276 Evaluation of a Long-acting Growth-promoting Implant (Revalor-XS) as an Initial Implant in a Re-implant Program with a revalor-200 Terminal Implant in Feedlot Cattle: A Three-study Pooled Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 128-129
Author(s):  
Grant I Crawford ◽  
Wade T Nichols ◽  
John P Hutcheson ◽  
Marshall N Streeter ◽  
Brandon L Nuttelman ◽  
...  

Abstract Data from three large-pen feedlot studies were pooled to evaluate use of a long-acting implant (Revalor-XS) as an initial implant in a re-implant program. The three studies consisted of 2,764 steers in 40 pens, with an initial body weight (BW) of 271 kg. Treatments consisted of Revalor-IS [80 mg trenbolone acetate (TBA), 16 mg estradiol (E2)] administered on arrival, followed by Revalor-200 (200 mg TBA, 20 mg E2) terminal implant (IS/200) or Revalor-XS (80 mg TBA, 16 mg E2 uncoated; 120 mg TBA, 24 mg E2 coated; 200 mg TBA, 40 mg E2 total) on arrival followed by Revalor-200 terminal implant (XS/200). Steers were fed to equal days-on-feed (DOF) within study and averaged 210 DOF. Steers within treatment were re-implanted at same DOF in two studies (Day 124 on average followed by an 81-day terminal implant window). In the third study, IS/200 steers were implanted on Day 120 and XS/200 steers on Day 140 of the 217-day study. Final BW averaged 635.6 and 638.3 kg for IS/200 and XS/200, respectively (P = 0.21). There were no differences (P > 0.26) in DMI, ADG and Gain:Feed between treatments. Hot carcass weight tended (P = 0.07) to be greater with XS/200 (412.7 kg) compared with IS/200 (409.1 kg). Ribeye area was greater (P < 0.01) and fat thickness tended (P = 0.06) to be lower with XS/200 compared with IS/200. Distributions of USDA quality grades were not affected (P = 0.26) by treatment. Distributions of USDA yield grades (YG) were affected (P = 0.01) by treatment with a shift toward more YG 1 and 2 carcasses with XS/200 and more YG 4 and 5 carcasses with IS/200. This analysis indicates that using Revalor-XS as an initial implant leads to greater carcass weight and ribeye area and lower YG when compared with Revalor-IS.

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 332-332
Author(s):  
Chandler A Dockray ◽  
Tommy L Perkins ◽  
Flavio Riberio ◽  
Tylo J Kirkpatrick ◽  
Kaitlyn R Wesley ◽  
...  

Abstract Charolais x Angus steers (n = 80) were evaluated across a 378-day feeding period in response to administration of a growth promoting implant containing trenbolone acetate (TBA) and estradiol (E2) using A-mode and B-mode ultrasound. Steers were scanned at 42-d intervals (0, 42, 84, 126, 168, 210, 252, 294, 336) during 10 separate ultrasound scanning sessions 24-h prior to harvest. Ultrasound B-mode rump fat images (BRFU) were obtained by a certified Ultrasound Guidelines Council (UGC) technician using an ALOKA 500V console equipped with a 17.2 cm carcass probe. Ultrasound A-mode images (ARFU) were obtained by a non-UGC certified technician using a RENCO Lean Meater. Images of BRFU were analyzed by the CUP lab whereas ARFU image results were determined chute side by the scanning technician. Carcasses were dissected into total lean, fat and bone post-harvest. Rump fat thickness ultrasound measurements were compared to carcass traits used to determine carcass value. Carcass endpoints included 12th–rib fat thickness (FTC), 12th rib-eye area (REAC), marbling score (MARB), and total percentage of carcass fat (PCF). The correlation between BRFU and ARFU was 0.70 (P < 0.01). Positive correlations (P < 0.01) between ultrasound rump fat measures taken the day before harvest and carcass measurements indicated moderate relationships between BRFU and FTC (r=0.80); BRFU and REAC (r=0.66); BRFU and MARB (r=0.68); BRFU and PCF (r=0.75); ARFU and FTC (r=0.69); ARFU and REAC (r=0.76); ARFU and MARB (r=0.79); and ARFU and PCF (r=0.80). These results indicate A- and B-mode ultrasound measures of rump fat may be adequate measures for estimation of total percent carcass fat.


