scholarly journals PSVI-10 Mint oil, yeast cell, and ɣ-tocopherol supplementation in gestation and lactation diets on the antioxidant status of the sow and offspring performance during the suckling period

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 194-195
Author(s):  
Lily P Hernandez ◽  
James L Dunn ◽  
Joel Wenninghoff ◽  
Crystal L Levesque
Keyword(s):  
Yeast Cell ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Maternal Diet ◽  
Offspring Performance ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Minimal Impact ◽  
Suckling Piglet ◽  
Piglet Growth ◽  
And Control

Abstract Times of high metabolic activity can lead to increased incidence of oxidative stress in gestating and lactating sows which may impact suckling piglet performance. Identifying products that could help alleviate this stress would be beneficial. A study assessed yeast cell, mint oil, and ɣ-tocopherol supplementation in gestation and lactation diets on sow antioxidant status and offspring performance to weaning. A total of 53 sows and gilts (206.2 ± 35.3 kg at breeding) were assigned to one of 4 diet regimens: Control (CON), control + yeast cell at 0.15% (YC), control + mint oil at 10 ppm (MO), and control + ɣ-tocopherol at 200 ppm (GT). Diets were provided from breeding through weaning (lactation day 21 ± 2). Control diets were formulated to meet nutrient requirements in gestation (3279 kcal ME/kg, 0.63% SID Lys) and lactation (3279 kcal ME/kg, 1.06% SID Lys). Yeast cell, mint oil and ɣ-tocopherol were added as a top dress once daily. Sow variables evaluated were weight at beginning and end of each period, feed intake, litter characteristics at birth, and antioxidant status in serum, colostrum and milk. Piglet growth during suckling was determined. Data were analyzed as randomized complete block and Tukey’s adjustment as means separation test. Maternal diet had minimal impact on gestation or lactation feed intake or sow body weight. There was no effect on litter size or piglet birth weight. Piglets from GT-fed sows tended to be heavier at weaning than YC piglets due to differences in daily gain. Glutathione content in colostrum and d14 milk samples did not differ by maternal treatment. D14 milk Glutathione content was 40%, 59%, 62%, and 51% greater in CON, YC, MO, and GT sows, respectively, compared to colostrum. No difference in superoxide dismutase content in serum and d14 milk observed. Inclusion of ɣ-tocopherol in sow gestation and lactation diets enhanced suckling piglet growth; connection to sow antioxidant status remains unclear.

scholarly journals 179 Supplementation of mint oil and yeast cell in lactation diets on the antioxidant status of the dam and performance of offspring during the suckling phase

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 106-107
Author(s):  
Lily P Hernandez ◽  
James L Dunn ◽  
Joel Wenninghoff ◽  
Crystal L Levesque
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Yeast Cell ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Maternal Diet ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Offspring Performance ◽  
Piglet Growth ◽  
And Performance

Abstract Environmental or metabolic heat can increase oxidative stress in sows and may impact suckling pig growth; yeast cell- and oil-based products are used to alleviate oxidative stress. A study was conducted to assess yeast cell and mint oil supplementation in sow lactation diets on sow anti-oxidant status and offspring performance to weaning. A total of 45 sows and gilts (240.7 ± 38.5 kg BW) were assigned to one of 4 diets: Control diet (CON), control + yeast cell at 0.2% (YC), control + mint oil at 10 ppm (MO), and control + yeast cell and mint oil (YCMO). Diets were provided from d 110 of gestation through weaning (21 ± 4 d). Variables evaluated were: sow and piglet growth, litter characteristics at birth, colostrum and milk oxidative status, sow feed intake. Data analyzed as randomized complete block with sow as experimental unit and Tukey’s adjustment as means separation test. There was no effect of maternal diet on sow BW (204.52 ± 43.5 kg) at weaning, piglet birth weight (1.44 ± 0.96 kg), litter size (13.09 ± 6 pig/sow) or sow feed intake (6.32 ± 3.05 kg). Piglets from CON females had lesser gain (P < 0.05) compared with the other groups during the suckling phase (0.23, 0.24, 0.24, and 0.24 ± 0.005 kg in CON, YC, MO, and YCMO group, respectively). Superoxide dismutase activity in sow serum (d110 and weaning), colostrum, and milk was not different among diets and was 39, 59, 45, and 10% lower at weaning than d 110 in CON, YC, MO, and YCMO sows, respectively. Milk glutathione content tended to be lower (P < 0.10) in MO than YCMO sows with CON and YC intermediate (15.2, 32.0, 20.6, and 21.1 U/ml), respectively. Overall, inclusion of yeast cell or mint oil enhanced piglet growth, which may be related to lower sow antioxidant status.

