Prediction of Myostatin on Carcass Composition in Crossbred Lambs

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 19-19
Author(s):  
Susan M Justice ◽  
Lexi Thomas ◽  
Maslyn Greene ◽  
Susan K Duckett ◽  
Elliot Jesch
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Analysis ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Consumer Acceptance ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Acid Ratio ◽  
The Right ◽  
Dxa Scans

Abstract In order to maintain consumer acceptance of lamb meat, producers are aiming to produce leaner lambs through breeding for certain carcass characteristics. The Texel breed is known for its superior muscling phenotype due to a myostatin mutation. Because of this mutation, Texel and Texel cross lambs have been shown to have improved carcass lean with less fat in various locations throughout the carcass. The objective of this study was to observe the impacts of different sire and dam breeds on carcass composition. Lambs (n = 41) were produced by mating two dam breeds (Southdown or Suffolk) and two sire breeds (Southdown or Texel). Lambs were harvested and a hot carcass weight was obtained. At 24 h postmortem, a chilled carcass weight was taken, and each carcass was split in half. The left side of the carcass was cut into the four primal cuts and scanned using a DXA. The right half was used for standard carcass variables. After DXA scans, each primal was weighed and the major muscles were dissected from the primal cuts and weighed. Subsamples of muscles were used for total lipid analysis and Warner-Bratzler Shear Force testing. DXA scans showed a difference in the primal cut mass (P = 0.0207) with the Suffolk-Texel cross having the highest average primal cut mass at 12.52 kg. Southdown-Southdown lambs had the highest fat percentage (dam P = 0.0398; sire P = 0.0116). Dam breed had a more significant effect on muscle toughness (P < 0.0035). Southdown sired lambs had a higher SFA (P = 0.0046) and MUFA (P < .0001) but Texel sired lambs had a higher overall fatty acid ratio (P < .0001). On average, the Suffolk-Texel cross was shown to have heavier average weight for the primal cuts in the rack and leg, which are where some of the more profitable cuts of meat are located.

Carcass characteristics of heavyweight crossbred lambs. II.* Carcass composition and partitioning of fat

1979 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 1207 ◽  
Author(s):  
JM Thompson ◽  
KD Atkins ◽  
AR Gilmour
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Ewe Lambs ◽  
Intermuscular Fat

Half-carcasses of 108 wether and ewe lambs from six genotypes, slaughtered at 34, 44 and 54 kg liveweight, were dissected into subcutaneous fat, intermuscular fat, muscle, bone and connective tissue. The six genotypes were the progeny of Dorset Horn and Border Leicester rams mated to Merino, Corriedale and Border Leicester x Merino first-cross ewes. As carcass weight increased, the proportion of subcutaneous and intermuscular fat increased (b > 1 ; P < 0.05) and the proportion of muscle and bone decreased (b < 1; P < 0.05). Lambs sired by Border Leicester rams had more subcutaneous fat (12.7%), more intermuscular fat (7.6%) and more bone (5.7%) than lambs sired by Dorset Horn rams at the same carcass weight (P< 0.05). Similarly, lambs sired by Dorset Horn rams had more muscle (7.2%) than lambs sired by Border Leicester rams at the same carcass weight (P < 0.05). Breed of dam had no effect on carcass composition. Wether lambs had a greater proportion of bone (5.7%) than ewe lambs at the same carcass weight (P < 0.05). The breed of sire effect and the lack of a breed of dam effect on carcass composition, in conjunction with estimated mature weights for the breeds, suggest possible differences between sire and dam breeds in the partitioning of fat between the carcass and non-carcass depots. ____________________ *Part I, Aust. J. Agric. Res., 30: 1197 (1979).

A caliper for determining carcass composition in live cattle and skin-on carcass

1983 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 825 ◽  
Author(s):  
ER Johnson ◽  
CB Davis
Keyword(s):  
Rectal Wall ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Linear Measurements ◽  
Muscle Weight ◽  
Fat Thickness ◽  
Thickness Measurements ◽  
Skinfold Caliper ◽  
Made In

