Strategies of inorganic and organic trace mineral supplementation in gestating hyperprolific sow diets: effects on the offspring performance and fetal programming

Abstract The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of trace mineral nutrition on sow performance, mineral content, and intestinal gene expression of neonate piglets when inorganic mineral sources (ITM) were partially replaced by their organic mineral (OTM) counterparts. At 35 d post-mating, under commercial conditions, a total of 240 hyperprolific multiparous sows were allocated into three experimental diets: 1) ITM: with Zn, Cu, and Mn at 80, 15, and 60 mg/kg, respectively; 2) Replace: with a 30 % replacement of ITM by OTM, resulting in ITM + OTM supplementation of Zn (56 + 24 mg/kg), Cu (10.5 + 4.5 mg/kg), and Mn (42 + 18 mg/kg); and 3) Reduce and replace (R&R): reducing a 50 % of the ITM source of Zn (40 + 24 mg/kg), Cu (7.5 + 4.5 mg/kg), and Mn (30 + 18 mg/kg). At farrowing, 40 piglets were selected, based on birth weight (light: < 800 g, and average: > 1,200 g), for sampling. Since the present study aimed to reflect results under commercial conditions, it was difficult to get an equal parity number between the experimental diets. Overall, no differences between experimental diets on sow reproductive performance were observed. Light piglets had a lower mineral content (P < 0.05) and a downregulation of several genes (P < 0.10) involved in physiological functions compared to their average littermates. Neonate piglets born from Replace sows had an upregulation of genes involved in functions like: Immunity and Gut barrier, compared to those born from ITM sows (P < 0.10), particularly in light piglets. In conclusion, the partial replacement of ITM by their OTM counterparts represents an alternative to the totally inorganic supplementation with improvements on neonate piglet gene expression, particularly in the smallest piglets of the litter. The lower trace mineral storage together with the greater downregulation of gut health genes exposed the immaturity and vulnerability of small piglets.

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338EFFECT OF TRACE MINERAL NUTRITION ON FOLLICULAR RESPONSE, OVULATION, AND EMBRYO PRODUCTION IN SUPEROVULATED ANGUS HEIFERS

Reproduction Fertility and Development ◽

10.1071/rdv16n1ab338 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. 289 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

G.C. Lamb ◽

D.R. Brown ◽

R.C. Wasson ◽

J.E. Larson ◽

C.R. Dahlen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Transrectal Ultrasound ◽

Latin Square ◽

Dose Schedule ◽

Trace Mineral ◽

Embryo Production ◽

Mineral Supplement ◽

Mineral Supplementation ◽

Des Moines ◽

Organic Mineral ◽

Angus Heifers

We determined whether trace mineral supplementation prior to embryo collection affected embryo production and quality. Twenty half-sibling, Angus heifers originating from a common herd were assigned to three treatment groups using a 3×3 latin square design and three rotations of the treatments: (1) heifers received no added mineral to their diet (Control;; n=53); (2) heifers received a commercially available organic mineral supplement (Organic;; Albion Cattle Breeder Pak, Des Moines, IA, USA;; n=52); and (3) heifers received an isomineral, all inorganic mineral supplement (Inorganic;; Inorganic Breeder Pak, Albion, Des Moines, IA, USA;; n=55). All heifers had ad libitum access to hay and were fed a supplement containing corn and soybean meal. Heifers received a 25-mg injection of PGF on Day −23 at which point individual feeding of the corn/soybean/mineral supplement was initiated and fed at recommended levels until the day of embryo collection. All heifers were monitored for signs of estrus, but regardless, all heifers received a 1-mg injection of estradiol cypionate (ECP;; Pharmacia, Kalamazoo, MI, USA) and a CIDR (Pharmacia) on Day −16. From Day −12 to Day −8 heifers received 29mg of follicle stimulating hormone (pFSH, batch 9109, Sioux Biochemical, Sioux Center, IA, USA) in a twice daily decreasing dose schedule. On Day −9 heifers received two 5-mg injections of PGF (AM and PM) and the CIDR was removed in the PM. All heifers were inseminated artificially at 36, 48, and 60h after CIDR removal. On Day 0, embryos were recovered using a nonsurgical procedure and were evaluated under a stereomicroscope. Heifers were given a 45-day adaption period of no mineral supplementation before initiating a new treatment as above. On Days −12, −7, and 0, ovaries were scanned via transrectal ultrasound to determine the presence and number of follicles and CL in each ovary. There were no treatment differences in the number of heifers with a CL on Day −12, the total number of follicles on Day −7, or the total numbers of CL and unovulated follicles on Day 0. Although the total number of recovered ova/embryos were similar among groups (4.2±0.6, 3.6±0.6, and 3.3±0.6 for Control, Inorganic, and Organic heifers, respectively), the number of unfertilized oocytes was greater (P<0.05) in Inorganic (2.3±0.4) than in Organic (0.8±0.4) heifers, whereas Control heifers were intermediate (1.3±0.4). In addition, Control heifers had a greater (P<0.10) number of degenerate embryos (0.9±0.2) than Organic (0.3±0.2) or Inorganic (0.3±0.2) heifers. Organic heifers produced a greater number (P<0.10) of transferable embryos (2.2±0.4) than Inorganic heifers (1.1±0.4), with Control heifers intermediate (2.0±0.4). We conclude that heifer and mineral rotation accounted for the greatest differences in embryo production and quality. However, feeding an Organic mineral tended to increase the production of transferable embryos in purebred Angus heifers.