scholarly journals PSIII-19 Supplementation of mint oil and yeast cell in lactation diets on performance of offspring during the early-post weaning period

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 174-175
Author(s):  
Lily P Hernandez ◽  
James L Dunn ◽  
Joel Wenninghoff ◽  
Crystal L Levesque
Keyword(s):  
Yeast Cell ◽  
Maternal Diet ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Offspring Performance ◽  
Impact Performance ◽  
Feeding Regimen ◽  
And Control

Abstract Social and dietary stress at weaning can increase oxidative stress in piglets and impact performance during the early post-wean period. A study was conducted to assess yeast cell and mint oil supplementation during suckling and post-wean periods on offspring growth performance. A total of 481 piglets (6.25 ± 3.35 kg BW) from 45 sows were randomly allotted to pens balanced by weight and litter (6-8 pigs/pen) within maternal diet. Pens of pigs received the same dietary treatment as the sow during the suckling phase: control diet (CON), control + yeast cell at 0.2% (YC), control + mint oil at 10 ppm (MO), and control + yeast cell and mint oil (YCMO) for 35 d post-wean in a 4-phase feeding regimen (phase 1, d0-6; phase 2, d7-13; phase 3, d14-19; phase 4, d20-35). Performance was analyzed as randomized complete block with pen as experimental unit and Tukey’s adjustment as means separation test. Piglets from YC sows were heavier (P < 0.05) than CON with MO and YCMO intermediate at weaning (6.9, 6.5, 6.7 and 6.6 ± 0.2 kg, respectively) and day 6 post-wean (7.12, 6.68, 7.01, and 6.75 ± 0.09 kg, respectively) and no difference among groups at day 13 (9.1 ± 0.16 kg), 19 (11.3 ± 0.19 kg) and 35 (19.7 ± 0.35 kg). Overall, daily gain was greater (P < 0.05) CON-fed pigs than YCMO pigs (0.40, 0.39, 0.38, 0.37 ± 0.01 g/d in CON, YC, MO, and YCMO, respectively). Overall feed intake was greater (P < 0.05) for YCMO than MO resulting in lower (P < 0.05) gain:feed in YCMO-fed pigs vs CON and MO with YC-fed pigs intermediate (0.538 vs 0.617, 0.621, and 0.585, respectively). Exposure to yeast cell or mint oil during the suckling and early post-wean periods provided some benefit to offspring performance.

scholarly journals PSVI-9 Mint oil, yeast cell, and ɣ-tocopherol supplementation in gestation and lactation diets on offspring performance during the post-wean period

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 195-196
Author(s):  
Lily P Hernandez ◽  
James L Dunn ◽  
Joel Wenninghoff ◽  
Crystal L Levesque
Keyword(s):  
Yeast Cell ◽  
Maternal Diet ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Offspring Performance ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Diet Control ◽  
Feeding Regimen ◽  
And Control

Abstract Weaning is a period of pig growth associated with increased incidence of oxidative stress which can impact post-weaning performance. Inclusion of feed additives with antioxidant activity in sow diets has been reported to improve offspring growth beyond the suckling phase. A study assessed yeast cell, mint oil, and ɣ-tocopherol supplementation in sow gestation and lactation diets has on offspring post-weaning performance. A total of 605 piglets (6.14 ± 2.53 kg BW) from 53 sows were randomly allotted to 62 pens, balanced by weight and litter within maternal diet [Control diet (CON), control + yeast cell at 0.15% (YC), control + mint oil at 10 ppm (MO), and control + ɣ-tocopherol at 200 ppm (GT)]. Pens of pigs were given a common diet for 126 d post-wean in a 9-phase feeding regimen. After d29 post-wean, performance of pigs deemed light (&lt; 5.10 kg) and heavy (&gt;7.25 kg) at weaning were followed to d126. Performance was analyzed as randomized complete block with pen as experimental unit and Tukey’s adjustment as means separation test. Pigs from CON sows tended to be lighter pigs from all other treatment groups at weaning and d29 post-wean due to differences in daily gain. Lightweight MO and GT pigs had a heavier weight at d42 (P=0.002) than CON and YC pigs (16.8, 16.7, 19.3, and 19.9 ± 0.77 kg in CON, YC, MO, and GT, respectively). At d70 post-wean, GT pigs tended to be heavier than CON pigs, with YC and MO intermediate. Lightweight pigs from MO sows had greater gain (P=0.04) during the finishing period than all other treatment groups, with GT pigs gaining less. There were no detectable differences in BW during the finishing phase among treatments in heavyweight pigs, however, CON pigs tended (P=0.07) to gain the least. Exposure to mint oil and ɣ-tocopherol during the prenatal and suckling period may provide lasting benefits to light-weight pigs post-wean.