2008 ◽  
Vol 48 (9) ◽  
pp. 1155 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. L. Mader ◽  
J. B. Gaughan ◽  
W. M. Kreikemeier ◽  
A. M. Parkhurst

Two groups of 108 Angus cross yearling heifers were utilised to determine the effects of growth-promoting agents on behaviour, when utilised under thermoneutral, hot and cold environmental conditions. Pens of heifers were observed throughout the day for feed intake pattern via bunk score, panting (hot), degree of bunching and shivering (cold). For cattle that were exposed to cold stress, feed intake was greater earlier in the day, with the majority of the feed consumed by 1500 hours and little or no feed consumed at night, while the opposite trend occurred under heat stress. Nearly 46% of the pens containing heat-stressed heifers had greater than 50% of their feed remaining in the bunk at 1900 hours. Pens of heifers exposed to thermoneutral conditions had a tendency to show elevated panting scores at 0700 hours, while heifers exposed to hot conditions did not, indicating some acclimation to heat stress had already taken place for the heifers exposed to hot conditions. Panting score did not appear to be affected by growth-promoting treatment. Under cold stress, 100% of the cattle displayed bunching behaviour throughout the day, while under hot and thermoneutral conditions, maximum bunching (25 to 30%) occurred at 1500 hours. Within an environmental condition, trenbolone acetate cattle tended to bunch more under thermoneutral and hot conditions, particularly in the morning, when compared with other treatment groups; control and oestrogen-treated cattle tended to bunch less under the same conditions, regardless of the time of day. Although data were inconclusive as to overall effects of growth promotants on mitigating cold stress, shivering scores were increased with a more aggressive growth-promoting treatment (P < 0.05). These findings suggest that if growth promotants, which are used in feedlot cattle, impact cattle exposed to adverse environmental conditions, then they tend to be more effective at mitigating heat stress than cold stress.


Author(s):  
Gabriel de Oliveira Ribeiro ◽  
Stephanie A. Terry ◽  
Martin Hünerberg ◽  
Kim Ominski ◽  
Francis J Larney ◽  
...  

The effect of trenbolone acetate+estradiol implants (TBA), melengestrol acetate (MGA), and ractopamine hydrochloride+TBA (RAC+TBA) on growth performance and carcass characteristics in beef cattle (n=680; 279±10.1 kg) fed barley grain/corn silage was examined in a 4-yr study (4 pens/treatment/yr; 262 ±8 d feeding period). In the first 2 yrs, treatments were: 1) control heifers (H-CON; no growth promoters (GP), 2) TBA implanted heifers (H-TBA), 3) MGA heifers (H-MGA), 4) control steers (S-CON; no GP), and 5) TBA implanted steers (S-TBA). A sixth treatment 6) RAC+TBA steers (RAC+TBA) was included in yrs 3 and 4. Overall DMI of heifers was increased (P<0.001) by TBA, but not MGA. Compared to H-CONs, H-TBA had greater ADG (P <0.001), G:F (P < 0.001), and carcass weight (P < 0.001), whereas S-TBA had increased ADG (P < 0.001), G:F (P< 0.001), and carcass weight (P< 0.001) compared to S-CON. Compared to H-CON, H-MGA had increased (P< 0.01) ADG, G:F and carcass weight. The RAC+TBA had increased (P< 0.01) ADG and carcass weight (3.2%), but not G:F or DMI compared to S-TBA. This 4 yr study showed a consistent positive impact of growth-enhancing technologies on the performance of Canadian feedlot cattle.


1999 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. H. Crews Jr. ◽  
R. A. Kemp

