scholarly journals PSV-38 Fatty acids profile of subcutaneous fat deposition in Nellore bulls classified by feed efficiency

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 339-339
Author(s):  
Camila Delveaux Araujo Batalha ◽  
Ana Carolina Almeida Rollo de Paz ◽  
Renata Helena Branco ◽  
Roberta Carrilho Canesin ◽  
Joslaine Noely dos Santos Gonçalves Cyrillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Fat Deposition ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Blood Cholesterol ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Fatty Acids Profile ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Microbial population and ruminal fermentation patterns differ according residual feed intake (RFI) classes, with possible alterations in biohydrogenation and consequently in fatty acids (FA) profile of subcutaneous fat deposition. This study aimed to evaluate FA profile of subcutaneous fat deposition in Nellore bulls classified by RFI. Data from four different trials, totaling 106 Nellore bulls (475.5 ± 77 kg of slaughter BW and 623 ± 97 d of age at slaughter), previously classified by RFI as positive (PRFI) or negative (NRFI), were used. Fatty acids profile was determined in Longissimus muscle with fat cover samples, collected immediately after boning, vacuum packed and frozen until analysis. Data were analyzed using SAS MIXED procedure, including in the model as fixed effects RFI class and age at slaughter as covariate and as random effects feeding type within trial and year of trial. Least square means were compared by the t-test, being significance determined at P ≤ 0.05 and trends at 0.05 < P ≤ 0.10. Significant difference between RFI classes was only detected for cis-vaccenic FA (C8:1 n7) (2.45 vs 2.29 g/100g; P = 0.049) and tendency for oleic FA (C18:1 n9) (34.9 vs 36.3 g/100g; P = 0.092), for PRFI and NRFI respectively. The sum of total saturated (43.4 g/ 100g), monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated (12.8 g/100g) FA, revealed a significant difference between RFI classes only for total monounsaturated FA (43.2 vs 44.8 g/100g; P = 0.046) for PRFI and NRFI respectively. This difference can be due the tendency detected between RFI classes for oleic FA, which is the monounsaturated FA in the highest concentration in the profile. Monounsaturated FA are essential in human diet because they can contribute to reduced blood cholesterol and triglyceride levels, exerting cardiovascular protection. In conclusion, NRFI Nellore animals have a better FA profile of subcutaneous fat deposition.

Feeding forage or concentrates early in life influences rumen fermentation, metabolic response, immune function and growth of Wagyu × Friesian calves

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (11) ◽  
pp. 1418
Author(s):  
M. A. Khan ◽  
V. T. Burggraaf ◽  
B. Thomson ◽  
P. Muir ◽  
K. Lowe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Immune Function ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Fat Deposition ◽  
Beef Production ◽  
Milk Feeding

Context Early life nutrition of calves influences their performance later in life. There is limited literature demonstrating the effects of rearing dairy calves in early life on milk with either exclusively forage or concentrate starter diets on metabolic and immune function and post-weaning growth and body composition on a pasture only diet. Aim This study evaluated the effects of feeding Wagyu × Holstein Friesian calves a forage starter (FS) or a concentrate starter (CS) for the first 14 weeks of rearing on rumen fermentation, blood metabolites, immune function, growth and body composition to Week 41. Methods Group-housed calves (Wagyu × Friesian, 10 calves per group, three groups per treatment) were fed milk (2 L per calf twice daily) until Week 7, then transitioned to once a day milk feeding until weaning by Week 9, with ad libitum access to either FS or CS. All calves were transferred to graze ryegrass pastures a week after transitioning to once daily milk feeding, with starter feeds removed gradually by Week 14. Thereafter, calves were reared together on pasture until Week 41. Results Solid feed intake was lower in FS than CS calves during the first 7 weeks. Total short chain fatty acids were lower, but acetate to propionate ratio and rumen pH were higher in FS than CS calves at Week 7, with no differences observed at Week 12 or 30. Plasma β-hydroxybutyrate an indicator of ketogenic ability of the rumen in developing calves was higher in FS vs CS calves at weaning. Further, FS calves had lower concentrations of circulating non-esterified fatty acids compared with CS calves at weaning. Compared with CS calves, FS calves grew slower for the first 14 weeks which was associated with lower plasma IGF-1 levels. However, FS calves had greater average daily gain after 14 weeks when on pasture and had similar plasma IGF-1 at 30 weeks and similar body weight and body composition (muscle and subcutaneous fat deposition) by Week 41 compared to CS calves. Conclusions These results indicate that offering a FS starter has better prepared calves for weaning onto pasture and potentially improved utilisation of forage post-weaning to achieve similar muscle and fat deposition and overall liveweight in both groups by 41 weeks. Implications Dairy beef calves can be successfully reared using forage as the only solid feed source without affecting their growth performance on pasture until 10 months of age. Rearing calves using forage will contribute to reducing the usage of concentrate feeds in pastoral dairy-beef production systems and provide an opportunity to fulfil the market requirements and standards for grain-free beef production.

