scholarly journals 94 Performance of growing beef cattle consuming bahiagrass hay treated with calcium oxide and molasses and supplemented with cottonseed meal

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 34-34
Author(s):  
Francine M Ciriaco ◽  
Darren D Henry ◽  
Luara B Canal ◽  
Carla D Sanford ◽  
Gonzalo Barreneche ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Cottonseed Meal ◽  
Calcium Oxide ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Paspalum Notatum ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Feed Withdrawal

Abstract An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum) hay treated with calcium oxide (CaO) and molasses, offered ad libitum, on performance of growing beef cattle supplemented with cottonseed meal. Sixty-four growing Bos taurus and Bos indicus influenced heifers (249 ± 26 kg of BW) and steers (249 ± 20 kg of BW) were used in a randomized complete block design. The experiment consisted of a 56 d period in which animals were weighed every 14 d. On d 0, animals were weighed after 16-h water and feed withdrawal, stratified by sex, breed, and BW, and blocked by initial BW. Cattle were then allotted to 16 dormant bahiagrass pastures (1.34 ha each; 4 animals/pasture), which were located in 2 different areas within 0.52 km of each other. Pastures were stratified by location and randomly assigned (n = 8 pastures/treatment) to 1 of 2 treatments: 1) hay treated with 10% molasses (DM basis) + water (to 35% DM; MOL) or 2) hay treated with 5% CaO (DM basis) + 10% molasses (DM basis) + water (to 35% DM; CAO). Cottonseed meal was provided at a rate of 0.3% of cattle BW/d (as fed basis). Data were analyzed using the MIXED procedure of SAS and pasture was the experimental unit. The model included the fixed effects of treatment and sex. Location and block were included as random effects. Initial and final BW were not affected by treatment (P = 0.573, P = 0.453; initial and final BW, respectively) or sex (P = 0.512, P = 0.670; initial and final BW, respectively). Additionally, no effects of treatment (P = 0.767) or sex (P = 0.285) were observed on ADG (average of 0.537 kg). In conclusion, bahiagrass hay treated with molasses alone or in combination with CaO failed to improve performance of growing beef cattle

scholarly journals 21 Performance of growing beef cattle consuming bahiagrass hay treated with calcium oxide and molasses and supplemented with cottonseed meal

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 19-19
Author(s):  
Francine M Ciriaco ◽  
Darren D Henry ◽  
Luara B Canal ◽  
Carla D Sanford ◽  
Gonzalo Barreneche ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Cottonseed Meal ◽  
Calcium Oxide ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Paspalum Notatum ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Feed Withdrawal

Abstract An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum) hay treated with calcium oxide (CaO) and molasses, offered ad libitum, on performance of growing beef cattle supplemented with cottonseed meal. Sixty-four growing Bos taurus and Bos indicus influenced heifers (249 ± 26 kg of BW) and steers (249 ± 20 kg of BW) were used in a randomized complete block design. The experiment consisted of a 56 d period in which animals were weighed every 14 d. On d 0, animals were weighed after 16-h water and feed withdrawal, stratified by sex, breed, and BW, and blocked by initial BW. Cattle were then allotted to 16 dormant bahiagrass pastures (1.34 ha each; 4 animals/pasture), which were located in 2 different areas within 0.52 km of each other. Pastures were stratified by location and randomly assigned (n = 8 pastures/treatment) to 1 of 2 treatments: 1) hay treated with 10% molasses (DM basis) + water (to 35% DM; MOL) or 2) hay treated with 5% CaO (DM basis) + 10% molasses (DM basis) + water (to 35% DM; CAO). Cottonseed meal was provided at a rate of 0.3% of cattle BW/d (as fed basis). Data were analyzed using the MIXED procedure of SAS and pasture was the experimental unit. The model included the fixed effects of treatment and sex. Location and block were included as random effects. Initial and final BW were not affected by treatment (P = 0.573, P = 0.453; initial and final BW, respectively) or sex (P = 0.512, P = 0.670; initial and final BW, respectively). Additionally, no effects of treatment (P = 0.767) or sex (P = 0.285) were observed on ADG (average of 0.537 kg). In conclusion, bahiagrass hay treated with molasses alone or in combination with CaO failed to improve performance of growing beef cattle

scholarly journals Performance of growing beef cattle consuming bahiagrass hay treated with calcium oxide and molasses