Preweaning and carcass trait records from crossbred steers (n = 1015) and heifers (n = 957) were used to estimate genetic parameters and to investigate the efficacy of maternal effects and preweaning growth information for improving estimation of EBV for carcass traits for crossbred beef cattle. Dams (n = 775) representing three F1 and twelve back-cross combinations involving the Charolais, Hereford, Angus, Simmental and Shorthorn breeds were mated over six years to Limousin bulls (n = 36) at two locations in western Canada. Four animal models, involving from zero to three maternal (co)variances were used to analyze four carcass traits. Rank and simple correlations indicated that maternal effects were relatively unimportant for estimation of direct carcass trait breeding values. Direct heritabilities were 0.28, 0.12 and 0.16 for birth weight, preweaning daily gain and weaning weight, and were 0.20, 0.35, 0.50 and 0.38 for hot carcass weight, fat thickness, ribeye area and percent lean yield, respectively. Maternal heritabilities were 0.21, 0.22 and 0.40 for birth weight, preweaning daily gain and weaning weight, respectively. Estimated genetic correlations between percent lean yield and hot carcass weight, fat thickness and ribeye area were –0.05, –0.85 and 0.39, respectively, and 0.30 between hot carcass weight and ribeye area. Direct genetic effects for birth weight had moderate (0.51 to 0.54) correlations with direct effects for carcass weight, ribeye area and percent lean yield. Direct genetic effects for fat thickness were negatively correlated with direct effects for birth weight (−0.44), preweaning daily gain (−0.15) and weaning weight (−0.25). Maternal genetic effects for preweaning traits had near-zero correlations with direct genetic effects for fat thickness and percent lean yield. Adding preweaning growth information to genetic evaluations for carcass traits slightly decreased prediction error variances for breeding values and would be recommended when information on carcass traits is limited. Key words: Genetic evaluation, carcass traits, beef cattle


2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 60-60
Author(s):  
Taylor J Garcia ◽  
Colton A Robison ◽  
Paul A Beck ◽  
Ryan R Reuter ◽  
Blake K Wilson ◽  
...  

Abstract Spring (SPRING) and fall (FALL) born steers (n = 211) were used in a mixed effects model to evaluate calving season and conception method [artificial insemination (AI) or natural service (NS)] on finishing performance and carcass traits. SPRING were weaned in October, grazed dormant range for 90 days and grazed wheat pasture for 90 days before shipping to finish. FALL were weaned in May, and grazed tallgrass prairie for 120 days before shipping to finish. Initial and final BW, days on feed, ADG, DMI, and gain to feed efficiency were evaluated as performance measures. Dry matter intake and gain:feed were analyzed on pen basis. Hot carcass weight, yield grade, fat thickness, ribeye area, and marbling score were collected at harvest. Bodyweight of SPRING and AI steers were heavier (P ≤ 0.05) entering and leaving the feedlot than FALL and NS steers, respectively. Compared to FALL steers, ADG (P &lt; 0.01) and DMI (P = 0.03) were greater for SPRING and required less days on feed (P ≤ 0.05). Calving season and conception method (P ≥ 0.2) did not affect gain:feed. Conception method (P = 0.5) did not affect ADG, DMI, and days on feed. SPRING had higher yield grades (P &lt; 0.01) and increased in fat thickness (P = 0.01) compared to FALL steers. There were no differences (P = 0.2) in hot carcass weight, ribeye area, and marbling score due to season of birth. Steers born from AI mating had greater hot carcass weight (P = 0.01) and marbling score (P = 0.02), but conception method did not affect yield grade, fat thickness, and ribeye area (P &gt; 0.2). These results demonstrate SPRING steers are heavier entering and leaving the feedlot, have higher ADG and DMI, and require less days on feed; however, gain:feed, hot carcass weight, ribeye area, and marbling score did not differ from FALL steers. An economic analysis is needed to validate an AI program based on calving season in north-central Oklahoma.


2005 ◽  
Vol 68 (11) ◽  
pp. 2411-2419 ◽  
Author(s):  
BRIGITTE LEFEBVRE ◽  
MOUSSA S. DIARRA ◽  
KARINE GIGUÈRE ◽  
GABRIEL ROY ◽  
SOPHIE MICHAUD ◽  
...  