scholarly journals Mint Oil, ɤ-Tocopherol, and Whole Yeast Cell in Sow Diets Enhance Offspring Performance in the Postweaning Period

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lily P. Hernandez ◽  
James L. Dunn ◽  
Joel Wenninghoff ◽  
Amanda Hesse ◽  
Crystal L. Levesque
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Yeast Cell ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Oxidative Status ◽  
Offspring Performance ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Maternal Treatment ◽  
Feeding Regimen ◽  
And Control

Times of high metabolic activity in gestation and lactation, as well as periods of stress at weaning, can lead to greater incidences of oxidative stress in the dam and offspring during the suckling and postweaning period. Oxidative stress is an imbalance between prooxidant molecules and the antioxidant defense system that can negatively impact growth and/or reproductive performance. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effectiveness of whole yeast cell, peppermint oil, and ɤ-tocopherol in gestation and lactation on maternal oxidative status and offspring growth from birth to market. In study 1, 45 sows and gilts were assigned to one of four diets [control diet (CON), control + whole yeast cell (YC), control + mint oil top dress (MO), and control + yeast cell and mint oil top dress (YCMO)] provided from d110 of gestation through to weaning. A total of 481 weaned offspring were randomly allotted to pens balanced by weight and litter within maternal treatment and received the same dietary treatment as the sow for 35 days postwean in a four-phase feeding regimen. In study 2, 53 sows and gilts were allotted to four diet regimens similar to study 1 [CON, YC, MO, and control + ɤ-tocopherol (GT)] from d5 postbreeding to weaning. At weaning, 605 piglets were randomly allotted to pens, balanced by weight and litter within maternal treatment and fed a common diet for 126 days postwean in a nine-phase feeding regimen. Maternal dietary treatment did not impact sow body weight, piglet birth weight, and litter size in either study. In study 1, piglets from YC sows were heavier (p &lt; 0.05) at weaning than CON animals. In the postwean period, overall daily gain was greater (p &lt; 0.05) for CON-fed pigs than YCMO pigs, with overall feed intake greater (p &lt; 0.05) for YCMO- than MO-fed pigs, resulting in lower (p &lt; 0.05) Gain to Feed (G:F) in YCMO-fed pigs. In study 1, glutathione content in milk tended to be lower (p &lt; 0.10) in MO than in YCMO sows. In study 2, piglets from GT-fed sows tended to be heavier (p &lt; 0.10) at weaning than YC piglets. Lightweight pigs from CON sows tended to be lighter (p &lt; 0.10) than pigs from all other treatment groups at weaning and day (d) 29 postwean. Lightweight MO and GT pigs were heavier at d42 (p &lt; 0.05) than CON and YC pigs. At d70 postwean, GT pigs tended to be heavier than CON pigs. Lightweight MO pigs had greater gain (p &lt; 0.05) during the finishing period than all other treatment groups. With respect to sow oxidative status in study 2, glutathione content in colostrum and d4 and 14 milk samples did not differ by maternal treatment. Superoxide dismutase activity in sow sera, colostrum, and milk did not differ between diets in either study. Whole yeast cell and ɤ-tocopherol supplementation in sow lactation diets resulted in heavier offspring. However, pre- and postnatal exposure to mint oil benefited lightweight pigs up to market weight.

Linseed meal during early pregnancy increases litter size in pigs without affecting post-natal growth

2010 ◽  
Vol 90 (4) ◽  
pp. 491-493
Author(s):  
K.A. Vonnahme ◽  
R.C. Zimprich ◽  
E.K. Harris ◽  
E.P. Berg ◽  
D.J. Newman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Maternal Diet ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Postnatal Growth ◽  
Placental Weight ◽  
Linseed Meal ◽  
Piglet Growth ◽  
And Control

To determine how feeding linseed meal (LSM) during gestation influences litter size, placental weight, and piglet growth, sows (n = 30) received a phytoestrogen-free Control diet throughout gestation; 12.5% LSM diet throughout gestation (LSM114); or 12.5% LSM diet from day 1 to day 15 of gestation and control diet until parturition (LSM15). Maternal diet did not affect birth weight, placental weight, or postnatal growth. The number of fully formed piglets was increased (P = 0.05) in LSM15 sows compared with Control and LSM114 sows (13.5 vs. 10.1 and 11.6 ± 1.0, respectively). Feeding LSM during the first 2 wk after breeding may enhance litter size.