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francine M Ciriaco ◽  
Darren D Henry ◽  
Carla D Sanford ◽  
Luara B Canal ◽  
Jose C B Dubeux Jr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Cottonseed Meal ◽  
Calcium Oxide ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Protein Supplementation ◽  
Paspalum Notatum ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Block Designs

Abstract Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of Pensacola bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum) hay treated with calcium oxide (CaO) and molasses on performance of growing beef cattle supplemented or not with cottonseed meal. In Exp. 1, growing Bos indicus influenced heifers [n = 59; 250 ± 29 kg body weight (BW)] and steers (n = 37; 256 ± 45 kg BW) were used. In Exp. 2, heifers (n = 56; 249 ± 26 kg BW) and steers (n = 8; 249 ± 20 kg BW) from Exp. 1 were used. Both experiments were randomized complete block designs and consisted of 56-d periods in which cattle were weighed every 14 d. On d 0, cattle were weighed after a 16-h water and feed withdrawal, stratified by sex, breed, and BW, and blocked by initial BW. Cattle were allotted to 24 and 16 dormant bahiagrass pastures (1.34 ha each) in Exp. 1 and Exp. 2, respectively. Pastures were located in two different areas within 0.52 km of each other and were stratified by location and randomly assigned (n = 8 pastures/treatment) to treatment. In Exp. 1 treatments were: 1) untreated dry hay (DH); 2) hay treated with 10% molasses [dry matter (DM) basis] + water (to 65% DM; MOL); or 3) hay treated with 5% CaO (DM basis) + 10% molasses (DM basis) + water (to 65% DM; CAO). In Exp. 2 only treatments MOL and CAO were applied, and cottonseed meal was provided at 0.3% of cattle BW/d (as fed basis). In both experiments, data were analyzed using pasture as the experimental unit. The model included the fixed effects of treatment, sex, and their interaction (Exp. 1). Location and block were included as random effects. In both experiments, initial and final BW were not affected by treatment (P ≥ 0.362 and P ≥ 0.283, respectively) or sex (P ≥ 0.512 and P ≥ 0.495, respectively) and no treatment × sex interaction was observed in Exp. 1 (P > 0.05). Additionally, no effects of treatment (P ≥ 0.515), sex (P ≥ 0.285), or treatment × sex interaction (Exp. 1; P = 0.582) were observed on average daily gain (average of -0.03 kg in Exp. 1 and 0.537 kg in Exp.2). Bahiagrass hay treated with molasses alone or in combination with CaO failed to improve performance of growing beef cattle. However, when protein supplementation via cottonseed meal was provided, cattle did not experience weight loss.

Effects of supplement or fertiliser on forage quality, and performance of stocker cattle grazing warm-season pastures

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 116 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. Rivera ◽  
M. L. Gipson ◽  
R. G. Gipson ◽  
R. W. Lemus
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Forage Quality ◽  
Warm Season ◽  
Paspalum Notatum ◽  
Experimental Unit