scholarly journals Sensorial Properties, Chemical Characteristicsand Fatty Acids Profile of Cheese Fortified by Encapsulated Kilka Fish Oil

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 208 ◽  
Author(s):  
SeyedReza Hejazian ◽  
SeyedehZeynab Hatami Takami ◽  
Esmaeil Ghanbari Shendi
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Docosahexaenoic Acid ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Poultry Feed ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Treatment Results ◽  
Fatty Acids Profile ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Spray Dried

<p>However Kilka is a valuable fish in nutritional point of view, but a large part of it used in poultry feed. The main<br />reason is the undesirable odor. In this study Kilka oil was blended with milk at 1% and 2% level and then the<br />mixture spray dried. These encapsulated Kilka oil were added to cheese as a fortificant materials at 5% level.<br />Cheese without encapsulated Kilka oil was as a control treatment. Results showed that there was no significant<br />difference (p&gt;0.05) between color of fortificated cheese with control cheese. There was no significant difference<br />(p&gt;0.05) between odor of cheese with 5% encapsulated Kilka oil that contain 1% Kilka oil (A) with control<br />cheese. There was no significant difference (p&gt;0.05) between flavor of cheese with 5% encapsulated Kilka oil<br />that contain 1% Kilka oil (A) with cheese with 5% encapsulated Kilka oil that contain 2% Kilka oil (B) but there<br />was significant difference (p&lt;0.05) between these two treatments with control cheese. Also, the eicosapentaenoic<br />acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) content of fortified cheeses had significant difference (p&lt;0.05)<br />with control cheese.</p>

scholarly journals Comparison of monensin sodium sources for finishing beef cattle

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taylor C Husz ◽  
Wyatt N Smith ◽  
Caleb G Lockard ◽  
Megan N Homolka ◽  
Peter T Anderson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Methane Concentration ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Ruminal Ph ◽  
Grain Processing ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the ruminal fermentation characteristics of ruminally fistulated beef steers consuming a steam-flaked corn (SFC) or dry-rolled corn (DRC) based diet containing either Rumensin 90 (RUM; Elanco, Greenfield, IN), or Monovet 90 (MV; Huvepharma, Peachtree City, GA). Six ruminally fistulated steers (657.7 kg ± 72.6) housed individually were used in a 6 × 6 Latin square design with 2 × 3 factorial treatment arrangement. Each of the 6 periods were 15 d with 14 d for diet adaptation and 1 d of rumen fluid collections. Dietary treatments were DRC without monensin sodium (DRC-C), SFC without monensin sodium (SFC-C), DRC with Rumensin 90 (DRC-R), DRC with Monovet 90 (DRC-MV), SFC with Rumensin 90 (SFC-R), and SFC with Monovet 90 (SFC-MV). Rumen contents and fluid were collected through the fistula of each animal at 0, 3, 6, 12, and 24 h on d 15 of each period. Rumen fluid collected at 6 h post-feeding each period was used for in vitro analyses. Steer was the experimental unit and the model included fixed effects of grain processing, additive, and grain processing × additive. Total gas produced was composited from each in vitro bottle into a gas collection bag for the 48-h determination of methane concentration. No differences were detected for DMI (P = 0.81). Ruminal pH did not differ for the control or additive treatments (P = 0.33). However, ruminal pH was lower (P &lt; 0.01) with SFC compared to DRC. There was a significant difference in acetate to propionate ratio for grain type (P = 0.01) and a tendency for additive inclusion (P = 0.06). Additive inclusion reduced methane proportion of total gas compared to control treatments (P ≤ 0.01). Overall, monensin sodium reduced methane concentration though source had no effect on DMI or ruminal pH.

