PSXIII-12 Exploring nutritional differences of canola seeds and bio-processing co-products (meals, pellets) from different processing plants/companies in Canada and China for dairy cattle

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 461-462
Author(s):  
A Oliveira ◽  
P Yu
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Canola Meal ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Livestock Feed ◽  
Step Procedure ◽  
Processing Plants ◽  
Low Erucic Acid ◽  
Intestinal Digestibility

Abstract Canola was created as a low erucic acid and low glucosinolate seed, to produce high quality oil for human consumption and meal for use in livestock feed. China is an important user of Canadian canola products (seeds, oil, and meal). The extraction of the oil from the seed produces a co-product called canola meal. This meal is rich in protein and is used as a protein source in animal diets. However, differences in the characteristics of the seeds, or processing methods during oil extraction may affect the quality of this co-product. Plus, the synthesis of tissues and milk is related to the amino acids available to the animal for absorption in the small intestine. This study aimed to determine if there are significant differences in the intestinal digestibility (in vitro) of CP and DM between canola seeds and meals from different companies in Canada and to determine if there are significant differences between them in Canada and China. The three-step procedure was applied on residues from a 12-hour rumen incubation in fistulated dairy cows to estimate the intestinal digestibility of CP and DM. There were significant differences (P < 0.05) for TDDM (Total digestible dry matter) and IDP (intestinal digestibility of protein) of the meals between countries. The samples from China had higher TDDM (83.76% versus 81.53%, P = 0.018), while Canada’s had higher IDP (68.51% versus 65.28%, P = 0.016). No significant differences were observed within countries. Based on the material analyzed during this study, it is safe to affirm that there are no significant differences in the digestibility of DM and CP between Canada and China. It was concluded that the quality of the canola seeds or meals produced in both Canada and China were similar when used in dairy rations. Key words: canola seeds and bio-processing co-products (meals, pellets), nutritional differences, dairy cows

Nutritive value for lactating dairy cows of the pressed herbage remaining after the partial extraction of leaf juice

1981 ◽  
Vol 21 (111) ◽  
pp. 376 ◽  
Author(s):  
CR Stockdale ◽  
KR King ◽  
DR McKenzie
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Protein Extraction ◽  
Significant Loss ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows ◽  
Partial Extraction

A series of six experiments compared the production of lactating dairy cows eating either fresh herbage or the pressed herbage remaining after the partial extraction of juice. Irrigated perennial pasture and irrigated lucerne (Medicago sativa) were used in different experiments. With forage-harvested pasture, extraction removed an average of 42.1 g of protein per kg dry matter (DM) of pasture processed. An average of 85% of the DM of the original fresh pasture was left as pressed pasture. The process lowered the in vitro digestibility, total nitrogen, and cell contents of the herbage, and raised the cell wall constituents. It also reduced herbage phosphorus, potassium, magnesium and sodium, but increased herbage calcium slightly. The milk yield of cows fed an equivalent DM intake of pressed residue was, on average, 6% lower than the milk yield of cows fed fresh pasture. The responses shown by the milk constituents were inconsistent. With lucerne, extraction removed an average of 95.9 g of protein from each kg of fresh herbage and an average of 74% of the lucerne was left as pressed lucerne. This reduced the quality of the pressed residue as determined by in vitro digestibility (5%), Kjeldahl nitrogen (19%) and neutral detergent fibre (27%). However, there was no significant loss of production for cows on the pressed herbage, although there were small differences. It is concluded that lucerne would appear to have the greater potential for a leaf protein extraction industry in the irrigated areas of the Goulburn Valley of Victoria.

scholarly journals Nutritive Value of Tomato Pomace for Ruminants and Its Influence on In Vitro Methane Production

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos N. Marcos ◽  
Trinidad de Evan ◽  
Eduarda Molina-Alcaide ◽  
M. D. Carro
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Barley Straw ◽  
In Vitro Fermentation ◽  
Tomato Pomace ◽  
Processing Plants ◽  
Intestinal Digestibility

The objective of this study was to determine the variability in nutritive value for ruminants of tomato pomace (TP) samples and analyze its effect on in vitro fermentation when it was included in a high-concentrate diet. Twelve TP samples were obtained from two processing plants at weekly intervals and analyzed for chemical composition, in vitro rumen fermentation, and intestinal digestibility. The chemical composition of TP did not differ between processing plants and only slight variations were observed among sampling times. Tomato pomace had a low dry matter content (<300 g/kg), a high content of neutral detergent fiber, crude protein, and ether extract (572, 160, and 82.7 g/kg dry matter on average, respectively), and was rapidly fermented in the rumen. Protein degradability at 16 h in situ incubation was 510 g/kg and in vitro intestinal digestibility of protein was low (430–475 g/kg). Replacing soybean meal and barley straw by dried TP increased the in vitro fermentation rate and the production of volatile fatty acids and reduced NH3-N concentrations without affecting CH4. In summary, TP samples showed little variability in nutritive value over sampling time and TP of up to 180 g/kg could be included in high-concentrate diets without negatively affecting rumen fermentation.