In a longitudinal study (165 days), we investigated the effect of growth-promoting agents (monensin and trenbolone acetate–estradiol) and an antibiotic (oxytetracycline) on the incidence in feedlot steers of Escherichia coli O157, including antibiotic-resistant and hypermutable isolates. Eighty steers in 16 pens were treated with eight combinations of promoters, and each treatment was duplicated. Fecal samples were collected at nine different sampling times for detection of E. coli O157. Overall, 50 E. coli O157 isolates were detected in treated animals, and none were found in untreated animals. Compared with untreated controls, there was a significant association between the utilization of growth-promoting agents or antibiotics and the shedding of E. coli O157 at day 137 (P = 0.03), when a prevalence peak was observed and 50% of the isolates were detected. Multiplex PCR assays were conducted for some virulence genes. PCR results indicated that all except one isolate possessed at least the Shiga toxin gene stx2. MICs for 12 antibiotics were determined, and eight oxytetracycline-resistant E. coli O157 strains were identified. Antibiotic-resistant strains were considered a distinct subpopulation of E. coli O157 by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis typing. Seven of these antibiotic-resistant strains were isolated early in the study (on or before day 25), and among them two were also hypermutable as determined by rifampin mutation frequencies. The proportion of hypermutable strains among E. coli O157 isolates remained relatively constant throughout the study period. These results indicate that the use of growth-promoting agents and antibiotics in beef production may increase the risk of environmental contamination by E. coli O157.


2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 131-132
Author(s):  
Grant Crawford ◽  
Wade Nichols ◽  
John Hutcheson ◽  
Marshall Streeter ◽  
Brandon Nuttelman ◽  
...  

Abstract Yearling beef heifers (n = 6,239) were used in a randomized complete block design experiment to evaluate the effects of long-acting implants on feedlot growth performance and carcass characteristics when compared with re-implant programs. Heifers (initial BW = 324 kg, SEM = 0.85) were randomized to 1 of 4 implant treatments with 12 pens/treatment: 1) Revalor-IH (80 mg trenbolone acetate [TBA], 8 mg estradiol [E]) at initial processing followed by a Revalor-200 (200 mg TBA, 20 mg E) 90 d later (IH/200); 2) Revalor-200 at initial processing followed by a Revalor-200 90 d later (200/200); 3) Revalor-XH (200 mg TBA, 20 mg E) at initial processing (XH); and 4) Synovex One Feedlot (200 mg TBA, 20 mg E) at initial processing (ONE). Revalor-XH and Synovex One are long-acting implants designed to extend hormone release, eliminating the need to re-implant cattle. After initial processing, XH and ONE heifers were not removed from their pens until harvest. Final BW (556 kg), DMI (7.95 kg/d), ADG (1.26 kg), and feed efficiency (0.158) did not differ (P &gt; 0.23) among treatments. Hot carcass weight (HCW) was greater (P &lt; 0.10) for 200/200 (364 kg) than XH (361 kg) and ONE (360 kg), with no other differences (P &gt; 0.10) in HCW among treatments. Dressing percentage (DP) and longissimus muscle (LM) area were greater (P &lt; 0.01) for 200/200 than all other treatments, and greater for IH/200 than XH and ONE. Marbling score was reduced and average yield grade (YG) was improved (P &lt; 0.01) for 200/200 vs. all other treatments and for IH/200 vs. XH and ONE. Compared with re-implant programs, long-acting implants decreased DP and LM area, increased marbling score and YG, and did not differ in final BW. The Revalor-200/200 re-implant program resulted in improved HCW when compared with long-acting implants.


2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 132-132
Author(s):  
Marshall Streeter ◽  
John Hutcheson ◽  
Wade Nichols ◽  
Brandon Nuttelman ◽  
Grant Crawford ◽  
...  