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Water amino acid-chelated trace mineral supplementation decreases circulating and intestinal HSP70 and proinflammatory cytokine gene expression in heat-stressed broiler chickens

Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.1093/jas/skaa049 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 98 (3) ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Mikayla F A Baxter ◽

Elizabeth S Greene ◽

Michael T Kidd ◽

Guillermo Tellez-Isaias ◽

Sara Orlowski ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Body Weight ◽

Heat Stress ◽

Amino Acid ◽

Growth Performance ◽

Cytokine Gene Expression ◽

Control Group ◽

Poultry Production ◽

Trace Mineral ◽

Mineral Supplementation

Abstract Heat stress (HS) is a financial and physiological burden on the poultry industry and the mitigation of the adverse effects of HS is vital to poultry production sustainability. The purpose of this study was, therefore, to determine the effects of an amino acid-chelated trace mineral supplement on growth performance, stress and inflammatory markers, and meat quality in heat-stressed broilers. One day-old Cobb 500 male broilers (n = 480) were allocated into 12 environmental chambers (24 floor pens) and divided into two groups: one group supplemented with amino acid-chelated trace mineral in drinking water and one control group. On day 28, birds were subjected to chronic heat stress (HS, 2 wk, 35 °C and 20% to 30% RH) or maintained at thermoneutral condition (TN, 24 °C) in a 2 × 2 factorial design. Feed intake (FI), water consumption, and body weight were recorded. At day 42, serum fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran (FITC-D) levels, blood gas, electrolyte, and stress markers were measured. Jejunum samples were collected to measure gene expression of stress, inflammation, and tight junction proteins. The rest of the birds were processed to evaluate carcass traits. HS resulted in an increase in core body temperature, which increased water intake and decreased FI, body weight, and feed efficiency (P < 0.05). HS reduced carcass yield and the weight of all parts (P < 0.05). HS significantly increased levels of circulating corticosterone (CORT), heat shock protein 70 (HSP70), interleukin 18 (IL-18), tumor necrosis factor alpha, C-reactive protein, and nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain leucine-rich repeat and pyrin domain-containing 3 expression. HS significantly increased serum FITC-D levels and the expression of HSP70 and IL-18 in the jejunum. Although it did not affect the growth performance, amino acid-chelated trace mineral supplementation reversed the effect of HS by reducing CORT and FITC-D levels and the expression of stress and proinflammatory cytokines in the circulation and the jejunum. However, it upregulated these parameters in birds maintained under TN conditions. Together, these data indicate that the amino acid-chelated trace mineral might alleviate stress and inflammation and improve gut integrity in heat-stressed but not thermoneutral broilers.

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98  Growth and mineral content of tall fescue grown in manure extracts from horses fed varying trace mineral sources and levels

Journal of Equine Veterinary Science ◽

10.1016/j.jevs.2021.103561 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 100 ◽

pp. 103561

Author(s):

A.L. Fowler ◽

M. Brümmer-Holder

Keyword(s):

Tall Fescue ◽

Mineral Content ◽

Trace Mineral ◽

Mineral Sources

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Transgenic Overexpression of Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase Is Associated with Induction of Osteoblast Gene Expression and Increased Cortical Bone Mineral Content and Density

Cells Tissues Organs ◽

10.1159/000330806 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 196 (1) ◽

pp. 68-81 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Per Gradin ◽

Karin Hollberg ◽

A. Ian Cassady ◽

Pernilla Lång ◽

Göran Andersson

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Acid Phosphatase ◽

Bone Mineral Content ◽

Cortical Bone ◽

Bone Mineral ◽

Mineral Content ◽

Tartrate Resistant Acid Phosphatase

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PSIII-25 The effects of varying levels of trace mineral supplementation on mineral balance and antibody concentrations in feedlot cattle

Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.1093/jas/skab235.528 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽

pp. 287-288

Author(s):

Brittany A Lippy ◽

Blake K Wilson ◽

Colton A Robison

Keyword(s):

Negative Control ◽

Feedlot Cattle ◽

Trace Mineral ◽

Herpesvirus Type ◽

Diarrhea Virus ◽

Mineral Supplementation ◽

Normal Ranges ◽

Bovine Herpesvirus Type 1 ◽

Trends Over Time ◽

Viral Diarrhea Virus

Abstract Trace mineral (TM) supplementation is critical for optimal performance and health. The objective was to determine the effects of varying levels of TM supplementation on feedlot cattle TM status and antibody concentrations. Angus steers (n = 240; BW = 291 kg ± 27.4) were stratified by arrival BW and source and assigned to 1 of 4 treatments (12 pens/treatment; 5 steers/pen). Treatments included a negative control (CON) in which cattle received no TM supplementation, a requirement treatment (1X) in which cattle received added TM at 2016 Nutrient Requirements of Beef Cattle required levels, a 2 times requirements (2X), and a 4 times requirements (4X) treatment. Selenium was included at 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3 mg/kg for 1X, 2X, and 4X respectively. Treatments were chosen based on reported TM supplementation levels from the 2015 Feedlot Consulting Nutritionist Survey. One steer was chosen at random from each pen to be evaluated for serum and liver TM status and antibody concentrations to respiratory viruses. There was treatment × day interaction for serum Co, and liver Cu and Se (P < 0.0001). Serum Co was greatest for the 4X treatment from d 28 through harvest. Liver Cu was greatest for the 2X and 4X treatments from d 56 through harvest. Liver Se was greatest for 2X and 4X from d 28 through harvest. There was an effect of day on liver Co, Fe, Mn, Mo, and Zn (P < 0.0001) and serum Cu, Mn, Mo, Se, and Zn (P < 0.0019). Concentrations for individual TM had different trends over time, however, all reported values were within normal ranges. Serum Zn was greater at harvest (P = .02). There was an effect of time on Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus Type 1A, Bovine Herpesvirus Type 1, Bovine Parainfluenza 3 virus antibody titer concentrations (P < 0.0001).

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