scholarly journals Growth performance and antioxidant status of growing rabbits fed on diets supplemented with Eucommia ulmoides leaves

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Song Li ◽  
Miaoqing Zhao ◽  
Tingting Jiang ◽  
Wenwen Lv ◽  
Shujuan Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Eucommia Ulmoides ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Diet Control ◽  
And Control

<p>The present study evaluated the effect of dietary <em>Eucommia ulmoides leaves</em> (EUL) on growth performance and antioxidant status of growing rabbits under heat stress condition. Four hundred and fifty weaned New Zealand male rabbits (6 wk old) were randomly divided into 3 equal groups (150 rabbits/group) and fed with a basal diet (control, digestible energy (DE): 15.92 MJ/kg and crude protein (CP): 19.24%) or the basal diet supplemented with 1 or 5 g of EUL/kg of diet (EUL1 and EUL5), in which the same quantity of barley meal was replaced. During the 21 d of experiment (43 to 63 d of age), the temperature and relative humidity of the rabbit house ranged from 27.5 to 32.5°C and from 65 to 73%, respectively. We analysed feed intake, growth performance and antioxidant status of growing rabbits. Compared with the control group, at the end of the experimental period, EUL supplementation significantly reduced the average daily feed intake (92.0, 92.8 and 100.7 g/d for EUL1, EUL5 and control, respectively; P&lt;0.05), improved the feed conversion ratio (3.80, 3.81 and 4.59 for EUL1, EUL5 and control, respectively; P&lt;0.05), increased the activities of glutathione peroxidase (+35.5 and +35.0% in plasma and liver of rabbits in EUL5 vs. control group, respectively; P&lt;0.05) and reduced those of malondialdehyde (–12.0 and –46.0% in plasma and liver of rabbits in EUL5 vs. control group, respectively; P&lt;0.05). These results suggest that inclusion of EUL in the diet of growing rabbits improved the growth performance and antioxidant status in growing rabbits.</p>

scholarly journals PSVIII-14 Impact of altering Lys:energy ratio during gestation on offspring post-wean growth performance

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 205-206
Author(s):  
Tiffany Bruhn ◽  
Hyatt Frobose ◽  
Crystal L Levesque
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Energy Supply ◽  
Calculated Data ◽  
Offspring Performance ◽  
Maternal Treatment ◽  
Sow Lactation ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Mixed Gender

Abstract Lysine and energy supply in gestation can influence preweaning mortality and sow lactation feed intake but little data exists for the impact on offspring post-weaning performance. A study evaluated the effects of dietary Lys:energy during gestation on offspring performance from weaning until market. Both primiparous and multiparous females (n=59 in 2 groups) were blocked by parity, balanced by weight and allotted to one of three gestation feeding regimens: 1.50 g SID Lys/Mcal ME (Control), 1.50 g SID Lys/Mcal ME from d2–89 and 2.11 g SID Lys/Mcal ME from d90–110 d of gestation (PF1) and 1.25, 1.07, and 0.88 g SID Lys/Mcal ME from d2–89 for gilts, parity 1 and parity 2+, respectively and 2.11 g SID Lys/Mcal ME from d90–110 d of gestation (PF2). Offspring (n=682) were weaned into 40 pens by maternal treatment (n=13-15 pigs/pen, mixed gender/pen). Pen feed disappearance and individual pig weights were determined at least once each month until market. Animals were marketed by a technician blinded to treatment; to account for potential marketing bias, adjusted d130 weight was calculated. Data were analyzed as a randomized complete block with means separation using Scheffe’s adjustment. The offspring of Control sows had decreased BW at weaning (P &lt; 0.001) versus PF1 offspring and Control offspring had decreased BW (P = 0.001) compared to both PF1 and PF2 at d7 post-weaning. Despite minimal differences in ADG, ADFI, or G:F between treatments, PF2 offspring were heavier (P = 0.02) at market and adjusted d130 weight than Control pigs. While PF1 offspring had similar BW at market than Controls, they spent fewer (138.2 vs. 142.7; P = 0.009) days on feed than Control pigs due to the aforementioned marketing bias. Altered Lys:energy ratio in a single gestation cycle improved offspring post-wean performance.