A Harpenden Skinfold Caliper used to predict body density in man was modified for use in cattle. It was used to measure thickness of the anal fold, caudal fold and rectal wall in 34 live steers or their skinon carcasses (hot dressed weight 139-339 kg). The value of these measurements in determining carcass fat and carcass muscle was compared with that of 10th and 12th rib fat thickness measurements made in the carcass. Hot carcass weight was the best predictor of side fat weight and side muscle weight. Side fat percentage and side muscle percentage were most accurately predicted by 12th rib and 10th rib fat thickness, followed by live then single-shackle anal fold fat thickness. The three caudal fold measurements and rectal wall thickness were poor predictors. Addition of hot carcass weight to all linear measurements markedly improved the prediction of side fat weight and side muscle weight, but nor side fat percentage and, only marginally, side muscle percentage. Single-shackle anal fold fat thickness, slightly less accurate than the live measurement, was the most useful skin-on measurement. The spring-operated caliper described can be used to determine carcass fatness and carcass lean in live steers with an accuracy closely approaching that of 12th rib fat thickness in the carcass.

Quantitative anatomical studies of the composition of the pig at 50, 68 and 92 kg. carcass weight I. Experimental material and methods

1962 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Cuthbertson ◽  
R. W. Pomeroy
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Large White ◽  
Anatomical Studies ◽  
Fat Deposits ◽  
Intermuscular Fat ◽  
Dissection Technique

1. The object of the experiment was to make a detailed investigation of the carcass composition of Large White hogs at 68, 91 and 118 kg. live weight (i.e. 50, 68 and 92 kg. carcass weight). Ten hogs were dissected at each stage.2. A dissection technique suitable for this investigation is described, involving the dissection of one side into individual bones and muscles, subcutaneous and intermuscular fat deposits, skin, tendon, glands and blood vessels. Some possible modifications of the method for future investigations are also discussed.3. The complete dissection of one side took approximately 110 man-hours and the average weight loss in dissection was 0·798%.

scholarly journals PSIX-19 Effects of ValiMP® supplementation on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and pork quality in growing-finishing pigs

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 344-345
Author(s):  
Min Young Park ◽  
Sun-woo Choi ◽  
Jonggun Kim ◽  
Minjin Kwak ◽  
Kwang-Youn Whang
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Quality Criteria ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Pork Quality ◽  
Meat Tenderness ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Longissimus Dorsi Muscle

Abstract ValiMP® is a mixture of phytochemical compounds containing manganese. An experiment was carried out to evaluate the effects of ValiMP® on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and pork quality in growing-finishing pigs. The trial was conducted in a 2x3 factorial design with two levels of CP (LP, 15% or HP, 16%), and three types of supplements (Control; 10 ppm ractopamine; or 0.25% ValiMP®). Dietary treatments were: LC (Low CP+control), LR (Low CP+ractopamine), LV (Low CP+ValiMP®), HC (High CP+control), HR (High CP+ractopamine), HV (High CP+ValiMP®). A total of 144 growing pigs at 50 kg initial body weight (BW) were allotted and fed one of the experimental diets for 70 days. But ractopamine in LR and HR treatments was supplemented during the last 35 days. BW and feed intake were measured weekly, and pork quality was determined in longissimus dorsi muscle. All values were statistically analyzed using ANOVA procedure of SAS 9.4 software and differences at P &lt; 0.05 level were considered significantly different. Results showed dietary ractopamine or ValiMP® supplementation numerically promoted growth performance compared to control in HP treatments, although the extent was lesser in ValiMP® treatment. Ractopamine or ValiMP® also improved carcass composition in HP compared to LP. Lean percentage in HR was higher than in LR by 4.3%, and it was greater in HV than in LV by 5.9%, (P &lt; 0.05). These changes occurred at the expense of fat percentage (P &lt; 0.05). Among pork quality criteria, water-holding capacity determined by filter-paper fluid uptake method was significantly lower in HV than those in HC and HR (P &lt; 0.05). Warner-Bratzler shear force, an indicative for meat tenderness, exhibited lower values in HV and HC than that in HR (P &lt; 0.05). Overall, our results suggest ValiMP® improves growth performance and carcass composition with lesser extent to ractopamine, and pork quality more than ractopamine.

