (IDDSI) thickness level and milk flow rates from bottle teats/nipples. Method The ready-to-feed and powder formulations of the following products were tested for IDDSI thickness level, using IDDSI guidelines, and for milk flow rate, using established flow testing methods: Similac Advance, Similac For Spit-Up, Enfamil Infant, and Enfamil A.R. Analysis of variance was used to compare flow rates among formula types/preparations. Results Enfamil A.R. ready-to-feed was classified as IDDSI “slightly thick.” All other formula types/preparations were found to be IDDSI “thin” liquids. The standard infant formulas (Similac Advance and Enfamil Infant) had comparable flow rates to each other, regardless of preparation (ready-to-feed and powder). The gastroesophageal reflux–specific formulas (Similac For Spit-Up and Enfamil A.R.) had slower flow rates than the standard formulas; within this category, there were significant differences in flow rates between ready-to-feed and powder. Enfamil A.R. powder had the slowest flow rate, but was the most variable. Conclusion For infants with difficulty coordinating sucking, swallowing, and breathing, clinicians and parents should consider the impact that changes to infant formula type and preparation may have on the infant's ability to safely feed.

Laboratory Testing of Prosthetic Heart Valves

1987 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Reul ◽  
M Giersiepen ◽  
E Knott
Keyword(s):  
Steady Flow ◽  
Pulsatile Flow ◽  
Laboratory Testing ◽  
Heart Valves ◽  
Fatigue Testing ◽  
Comparative Test ◽  
Prosthetic Heart Valves ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Testing Methods

A whole range of laboratory testing methods for prosthetic heart valves, such as steady flow testing, pulsatile flow testing, and fatigue testing, are presented. Comparative test results for various valve types are given and relative valve performance is discussed.

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