scholarly journals Identification of Candidate Genes that Specifically Regulate Subcutaneous and Intramuscular Fat Deposition Using Transcriptomic and Proteomic Profiles in Dingyuan Pigs

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pan Zhang ◽  
Qinggang Li ◽  
Yijing Wu ◽  
Yawen Zhang ◽  
Bo Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Intramuscular Fat ◽  
Fat Deposition ◽  
Backfat Thickness ◽  
Pathway Enrichment Analysis ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract Background: Subcutaneous fat and intramuscular fat (IMF) deposition are closely related to meat production and pork quality. The Dingyuan pig is a local pig breed in Anhui Province, China, that has great potential for fat deposition. Individuals with extreme subcutaneous fat and intramuscular fat content can be found in this breed, which provides a good study system for investigating the molecular mechanisms regulating these two types of fat deposit.Results: In this study, we used RNA-Seq and tandem mass tags-based proteomics to analyze the key pathways and genes that specifically regulate subcutaneous fat and intramuscular fat deposition in Dingyuan pigs. We identified 191 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 61 differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) in the high backfat thickness (HBF) and low backfat thickness (LBF) groups. In the high intramuscular fat and low intramuscular fat groups, we found 85 DEGs and 12 DAPs. The gene ontology and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed that the DEGs and DAPs in the backfat groups were mainly involved in various metabolic pathways, such as those related to carbohydrates, amino acids, esters, and fatty acids, whereas the DEGs and DAPs of the IMF groups were involved in a wide range of signaling pathways, including metabolic pathways, the insulin pathway, ketone body synthesis and degradation, longevity, and some disease-related pathways. Among the genes related to the metabolic pathways of carbohydrates, amino acids, esters, and fatty acids, we found 26 candidate genes that specifically regulate subcutaneous fat deposition and 7 genes that specifically regulate IMF deposition in Dingyuan pigs.Conclusion: Our data show that subcutaneous fat deposition and IMF deposition are regulated by the same genes, but there are also genes that specifically regulate these two fat depositions. Our data provide insights into the mechanisms of pig fat deposition.

scholarly journals Meat quality characteristics of DurocxYorkshire, DurocxYorkshirexwild boar and wild boar

2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (6) ◽  
pp. 999-1006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Snezana Ivanovic ◽  
Zoran Stojanovic ◽  
Jovanka Popov-Raljic ◽  
Milan Baltic ◽  
Boris Pisinov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Wild Boar ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Cholesterol Content ◽  
Fatty Acids Profile ◽  
External Standard Method ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Hue Angle ◽  
Cholesterol Determination

Chemical composition, pH value, fatty acids profile, cholesterol content, color and sensory analysis of pork meat from Duroc x Yorkshire (D x Y), Duroc x Yorkshire x wild boar (D x Y x WB) crossbreeds and wild boars (WB) was investigated. Samples for all tests were taken from m. longissimus dorsi. Chemical composition and pH value were tested by ISO methods. Fatty acid and cholesterol determination was performed by gas chromatography technique with external standard method. Color was determined instrumentally using the thristimulus colourimeter. The overall sensoric quality (appearance, texture and smell) of samples of raw meat was evaluated. In evaluation of results the scoring system was used. In chemical composition (moisture, fat, protein, ash) and pH values statistically significant difference was noted (p<0,05) between each of the examined groups. Also, among all the examined groups statistically significant difference (p<0,05) was found for fatty acids and cholesterol content. Measurment of the color of meat from all three groups showed that the L*, a * b *, Chroma and Hue angle were also statistically significantly different (p<0,01).

scholarly journals Identification of Candidate Genes that Specifically Regulate Subcutaneous and Intramuscular Fat Deposition Using Transcriptomic and Proteomic Profiles in Dingyuan Pigs