Crossbred (Bos taurus × Bos indicus) beef steers (BW = 232.8 ± 14.6 kg; n = 90) were used over 3 years to examine the efficacy of N fertiliser compared with feed supplementation on forage quality, and animal production. Each year a new group of steers were weighed (unshrunk), and assigned to graze mixed warm-season perennial pastures (Cynodon dactylon and Paspalum notatum Flugge). Paddocks were randomly assigned to one of three treatments: no fertiliser and no supplement (NONE); supplement of 1.1 kg of dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS) per steer (DM basis) and no fertiliser (DDGS); or fertiliser (134 kg/ha of N applied in split applications) and no supplement (FERT). Cattle were individually weighed at Days 0, 56, 84, and at Day 126, Day 140, Day 93 for Years 1, 2 and 3, respectively). Data were analysed as a mixed model, treatment being used as a fixed effect, year and block as random effects and pasture as the experimental unit. No differences were noted in BW at any point of the study. Greater total average daily gain (ADG) for the grazing period was noted with FERT and DDGS having greatest ADG compared with NONE. Input costs differed (P = 0.001) among all treatments with FERT having the highest input costs, followed by DDGS and NONE. A tendency (P = 0.11) for lowest return was noted with steers in the FERT group returning the least amount of money. No differences (P > 0.10) were noted in forage biomass (kg/ha) at any point of the study. At Day 56, FERT had least ADF (P = 0.03), greatest (P = 0.01) crude protein, and the greatest (P = 0.01) total digestible nutrients (TDN) compared with DDGS and NONE. At Day 84, similar effects existed with FERT having greater crude protein and TDN compared with DDGS and NONE (P ≤ 0.04). No effects (P > 0.10) existed for the last day of sampling for ADF and TDN, however there was a tendency increase in final crude protein (P = 0.07) associated with FERT and DDGS compared with NONE. Results indicate that similar beef cattle performance might be expected if either DDGS or FERT were used, with FERT increasing forage quality at variable points within the study.

scholarly journals 415 More efficient steers on good diets are not the most efficient ones on limiting diets

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 168-169
Author(s):  
Peter Carmona ◽  
Luis Silva ◽  
Diogo Fleury Azevedo Costa ◽  
Lais Lima
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Protein Requirements ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Randomized Block Design

Abstract Nutrition for a positive growth path represents the major cost of any beef cattle enterprise. Improvements on feed efficiency (FE) can lead to significant economic benefits and reduce the environmental footprint. Usually, animals selected for FE on high-protein (HP) diets are expected to perform as efficiently on low-protein (LP) diets. This experiment used 30 Bos indicus steers (398 ± 24 kg BW) to determine the agreement between FE rankings of beef cattle fed a LP or a HP diet. As hypothesis, it was suggested that the agreement would be high. A completely randomized block design was used, where each steer represented an experimental unit. Steers were fed in individual pens for two periods of 70 days, including an adaptation of 10 days, with diets supplying either 70% or 100% of their rumen degradable protein requirements. Average daily gain (ADG) and dry matter intake (DMI) were measured, while residual feed intake (RFI) and residual gain (RG) were calculated. Kappa analysis was used to determine the agreement between FE of both diets. In the LP diet, ADG was 0.93 kg/d (0.38 to 1.47), DMI averaged 9.67 kg/d (7.9 to 12.1), RFI varied between -1.55 and 1.84, and RG from -0.61 to 0.53. In the HP diet, ADG was 1.16 kg/d (0.77 to 1.57) and DMI averaged 9.87 kg/d (4.79 to 11.87). RFI varied between -2.53 and 1.61 and RG from -0.34 to 0.33. Chance-corrected analysis of the ranking between diets showed no agreement for RFI (Kappa=5.6%, P = 0.68) nor for RG (Kappa=9.1%, P = 0.44). These results suggest that different physiological mechanisms are responsible for FE regulation in both diets; thus, appropriate diets targeting each scenario must be used when selecting animals for feed efficiency.

scholarly journals 251 Evaluation of Condensed Algal Residue Solubles as an Ingredient in Cattle Finishing Diets

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 137-138
Author(s):  
Calvin Gibbons ◽  
Andrea K Watson ◽  
Galen E Erickson ◽  
Bradley M Boyd ◽  
Levi J McPhillips ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Great Plains ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Distillers Grains ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Finishing Diets ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Algae Oil

