PSVI-1 Effect of Light Regiment on Farrowing Performance in Sows

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 220-220
Author(s):  
Shelby A McLoda ◽  
Nichole C Anderson ◽  
Drew W Lugar
Keyword(s):  
Video Recording ◽  
Total Duration ◽  
Interval Number ◽  
Statistical Analyses ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Due Date ◽  
Dark Cycle ◽  
Indirect Measure ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Effect Of Light

Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of light on farrowing performance in sows. Thirty sows were moved to the farrowing unit at d 110 of gestation and were assigned one of two treatments: 12 h light/dark cycle (Dark) or 24 h light (Light). Treatments were initiated upon entry into the farrowing unit until completion of farrowing was confirmed. For Dark sows, the farrowing crates were structured with light blocking tarps that were lowered at 1900 hr and raised at 0700 hr daily. Video recording devices were installed above all sows and continuous video was recorded from initiation of the treatments until farrowing was complete. Data collected included duration of farrowing, birthing interval, number of stillborn piglets as an indirect measure of dystocia, total born, and liveborn piglets. All statistical analyses were performed using the mixed procedure of SAS, where the experimental unit was individual sow. Funding for this project was provided by the National Pork Checkoff and the U.S. Pork Center of Excellence. Dark sows were more likely to give birth closer to their due date compared to Light sows (1.34 vs. 2.16 ± 0.24 days relative to a 115-day due date, respectively; P = 0.02). Total duration of parturition did not differ between treatments (P = 0.56). Number of liveborn piglets between treatments did not differ (P = 0.68), however the number of stillborn piglets between treatments was different (P = 0.02), where Dark sows had a higher incidence of stillborn piglets compared to Light sows (1.52 vs. 0.65 ± 0.25 stillborn piglets/litter, respectively). The interval between piglets did not differ between treatments (P = 0.93). It is hypothesized that the effects on due date and increased incidence of stillborn piglets was caused by increased stress due to visual isolation in the Dark sows.

scholarly journals Effect of Light Regiment on Farrowing Performance and Behavior in Sows

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2858
Author(s):  
Shelby McLoda ◽  
Nichole C. Anderson ◽  
Jennifer Earing ◽  
Drew Lugar
Keyword(s):  
Light Exposure ◽  
Sudden Change ◽  
Total Duration ◽  
Light Treatment ◽  
Gestation Length ◽  
Dark Cycle ◽  
Dark Treatment ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Effect Of Light

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of light exposure on farrowing performance in sows. Thirty sows were moved to the farrowing unit at d 110 of gestation and assigned a treatment: 12 h light/12 h dark cycle (Dark) or 24 h light (Light). Treatments began upon entry into the farrowing unit. Video was recorded continuously from initiation of the treatments until completion of farrowing. Data collected included duration of farrowing, birthing interval, and behavior during farrowing. Additionally, the number of total born, liveborn, and stillborn piglets was recorded. Gestation length was different between treatments, with a shorter gestation in Dark treatment sows than Light treatment sows (116.4 vs. 117.1 ± 0.2 d, respectively; p = 0.027). The total duration of parturition and number of liveborn did not differ (p = 0.393). Number of stillborn piglets between treatments did differ (p = 0.018). Dark had more stillborns compared to Light treatment sows (1.5 vs. 0.7 ± 0.2 piglets, respectively). Neither the interval between piglets nor farrowing behavior differed between treatments (p > 0.100). The results from this experiment indicate that a sudden change in photoperiod has the potential to impact the gestation length of sows and number of stillborn pigs.

Numbers Assigned in the Vietnam-Era Selective Service Lotteries Influence the Military Service Decisions of Children Born to Draft-Eligible Men

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 347-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim Johnson ◽  
Christopher T. Dawes ◽  
Matt McGue ◽  
William G. Iacono
Keyword(s):  
Causal Relationship ◽  
Military Service ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Causal Link ◽  
Statistical Analyses ◽  
Selective Service ◽  
Vietnam Era ◽  
The Military ◽  
The U.S

Previous research has reported correlations between the military service records of parents and their children. Those studies, however, have not determined whether a parent’s military service causally influences an offspring’s participation in the armed forces. To investigate the possibility of a causal relationship, we examined whether lottery numbers issued to draft-eligible men during the U.S. Vietnam-era Selective Service Lotteries influenced the military participation of those men’s children. Our study found higher rates of military participation among children born to fathers whose randomly assigned numbers were called for induction. Furthermore, we perform statistical analyses indicating that the influence of lottery numbers on the subsequent generation’s military participation operated through the military service of draft-eligible men as opposed to mechanisms unrelated to service such as “draft dodging.” These findings provide evidence of a causal link between the military service of parents and their children.

Effect of Light/Dark Cycle on Wheel Running and Responding Reinforced by the Opportunity to Run Depends on Postsession Feeding Time

2008 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 391-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. W. Belke ◽  
A. R. Mandrona ◽  
K. M. Conrad ◽  
K. F. Poirier ◽  
K. L. Pickering
Keyword(s):  
Wheel Running ◽  
Feeding Time ◽  
Dark Cycle ◽  
Effect Of Light

scholarly journals Effect of light/dark cycle on nitrate and phosphate removal from synthetic wastewater based on BG11 medium by Scenedesmus sp.