PSIII-13 Effects of Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Fermentation Products on Lactating Sow Performance

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 172-172
Author(s):  
Ricardo M Garcia ◽  
Morgan T Thayer ◽  
Kayla M Mills ◽  
Jacob A Richert ◽  
Katharine G Sharp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Water Intake ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Intermediate Water ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Fermentation Products ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Lactating Sows

Abstract Lactating sows (N=140, York x Landrace) were used to evaluate the effects of a liquid prototype (LIQP) and dry (XPC®; Diamond V) Saccharomyces cerevisiae feed additives on sow and litter performance. Sows were fed a common gestation diet (0.55% SID-Lysine) until d112 of pregnancy and then allotted to lactation treatments: 1) Control diet (CON; 1.00% SID-Lysine), 2) CON +15 mL of LIQP from d112 to weaning (LIQ), 3) CON +0.20% of XPC from d112 to weaning (DRY), and 4) DRY +15 mL of LIQP from d112 to d7 post-farrowing (D+L). The LIQP was given once daily using an oral dose gun and XPC was included in the feed. Immunoglobulin concentrations were estimated on colostrum samples using Brix refractometer and piglet d 1 serum immunocrit ratio and plasma IgA and IgG. Daily sow water intake and daily feed intake (DFI) from d112 of gestation to d7 post-farrowing and weekly feed intake (ADFI) were recorded. There were no treatment effects on sow BW, backfat, or loin depth (P &gt;0.05) although sows from LIQ group had numerically smaller BW reductions compared to CON sows (4.9% vs 7.2%, P=0.19). LIQ sows had greater DFI and CON lower DFI during week 1 of lactation (P=0.04) as well as ADFI for weeks 2, 3, and overall lactation period (P&lt; 0.01) with DRY and D+L sows being intermediate. Water intake, immunoglobulins, and litter performance did not differ among treatments (P &gt;0.05) although pigs from LIQ sows, compared to CON, had numerically increased weaning (6.14 vs 5.82kg, P &gt;0.05) and litter weights (63.2 vs 60.1kg, P &gt;0.05). LIQ sows had 0.7 d reduced wean-to-estrus interval (P&lt; 0.001) and tended to have greater conception rates (P=0.07). In conclusion, LIQ supplementation of lactating sows improves feed intake, allowing sows to keep body reserves, and have better subsequent rebreeding performance.

scholarly journals Effects of gender and dietary date palm extract on performance, carcass traits, and antioxidant status of Japanese quail

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 387-398
Author(s):  
M. Bolacali ◽  
K. Irak ◽  
T. Tufan ◽  
M. Küçük
Keyword(s):  
Japanese Quail ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Date Palm ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Total Antioxidant Status ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Bodyweight Gain ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gender Groups

This research examined effects of gender and dietary inclusion of date palm extract (DPE) on growth, carcass characteristics, oxidative status and serum characteristics of Japanese quail. One thousand chicks were allocated to five replicates of treatment and gender groups composed of 20 chicks. The treatments were a basal diet and four groups augmented with 0.25%, 0.50%, 0.75%, and 1.00% DPE. The interaction of gender and treatment was significant for bodyweight (BW) at 42 days, average daily bodyweight gain (BWG), feed intake (FI), weights of most carcass components, and the serum profile. Females had better performance to 42 days than males (P <0.05). In addition, females had higher hot and cold carcass weights, breast percentage, liver percentage, intestine percentage, total protein, albumin, triglyceride (TRIG), total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), and oxidative stress indexes (OSIs) (P <0.001). Males had higher percentages of hot carcass, cold carcass and heart, and their levels of cholesterol (CHOL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) values were greater than females (P <0.001). Birds fed 0.50% DPE grew faster, were more efficient, and had heavier live and carcass weights at 42 days than those fed the basal diet. However, treatment effects and their interaction with gender on growth, feed intake and the serum profile were unremarkable compared to the gender main effect. Dietary augmentation with 0.50% DPE might enhance the performance of quail between 14 and 42 days old.

AGEWEAN – The effect of weaning age on sow performance over four parities

2007 ◽  
Vol 2007 ◽  
pp. 85-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.L. Edge ◽  
K. Breuer ◽  
K. Hillman ◽  
C.A. Morgan ◽  
A. Stewart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Weaning Age ◽  
Weaning Pigs ◽  
Piglet Growth

Weaning pigs from the sow at an older age, when their digestive systems are more mature, has been suggested as an approach to reduce the potentially negative effect of the in-feed antibiotic growth promoter (AGP) ban on the national pig herd. Whilst this approach has been shown to improve feed intake and piglet growth rate during the early postweaning period (Edge et al. 2006) it is also important to consider how changes in weaning age may influence sow productivity and longevity in the herd. The AGEWEAN programme of research followed 570 gilts whose piglets were weaned at either 4, 6 or 8 weeks of age through four successive parities; reproductive performance, litter data and the timing and reasons for any sow being culled from the herd were recorded.

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