Abstract Algae oil production for Omega-3 fatty acid supplementation yields a byproduct called Condensed Algal Residue Solubles (CARS; 25.4% DM, 19.3% CP, 8.3% Fat, 9.96% Na on DM basis), de-oiled algae cells with residual fermentation substrates. This study evaluated the use of CARS in feedlot finishing diets. Crossbreed steers, (n=480) were blocked and stratified by initial body weight (BW) into 4 blocks, and assigned randomly to treatments. Treatments were designed as a 2 x 3 factorial with 3 inclusions of CARS (0, 2.5, 5% of diet DM) and 2 different base diets representing Northern and Southern Great Plains diets. The Southern diets contained steam flaked corn and dry distillers grains while the Northern diets had dry rolled and high moisture corn with wet distillers grains. CARS replaced corn in both diets. All blocks were harvested after 148 days on feed. Performance data were analyzed as a randomized block design with CARS inclusion, base diet, and interactions as fixed effects, BW block as a random effect and pen (n=48) as the experimental unit. Orthogonal contrasts were used to test linear and quadratic effects of CARS inclusion. There were no significant interactions between CARS inclusion and diet type (P ≥ 0.49). Main effects of CARS indicated positive quadratic responses for carcass adjusted ADG, G:F, 12th rib back fat, yield grade (P < 0.01; increasing to 2.5% inclusion, decreasing at 5%) and hot carcass weight was both linear and quadratic (P ≤ 0.01 and P ≥ 0.06 respectively; 969, 977, 935 as CARS increased). Linear decrease in DMI, final adjusted BW and ribeye area (P ≤ 0.01) as CARS increased. Cattle fed the Southern diets had greater ADG and G:F compared to Northern diets (P < 0.01). Including 2.5% CARS in the diet improved feed efficiency in both Northern and Southern based feedlot diets.

scholarly journals Differences in copper and selenium metabolism between Angus (Bos taurus) and Brahman (Bos indicus) cattle

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Ranches ◽  
R Alves ◽  
M Vedovatto ◽  
E Anne Palmer ◽  
P Moriel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
University Of Florida ◽  
Brahman Cattle ◽  
Research And Education ◽  
The University ◽  
Se Status

Abstract A two-year study was conducted at the University of Florida – IFAS, Range Cattle Research and Education Center (Ona, FL) to evaluate differences in the metabolism of Cu and Se of Angus (Bos taurus) and Brahman (Bos indicus) cattle. Thirty-two pregnant beef cows (n = 8 Brahman and 8 Angus/year) were enrolled in the study in the first trimester of gestation. The study consisted of 3 phases: (1) restriction (d 0 to d 90); (2) supplementation (d 91 to 150), and (3) calving. During all 3 phases, cows were individually fed and housed in partially covered drylot pens. During the restriction and supplementation phases cows were provided a 1.5 kg/d of a grain-based concentrate supplement, which was fortified with flowers of S (50 g of supplemental S/cow daily; restriction phase) or Cu and Se (100 and 3 mg/d of Cu and Se, respectively; supplementation phase). Blood and liver samples were collected from all cows on 30 d intervals and from both cows and calves within 24 h of calving. Colostrum and milk samples were collected at calving and 7 d after birth. All data were analyzed using the MIXED procedure of SAS, where cow and calf were the experimental unit. During the restriction phase, a breed × day effect (P = 0.03) was observed where Brahman had greater liver Cu concentration than Angus cows in all sampling days. For liver Se concentration, a tendency (P = 0.07) for a breed effect was observed where Angus cows tended to have greater liver Se concentration than Brahman. During the supplementation phase, breed (P < 0.001) and day (P < 0.01) effects were observed, where Brahman cows had greater liver Cu concentration than Angus. For liver Se concentration, a day effect (P < 0.001) was observed, where liver Se concentration increased (P < 0.001) from d 90 to 120 and remained unchanged (P = 0.86) until d 150. At calving no effects of breed (P = 0.34) were observed for liver Cu concentration of cows, however, Brahman calves tended (P = 0.09) to have greater liver Cu concentration than Angus calves. For Se liver concentration at calving, Angus cows tended (P = 0.07) to have greater liver Se concentration than Brahman cows, however no breed differences (P = 0.70) were observed for liver Se concentration of calves at birth. In summary substantial differences in multiple indicators of Cu and Se status were observed between Angus and Brahman cattle, implying that Angus and Brahman cattle possibly have different mechanisms to maintain adequate Cu and Se status.