3 Biotech ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adnan Habibi ◽  
Ghorban Ali Nematzadeh ◽  
Farshid Pajoum shariati ◽  
Hossein Delavari Amrei ◽  
Abolghasem Teymouri
Keyword(s):  
Phosphate Removal ◽  
Synthetic Wastewater ◽  
Dark Cycle ◽  
Bg11 Medium ◽  
Effect Of Light

scholarly journals Spontaneous Blink Rate Correlates With Financial Risk Taking

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Sherman ◽  
Robert C Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Video Recording ◽  
Risk Attitude ◽  
Blink Rate ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Risky Decision ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Indirect Measure ◽  
General Role

AbstractDopamine has long been thought to play a role in risky decision-making, with higher tonic levels of dopamine associated with more risk seeking behavior. In this work, we aimed to shed more light on this relationship using spontaneous blink rate as an indirect measure of dopamine. In particular we used video recording to measure blink rate and a decision-making survey to measure risk taking in 45 participants. Consistent with previous work linking dopamine to risky decisions, we found a strong positive correlation between blink rate and the number of risky choices a participant made. This correlation was not dependent on age or gender and was identical for both gain and loss framing. This work suggests that dopamine plays a crucial and quite general role in determining risk attitude across the population and validates this simple method of probing dopamine for decision-making research.

scholarly journals Relative Risk Perceptions between Snus and Cigarettes in a Snus-Prevalent Society—An Observational Study over a 16 Year Period

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 879 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl Lund ◽  
Tord Vedoy
Keyword(s):  
Relative Risk ◽  
Risk Score ◽  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Risk Scores ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Indirect Measure ◽  
The Us ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Swedish Snus

Background: Most studies on perceived risks of smokeless tobacco products (SLT) have been conducted in the U.S., and the vast majority conclude that perceptions of the relative harmfulness of SLT versus cigarettes in the population are inconsistent with epidemiologically-based risk estimates, and typically conflated to that of cigarettes. We tested whether such inaccuracies also existed in Norway, where SLT-products are less toxic (Swedish snus) and SLT use is more prevalent than in the U.S. Methods: Over a 16 years period (2003–2018), 13,381 respondents (aged 16–79 years) answered questions about risk perceptions in Statistics Norway’s nationally representative survey of tobacco behavior. We applied an indirect measure of comparative harm where risk beliefs for eight nicotine products were assessed independently of other products and then compared the answers. The wording of the question was: “We will now mention a variety of nicotine products and ask you how harmful you think daily use of these are. Use a scale from 1 to 7, where 1 is slightly harmful and 7 is very harmful”. Mean scores with 95% confidence intervals were calculated. Results: The overall risk score for cigarettes was 6.48. The risk score for snus was 5.14–79.3% of the risk score of cigarettes. The relative risk scores for e-cigarettes (3.78) and NRT products (3.39) was 58.4% and 52.3% when compared to cigarettes. Perceptions of risk were stable over time. A strong association was observed between perceived risk of snus and having used snus in attempts to quit smoking. Conclusion: Perceptions of relative risk between snus and cigarettes is inconsistent with estimates from medical expert committees, which assess the overall health risk from use of Swedish snus to be minor when compared to the risk from smoking. Like the situation in the US, incorrect beliefs about SLT risks seem to be prevalent also in the snus-prevalent Norwegian setting. Accurate information on differential harms needs to be communicated. Future research should try to identify reasons why health authorities in the US and Scandinavia allow these well-documented misconceptions to persist.

The effect of photoperiod on the timing of larval release in the Mediterranean brood-care polychaete Eupolymnia nebulosa (Terebellida)

2003 ◽  
Vol 83 (6) ◽  
pp. 1227-1228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Nozais ◽  
Jean Claude Duchêne ◽  
François Charles ◽  
Sébastien Mas
Keyword(s):  
Brood Care ◽  
Dark Cycle ◽  
Larval Release ◽  
Larval Emergence ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Effect Of Light

The effect of light–dark cycle on the timing of larval release from jelly masses of the Mediterranean polychaete Eupolymnia nebulosa (Terebellida) was investigated. The larval emergence from the jelly mass occurs mainly during daylight. Results suggest that the larvae of E. nebulosa do not track the light–dark cycle endogenously.

scholarly journals 1-2 Test

2009 ◽  
Vol 92 (6) ◽  
pp. 1846-1850 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Feldsine ◽  
Thomas Hammack
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Response ◽  
Peanut Butter ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
Statistical Analyses ◽  
Paired Samples ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Contamination Levels ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Research Institute

Abstract A study was conducted to determine the efficacy of detecting low contamination levels of Salmonella in peanut butter using the 1-2 Test. This study was conducted under the AOAC Research Institute Emergency Response Validation program. A set of samples was analyzed by the 1-2 Test and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration's Bacteriological Analytical Manual reference method. Among the 90 total samples and controls, 32 samples were positive by the 1-2 Test and the reference method. Statistical analyses of these paired samples indicated that for all levels analyzed, the difference between the 1-2 Test and reference method results were not statistically different at the 5 level.

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