Sustained growth promotion, carcass characteristics, and meat quality of steers treated with oestradiol-17b

2000 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 133 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Hunter ◽  
T. Magner ◽  
P. G. Allingham
Keyword(s):  
Meat Quality ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Tropical Pastures

The experiment measured the effect of 2 hormonal growth promotion strategies on growth rate, carcass characteristics, and some objective measurements of meat quality of steers. Bos indicus × Bos taurus crossbred steers grazing improved tropical pastures were divided into 3 treatment groups: unimplanted controls, implantation once with a long-acting formulation containing 45 mg oestradiol-17β (Compudose 400, Elanco Animal Health, West Ryde, NSW), implantation every 105 days with a shorter acting formulation containing 20 mg oestradiol-17β (Compudose 100) (4 implantations). Over a 420-day experimental period, steers implanted several times with oestradiol gained significantly (P < 0.001) more weight (279 kg) than those implanted once (251 kg) and the controls (230 kg). Respective carcass weights were 270, 255, and 244 kg. At the same carcass weight, oestradiol treatment had no significant effect on beef yield or carcass fatness. Increased total beef yields from implanted steers were associated with increased carcass weight, rather than significant modification of carcass composition. Treatment had no significant effect on any of the objective measures of meat quality studied, including ultimate pH, peak force, compression, and adhesion.

scholarly journals Estimation of carcass characteristics in young beef cattle

1975 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 385-444
Author(s):  
Hilkka Ruohomäki
Keyword(s):  
Stepwise Regression ◽  
Least Squares Method ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
Carcass Quality ◽  
Bull Calves

In the present study the main objectives were to determine whether sufficiently accurate estimation of live weight, carcass weight and carcass composition with live measurements is possible, and whether an accurate estimation of carcass composition with any other procedure than total carcass dissection is possible. The material consisted of 205 1-year old steers and bulls and 174 bull calves. Within experiment each trait of each animal was corrected for age, breed and feeding with a correction factor obtained with the least squares method. In the stepwise regression analysis the results for both age groups were analysed separately. From live measurements the best estimators in both age groups were width of chest, heart girth and natural length. The most reliable predictor of meat quantity was carcass weight. Revalue was 96 % for both age groups. In estimation of meat percentage the Revalue obtained for the olds with cutting results of fore shanks was 56 %, the respective value for the 1-year olds was considerably lower. With 1-yearolds the carcass weight and some byproducts gave the highest estimations for the quantity and percentage of fat, R2 were 62 % and 50 % respectively, and for the 14-yearolds the kidney fats and the cutting results of flanks gave the highest estimations, R2 were 70 % and 59 % respectively. For the quantity and percentage of bone the R2 for the 1-yearolds obtained with cutting results of shanks were 68 % and 55 % respectively, and for the 14-year olds 82 % and 70 % respectively. When the cutting results of the fore and hind quarters were used as estimators the R2 obtained for all the traits were higher in both age groups than with any other estimator, R2 obtained with carcass quality scores remained lower.

scholarly journals The Effect of Dried Blood Rumen Content Mixture (D BRCM) on Carcass Characteristics of SASSO C44 Broiler Chicks

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 166
Author(s):  
Melkamu Bezabih Yitbarek ◽  
Berhan Tamir ◽  
Ashenafi Mengistu
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Abdominal Fat ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Carcass Yield ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Dressing Percentage

The experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of dried bloodrumen content mixture (DBRCM) on carcass characteristics of broiler chicks to replace soybean meal (SBM). A total of 225 unsexed day old broiler chicks (SASSO C44) were randomly distributed to five dietary treatment groups in a completely randomized design. Each treatment was replicated thrice with 15 birds per replicate. The experimental diets were formulated to contain 100%SBM+0%DBRCM (T1), 80%SBM+20% DBRCM (T2),60%SBM+ 40% DBRCM (T3), 40%SBM+60% DBRCM(T4) and 20%SBM+80% DBRCM (T5) in 56 days of age. At the end of the experiment, two male and two female birds per replicate were used to determine carcass characteristics. The result revealed that the edible carcass yield ranged from 977.9-1159.3g. The dressing percentage based on the edible carcass weight was 63.9 % (T1), 66.6 % (T2), 65.4 (T3), 64.2% (T4) and 63.1% (T5). There was no a significant difference (P>0.05) in both edible carcass yield and its dressing percentage. The commercial carcass weight was 937.4g (T1), 984.7g (T2), 962.0g (T3), 925.0g (T4) and 833.1g (T5) and the dressing percentage was 54.9%, 56.6%, 55.3%, 53.7% and 53.7% for T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5, respectively. Significant difference (P>0.05) was not observed in commercial carcass yield and its dressing percentage among the treatment groups. There was no a statistical marked difference (P>0.05) in total nonedible offal and edible offal. Females had more (P<0.05) breast meat than that of males. The abdominal fat and abdominal fat percentage were not significantly influenced (P>0.05) by a diet containing DBRCM. However, abdominal fat and its fat percentage were higher (P<0.05) in females than males. Based on this result, it could be concluded that DBRCM can replace soybean meal up to 80% substitution level without any adverse effect on carcass characteristics.