305 Methane Emissions and Apparent Total Tract Nutrient Digestibility of Feedlot Beef Steers Under Intensive Management with or Without an Added Nutritional Packet

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 166-167
Author(s):  
Andrea M Osorio ◽  
Kaue T Tonelli Nardi ◽  
Igor Gomes Fávero ◽  
Kaliu G Scaranto Silva ◽  
Kymberly D Coello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Period ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Methane Emissions ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Beef Steers ◽  
Ch4 Production

Abstract The effects of a nutritional packet were evaluated on CH4 emissions and apparent total tract nutrient digestibility of feedlot beef steers. Thirty Angus-crossbred steers (BW = 542 ± 8.4 kg) were used in a randomized complete block design and allocated into pens equipped with SmartFeed (C-Lock; 15 steers/treatment). Steers were consuming a steam-flaked corn-based diet (88% concentrate DM basis) ad libitum for the last 65 d on feed, and received the following treatments: 1) control and 2) a nutritional packet [0.29% DM basis; live yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae; 8.7 Log CFU/g); Vitamin C (5.4 g/kg); Vitamin B1 (13.33 g/kg); NaCl (80 g/kg); KCl (80 g/kg)]. Methane emissions and apparent total tract nutrient digestibility were measured during 3 periods with 5-d of collections each. Gas emissions from steers were measured utilizing the SF6 tracer technique. Feed and fecal samples were collected once and twice (0700 h and 1600 h) daily, respectively, to determine digestibility of nutrients using iNDF as an internal marker. Steer was considered the experimental unit. Data were analyzed as repeated measures using the MIXED procedure of SAS with the fixed effects of treatment, period, and their interaction, and the random effect of block. No treatment × period interactions (P ≥ 0.125) were observed for DMI and any of the CH4 production variables (g/day, g/kg BW0.75, g/nutrient intake, and g/nutrient digested). Moreover, treatments did not affect digestibility of DM, OM, or ADF (P ≥ 0.300); however, digestibility of NDF was increased for treated cattle (P = 0.013), which resulted in a tendency (P = 0.098) to decrease CH4 production in g per kg NDF intake and decreased (P = 0.020) grams CH4 per kg NDF digested. The nutritional packet may be altering ruminal fermentation on intensively managed steers and improving fiber digestibility, which can have benefits on CH4 emission intensity.

scholarly journals 409 Effects of essential oils on in vitro ruminal fermentation using a high-concentrate substrate

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 165-165
Author(s):  
Nadira J Espinoza-Rock ◽  
Andrea O Doblado ◽  
Sebastian E Mejia-Turcios ◽  
Evandro Dias ◽  
Michael Sandes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Cinnamic Aldehyde ◽  
Garlic Oil

Abstract A randomized complete block design was used to determine the effects of 4 concentrations of 4 essential oils (EO) on in vitro ruminal fermentation variables. In vitro fermentation consisted of 0.7 g of high concentrate substrate (86.7% DM) and 50 mL of 2:1 buffer:ruminal fluid inoculum incubated for 24 h for each batch (n = 3; separate days) Treatments were arranged as a 4 × 5 factorial. Factors included 4 EO (eugenol, cinnamic aldehyde, anethole, and garlic oil) at 5 concentrations (0, 10, 75, 200, and 400 mg/L of inoculum). Data were analyzed using the MIXED procedure of SAS with the fixed effects of EO, concentration, and their interaction, and random effect of day (block). Batch was considered the experimental unit. There was an interaction (P < 0.001) for total gas production, where a cubic effect (P ≤ 0.041) was observed for eugenol, cinnamic aldehyde, and anethole, and a quadratic effect (P = 0.001) was observed for garlic oil. No interactions (P > 0.05) were observed for in vitro OM digestibility (IVOMD) or CH4 production. There was an effect of EO (P < 0.001) on IVOMD, where eugenol reduced (P ≤ 0.007) digestibility compared with anethole and garlic oil, which promoted the greatest (P ≤ 0.029) IVOMD. Methane production (mmol/g OM fermented) was affected by EO (P < 0.001), where it was decreased (P ≤ 0.001) by garlic oil compared with all other EO. There was an interaction (P < 0.001) for H2S production (µmol/g OM fermented), where it was linearly decreased (P = 0.003) and linearly increased (P < 0.001) as concentrations of eugenol and garlic oil increased, respectively. These EO had contradictory impacts on in vitro ruminal fermentation, thus combining them could potentially improve multiple aspects of in vitro and in vivo fermentation.