The Nutritional quality of the white worm (Agathymus remingtoni Stallings & Turner Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae) of maguey lechuguilla (Agave lechuguilla Torrey)

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leodan T. Rodríguez-Ortega ◽  
Héctor González-Hernández ◽  
Jorge M. Valdez-Carrasco ◽  
Arturo Pro-Martínez ◽  
Fernando González-Cerón ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
San Francisco ◽  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Livestock Feed ◽  
Calcium And Phosphorus

Objective: to evaluate the nutritional quality of white worm larvae (Agathymus remingtoni) of the maguey lechuguilla plant (Agave lechuguilla).Design/Methodology/Approach: samples of A. remingtoni larvae were collected from the stems and leaves of wild maguey lechuguilla that grows in the hills of the community of San Francisco, Municipality of Epazoyucan, in the state of Hidalgo, Mexico. Proximate analysis was performed and the calcium and phosphorus contents were determined inlarvae samples.Results: larvae of A. remingtoni had a protein content of 33.69% on a dry basis, and 12.05% on a wet basis. Other results obtained were as follows: ethereal extract 15.97%, dry matter 35.76%, moisture 64.24%, ash 0.82%, crude fiber 0.85%, free nitrogen extract 6.07, calcium 0.40%, and phosphorus 0.56%.Limitations/Implications: During: in the literature review carried out, no reports were found on the nutritional quality of the white worm (Agathymus remingtoni) of maguey lechuguilla (Agave lechuguilla).Findings/Conclusions: Agathymus remingtoni larvae have excellent nutritional content, which makes them an alternative source of protein, fat, calcium, and phosphorus for human consumption and livestock feed.

scholarly journals Antilisterial Effect of a Natural Formulation Based on Citrus Extract in Ready-To-Eat Foods

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1475
Author(s):  
Juan José Ariza ◽  
David García-López ◽  
Esperanza Sánchez-Nieto ◽  
Enrique Guillamón ◽  
Alberto Baños ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Challenge Test ◽  
In Vitro Test ◽  
Mozzarella Cheese ◽  
Chemical Additives ◽  
Promising Tool ◽  
Agar Diffusion Test ◽  
Processing Plants ◽  
Citrus Extract

Controlling Listeria in food is a major challenge, especially because it can persist for years in food processing plants. The best option to control this pathogen is the implementation of effective cleaning and disinfection procedures that guarantee the safety and quality of the final products. In addition, consumer trends are changing, being more aware of the importance of food safety and demanding natural foods, minimally processed and free of chemical additives. For this reason, the current consumption model is focusing on the development of preservatives of natural origin, from plants or microorganisms. In sum, this study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial effectiveness of a citrus extract formulation rich in flavonoids against several L. monocytogenes and L. innocua strains, using in vitro test (agar diffusion test, minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), and time-kill curves) and challenge test in food trials (carne mechada, salami, fresh salmon, lettuce, brine, and mozzarella cheese). The results presented in this work show that citrus extract, at doses of 5 and 10%, had a relevant antimicrobial activity in vitro against the target strains tested. Besides this, citrus extract applied on the surface of food had a significant antilisterial activity, mainly in carne mechada and mozzarella cheese, with reductions of up to eight logarithmic units with respect to the control. These results suggest that citrus extract can be considered a promising tool to improve the hygienic quality of ready-to-eat foods.

Influencia del almacenamiento a temperatura y humedad relativa altas sobre la calidad de garbanzo (C icer arietinum L.) Influence of storage at high temperature and high relative humidity on seed quality of chickpea ( Cicer arietinum L.)