scholarly journals PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS AND CARCASS CHARACTERISTICS OF SANTA INÊS SHEEP USING MULTIVARIATE TECHNICS

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 1150-1157
Author(s):  
TARLAN OLIVEIRA MILANÊS ◽  
LUCIANA FELIZARDO PEREIRA SOARES ◽  
MARIA NORMA RIBEIRO ◽  
FRANCISCO FERNANDO RAMOS DE CARVALHO
Keyword(s):  
Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Total Variation ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Carbohydrate Intake ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Multivariate Techniques ◽  
Linear Combinations ◽  
Carcass Yield ◽  
Santa Inês

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to apply multivariate analysis techniques such as principal component and canonical discriminant analyses to a set of performance and carcass data of Santa Inês sheep, to identify the relationships and select the variables that best explain the total variation of the data, in addition to quantifying an association between performance and carcass characteristics. The main components generated were efficient in reducing a cumulative total variation of 25 original variables correlated to four linear combinations, which together explained 80% of the total variation of the data. The first two principal components together explained approximately 65% of the total variation of the variables analyzed. In the first two linear combinations, the characteristics with the highest factor loading coefficients were cold carcass weight (CCW), hot carcass weight (HCW), empty body weight (EBW), average weight (AW), croup width (CW), cold carcass yield (CCY), and hot carcass yield (HCY). The variables selected in the canonical discriminant analysis, in order of importance, were total carbohydrate intake (TCI), total digestible nitrogen intake (TDNI), dry matter intake (DMI), non-fibrous carbohydrate intake (NFI), and fiber detergent neutral intake (NDFI). The first canonical root shows a correlation coefficient of approximately 0.82, showing a high association between the performance variables. The classification errors in the discriminant analysis were less than 5%, which were probably due to the similarity between individuals for the studied traits. The multivariate techniques were adequate and efficient in simplifying the sample space and classifying the animals in their original groups.

scholarly journals The influence of the beef bull breed on carcass weight and yield of male offspring

2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-257
Author(s):  
R. Petraskienė ◽  
N. Peciulaitienė ◽  
V. Jukna ◽  
E. Meskinytė-Kausilienė ◽  
J. Klementaviciūtė ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Male Offspring ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Beef Breed ◽  
Male Sex ◽  
Beef Bull ◽  
The Right

The aim of this study was to investigate of beef breeds - Hereford (HE), Charolais (CH) Limousine (LI), Simmental (SM), Belgian Blue (BB) and Salers (SA) - of the bulls, which are used for dairy cows and heifers insemination, influence on male sex offspring carcass weight and yield. In this article, for analysis were used of all in 7 months in one slaughterhouse slaughtered bulls 12-30 months of age data. Of these 689 crossbreeds, whose cow was dairy and bull was beef breed. For this study was used only crossbreeds (689 bulls) data. This is the thirty-six (36) bull offspring from 546 farms. Bulls were divided into groups according to age during slaughter (12-18 months, 18-24 months, 24-30 months). Studies have shown, that the father's breed at different growth periods had a different effect on carcass traits of crossbreeds. Therefore, the crossbreeding use on purpose to improve dairy breeds offspring carcass characteristics, it is necessary to carefully choose the right breed for crossbreeding, bearing in mind, what age of the offspring will be slaughtered.

Productivity and carcass characteristics of steer progeny from friesian, canadian hereford and simmental bulls and friesian cows

1992 ◽  
Vol 1992 ◽  
pp. 189-189
Author(s):  
M.G. Keane
Keyword(s):  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Dairy Herds ◽  
Friesian Cows

The Simmental is replacing the Hereford for crossng on dairy herds. To improve the productivity of the Hereford, bulls of the Canadian strain have been imported. The objectives of the present work were (1) to compare the growth and carcass composition of Friesian, Canadian Hereford x Friesian and Simmental x Friesian steers, and (2) to determine the effects of two levels of supplementary concentrates during finishing, and duration of the finishing period on carcass weight and composition.

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