scholarly journals Nutritional value of cottonseed meal for swine in the finishing phase

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
J. R. Silva ◽  
N. T. Pereira ◽  
R. V. Andrade ◽  
M. V. A. Cabral ◽  
A. Corassa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cottonseed Meal ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Mineral Matter ◽  
Initial Weight ◽  
Acid Detergent Fiber ◽  
Nutritional Components ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design

The aim of this study was to determine the digestibility coefficients of the nutritional components of cottonseed meal for pigs in the finishing phase. Fourteen castrated male commercial pigs with average initial weight of 56.29 ± 2.49 kg were used. The animals were housed individually in cages for metabolic study (experimental unit) in a randomized complete block design (defined by initial weight) with two treatments and seven replications per treatment. The treatments consisted of a reference diet, formulated to meet the minimum nutritional requirements of pigs in the finishing phase, and a test diet, consisting of 75% of the reference diet and 25% of cottonseed meal. The total feces collection method was used. The values of chemical and digestible composition of cottonseed meal were 88.78; 93.82; 6.18; 21.11; 19.26; 4.29 and 44.09%; and 57.78; 48.62; 0.48; 2.82; 5.83; 2.58 and 28.86% for dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), mineral matter (MM), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), ether extract (EE) and protein (CP) respectively. The values are close to those found in the literature, exception for the protein that presented higher value, however the digestibility was relatively low. Cottonseed meal has high nutritional value, but with low digestible values.

scholarly journals 320 Carcass characteristics of Bos indicus-Bos taurus steers following BVDV type 1b challenge

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 6-6
Author(s):  
Arthur Knowles ◽  
Joe Paschal ◽  
Chase Runyan ◽  
Jason Sawyer ◽  
Andy Herring
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Post Challenge ◽  
Diarrhea Virus ◽  
Vaccine Type

Abstract Bovine Viral Diarrhea virus (BVDV), is a component of bovine respiratory disease (BRD) worldwide. Documentation of animal genetic influences and performance variability specific to BVDV challenge is limited. This study evaluated individual animal effects in the 14 d following BVDV Type 1b intranasal challenge in yearling, Nellore-Angus (Bos indicus-Bos taurus) F2 and F3 crossbred steers (n = 363) on carcass traits 180 d post-challenge. Prior to challenge steers were confirmed to be free of BVDV infection with families balanced across non-vaccinated control, killed (KV), or modified-live (MLV) commercial BRD vaccines. Hot carcass weight (HCW), adjusted fat thickness (AFT), longissimus muscle area (REA) and marbling score (MARB) were analyzed through mixed models with sire and pen(year) as random effects; potential fixed effects of vaccine, type of cross, pyrexia status, clinical sign presentation, and levels of feed intake and ADG 14 d post-challenge were investigated. Vaccine influenced AFT (P = 0.016); MLV steers had 0.26 cm less AFT than KV steers. Marbling was affected by type of cross (P = 0.023) with up to 0.60 marbling scores higher (P < 0.05) in some parental combinations; an interaction between type of cross and pyrexia status also affected MARB (P = 0.017) with one parental combination having higher MARB associated with pyrexia. Hot carcass weight was not affected by pyrexia, but was affected by feed intake (P = 0.019), with steers in the highest vs. lowest category averaging 24.0 kg heavier. No animals presented morbidity signs severe enough for therapeutic treatment, yet presence of mild clinical symptoms affected REA (P = 0.012), resulting in 3.4 cm2 lower REA, however, this pattern was inconsistent among feed intake levels. This study affirms the complexity of health impacts on beef carcass traits and the need for improved study of subclinical illness in beef production systems.

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