2000 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 473-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Reyes-Moreno ◽  
J. Milan-Carrillo ◽  
E. Amienta-Rodelo ◽  
J. Okamura-Esparza
Keyword(s):  
Cicer Arietinum ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Protein Digestibility ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Cicer Arietinum L ◽  
Tropical Conditions

The effect of storage simulating tropical conditions (33-35°C, RH = 75%, 160 days) on seed quality of three chickpea (Cicer arietinum L) varieties for human consumption (Surutato 77, Mocorito 88, and Blanco Sinaloa 92) was studied. Storage induced the hard to cook (HTC) condition in all samples. For all samples, the Hunter L value decreased (p < 0.05) and the total difference in color (AE) increased (p < 0.05) during storage, meaning a loss of color lightness and development of darkening. Accelerated storage caused a significant decrease (p < 0.05) in the water absorption capacity (WAC) and cooking time (CT) of whole seed, cotyledons and seed coat for all samples,; these changes were more pronounced for the Blanco Sinaloa variety. Furthermore, storage produced significant (p < 0.05) decreases in the seed coat tannin content of the three materials; this parameter increased (11 < 0.05) in cotyledons. In all samples, the levels of phytic acid in cotyledons decreased (y < 0.05) with the seed hardness. Hardening of chickpea seeds caused a decrease (y < 0.05) in the in vitro protein digestibility of all varieties. These results allow us to suggest that both cotyledons and seed coat play a significant role in the process of chickpea hardening. Blanco Sinaloa 92 and Mocorito 88 might be classified as varieties with high and low proneness, respectively, to develop the HTC condition.

Variability in the rumen degradability and postruminal digestion of the dry matter, nitrogen and amino acids of canola meal

1991 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 739-754 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. M. Kendall ◽  
J. R. Ingalls ◽  
R. J. Boila
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Canola Meal ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Processing Plants

The rumen degradability and postruminal digestion of rumen escape dry matter (DM), nitrogen (N) and metabolically essential amino acids (EAA) for canola meal (CM) from five different processing plants (samples 1–5) and one sample of soybean meal (SBM) were compared. Rumen degradability was estimated by incubating sample-filled small nylon bags in situ in the rumen of steers for 0, 4, 8, 12, 16 and 30 h. Postruminal digestion was estimated using a sequence of ruminal in situ incubations for 0, 4, 8, 12 and 16 h, in vitro incubation in an acid-pepsin solution and a mobile nylon bag technique distal to the abomasum. The rumen escape of nutrients for CM1 was consistently lower compared to other CM samples, while CM4 resulted in the highest escape of nutrients at 30 h. An estimate of maximum degradability of EAA measured at 30 h differed among CM samples, with the rumen escape of EAA being CM4 > CM2 = CM5 ≥ CM1 = CM3 > SBM. The DM, N and EAA content of mobile bag residues was relatively uniform among CM samples, particularly after 12 and 16 h of ruminal fermentation, but was higher for CM than for SBM, probably due to a low digestibility of CM hulls. The rumen degradability of CM from different processing plants differed and as a consequence the postruminal digestion of nutrients in CM differed. Key words: Canola meal, rumen degradability, postruminal digestion, dry matter, nitrogen, amino acids

A Survey of the Microbiological Quality of Kangaroo Carcasses Processed for Human Consumption in Two Processing Plants in Queensland, Australia

2007 ◽  
Vol 70 (5) ◽  
pp. 1249-1251 ◽  
Author(s):  
SOFRONI EGLEZOS ◽  
BIXING HUANG ◽  
ED STUTTARD
Keyword(s):  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Beef Carcasses ◽  
Processing Plants ◽  
Aerobic Plate Count ◽  
Whole Muscle

An investigation of the microbiological quality of kangaroo carcasses at two Queensland processing plants was carried out. A total of 836 whole muscle samples were taken, 801 from plant A and 35 from plant B. Samples were analyzed for aerobic bacteria, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella. The mean adjusted aerobic plate count (APC) was 2.8 log CFU/g, and counts at the 90th, 95th, and 99th percentiles were 4.2, 4.9, and 6.4 log CFU/g, respectively. The maximum number of bacteria recovered was 6.5 log CFU/g. E. coli was detected in 13.9% of samples, for which the adjusted mean was 0.7 log CFU/g, and counts at the 90th, 95th, and 99th percentiles were 1.4, 2.0, and 3.0 log CFU/g, respectively. Salmonella was detected in 0.84% of samples. There was no significant relationship (P &lt; 0.05) between season and APC or E. coli count. There was a significant relationship (P &lt; 0.001) between Salmonella prevalence and summer. The microbiological quality of Queensland kangaroo carcasses is similar to that obtained during other excision-based studies of kangaroo, wild boar, and beef carcasses.

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