Abstract Beef heifers (n=1478) were used in a randomized complete block design to compare the effects of a traditional re-implant (Revalor-IH/Revalor-200) or a long-acting implant program (Revalor-XH) on feed yard growth performance and carcass characteristics. Heifers (initial BW = 263 kg; SD = 3.44 kg) were randomized to 1 of 20 pens with pens randomly assigned to Revalor-IH (80 mg trenbolone acetate [TBA], 8 mg estradiol [E]) at initial processing followed by Revalor-200 (200 mg TBA, 20 mg E; Rev-IH/200) 103 days later or Revalor-XH (200 mg TBA, 20 mg E; Rev-XH) implant treatments. Heifers were on feed for an average of 221 d with Rev-XH heifers remaining in their pens for the duration of the study. Final BW (559 kg) and feed efficiency (0.175) did not differ (P &gt; 0.11) between treatments. Dry matter intake was greater (P &lt; 0.10) for Rev-IH/200 (7.70 kg) compared with Rev-XH (7.60 kg) heifers causing greater (P &lt; 0.10) ADG for Rev-IH/200 (1.35 kg) versus Rev-XH (1.33 kg). Heifers implanted with Rev-IH/200 (365 kg) had greater (P &lt; 0.10) HCW than those implanted with Rev-XH (361 kg). However, differences in dressing percentage were not detected (P &gt; 0.15). Longissimus muscle area was greater (P &lt; 0.05) for heifers implanted with Rev-IH/200 (89.55 cm2) versus those implanted with Rev-XH (87.87 cm2). Back fat thickness (1.76 cm), calculated yield grade (3.28) and marbling score (487) did not differ (P &gt; 0.42) due to implant treatment. Differences resulting from implant treatment in the percentage of carcasses within USDA Quality Grades (P &gt; 0.34) and USDA Yield Grades (P &gt; 0.18) were not observed. Heifers that were re-implanted had improved ADG, DMI and HCW compared with those receiving a long-acting implant with minimal effects on carcass characteristics.


1981 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 319-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Kempster ◽  
J. P. Chadwick ◽  
D. W. Jones ◽  
A. Cuthbertson

ABSTRACTThe Hennessy and Chong Fat Depth Indicator and the Ulster Probe automatic recording instruments developed for measuring fat thickness were tested against the optical probe for use in pig carcass classification and grading.Fat thickness measurements were taken using each probe 60 mm from the dorsal mid-line over the m. longissimus at the positions of the 3rd/4th lumbar vertebrae, 3rd/4th last ribs and last rib on a total of 110 hot carcasses covering the range of market weights in Great Britain. The standard deviation of carcass lean proportion at equal carcass weight was 35·4 g/kg.The instruments differed little in the precision of carcass lean proportion prediction: residual standard deviation (g/kg) for the multiple regression with carcass weight and the best individual fat measurement for each probe were: last rib optical probe, 22·1; last rib Ulster Probe, 22·7; and 3rd/4th last rib Fat Depth Indicator, 21/6. Residual standard deviation (g/kg) for carcass lean proportion prediction from carcass weight and all three fat measurements in multiple regression were 21·3 optical probe, 21·3 Ulster Probe and 201 Fat Depth Indicator.Similar mean fat measurements were obtained from the optical probe and Fat Depth Indicator, and for these instruments, but to a lesser extent for the Ulster Probe, the regression relationships with each other and with fat thickness measurements taken on the cut surface of the cold carcass were also similar.The differences recorded in precision are unlikely to be sufficiently important to influence the choice of one probe rather than another.


2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 291-291
Author(s):  
Harley Buie ◽  
Noah P Jesko

Abstract Live animal ultrasound measurements were taken on thirty-two feedlot steers and heifers for estimation of carcass endpoints including 12th rib fat thickness (FTU), ribeye area (REAU) and intramuscular fat (%FatU). Ultrasound measurements were collected by an inexperienced technician using an Aloka 500 ultrasound unit using Beef Image Analysis (BIA) software. The objective of the study was to evaluate carcass differences of four sire breed types including Angus (n = 11), Ultrablack (n = 6), Nelore (n = 6), Braunvieh (n = 1) and Angus X Nelore X Braunvieh hybrid (n = 8). Carcass data collected at harvest included 12th rib fat Thickness (FTC), Ribeye area (REAC), marbling score (MS), Yield Grade (YG), and Quality Grade (QG). The data were analyzed using SAS to determine breed effects. Means for FTU, FTC, REAU, REAC, %FatU and MS were 0.59 cm, 0.57 cm, 90.80 cm2, 83.53 cm2, 4.83%, and 483.75, respectively. There was no significant difference (P &gt; 0.05) in YG and FT due to breed of sire. However, there was a trend for sire breed for ribeye area (P = 0.0728) for Angus X Nelore X Braunvieh cross and MS (P = 0.0786) for Ultrablack. Pearson correlation values between FTU and FTC, REAU and REAC, and %FatU and MS were 0.1217 (P = 0.05068), 0.3545 (P = .0465) and 0.5161 (P = 0.0025), respectively. These data suggest little differences existed in carcass attributes between various sire breeds out of a set of crossbred commercial cows.


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