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pan Zhang ◽  
Qinggang Li ◽  
Yijing Wu ◽  
Yawen Zhang ◽  
Hao Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Intramuscular Fat ◽  
Fat Deposition ◽  
Backfat Thickness ◽  
Pathway Enrichment Analysis ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract Background: Subcutaneous fat and intramuscular fat (IMF) deposition are closely related to meat production and pork quality. The Dingyuan pig is a local pig breed in Anhui Province, China, that has great potential for fat deposition. Individuals with extreme subcutaneous fat and intramuscular fat content can be found in this breed, which provides a good study system for investigating the molecular mechanisms regulating these two types of fat deposit.Results: In this study, we used RNA-Seq and tandem mass tags-based proteomics to analyze the key pathways and genes that specifically regulate subcutaneous fat and intramuscular fat deposition in Dingyuan pigs. We identified 191 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 61 differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) in the high backfat thickness (HBF) and low backfat thickness (LBF) groups. In the high intramuscular fat and low intramuscular fat groups, we found 85 DEGs and 12 DAPs. The gene ontology and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed that the DEGs and DAPs in the backfat groups were mainly involved in various metabolic pathways, such as those related to carbohydrates, amino acids, esters, and fatty acids, whereas the DEGs and DAPs of the IMF groups were involved in a wide range of signaling pathways, including metabolic pathways, the insulin pathway, ketone body synthesis and degradation, longevity, and some disease-related pathways. Among the genes related to the metabolic pathways of carbohydrates, amino acids, esters, and fatty acids, we found 26 candidate genes that specifically regulate subcutaneous fat deposition and 7 genes that specifically regulate IMF deposition in Dingyuan pigs.Conclusion: Our data show that subcutaneous fat deposition and IMF deposition are regulated by the same genes, but there are also genes that specifically regulate these two fat depositions. Our data provide insights into the mechanisms of pig fat deposition.

scholarly journals Dried distiller´s grains plus solubles supplementation improves low-quality tropical grass utilization on beef steers

2022 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olegario Hernández ◽  
Agustín López ◽  
Elisa Mariana García ◽  
Mónica Azucena Nazareno ◽  
José Ignacio Arroquy
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Beef Steers ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Total Volatile ◽  
Ruminal Ph ◽  
Fatty Acids Profile ◽  
Guinea Grass ◽  
Corn Ddgs

ABSTRACT: This study was designed to evaluate the effect of corn dried distiller´s grains (DDGS) supplementation on feed intake, total tract digestibility, and ruminal fermentation of beef steers fed low-quality Guinea grass (Megathyrsus maximus, cv. Gatton panic). Twelve Braford crossbred steers were housed in individual pens (n = 4 steers/treatment), provided with three levels of DDGS supplement: 0%, 0.6%, or 1.2% BW. Steers were blocked by live weight and randomly assigned to treatments within the block. Corn DDGS supplementation increased total OM intake (21.55, 40.23, and 56.69 g/kg BW0.75) and tract OM digestibility (46.33, 49.03, and 72.39 % DM). Total tract digestible OM, CP, NDF and EE intake also increase in response to DDGS supplementation. Forage OM intake decreased when supplementation level reached 1.2 % BW. Also, ruminal pH decreased with DDGS supplementation level (6.88, 6.47, and 6.27). No differences were observed in total volatile fatty acids (VFA) concentration; however, the molar proportion of acetate decreased (77.98, 73.90, and 67.29 % Total VFA) as well as acetate: propionate ratio (4.38, 3.48, and 2.74). On the contrary, propionate proportions increased (18.32, 21.86, and 24.81 % Total VFA). Levels of ammonia and lactate were within suggested values for optimal fermentation and bacterial growth. Low-quality grass supplementation with corn DDGS increased total OM intake and digestibility. Also, DDGS inclusion favorably altered volatile fatty acids profile by reducing the acetate to propionate ratio regarding forage-only diets.

Nutritional suitability of linseed and oil hemp from fatty acids profile perspective

Planta Medica ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 78 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
G Pop ◽  
E Alexa ◽  
A Laza ◽  
M Mihoc ◽  
A Militaru ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acids Profile

Dampak Kebijakan Moneter Pada Output Di Negara-Negara ASEAN Tahun 1980-2014

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-70
Author(s):  
Nur Widiastuti
Keyword(s):  
Monetary Policy ◽  
Interest Rate ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Fixed Effects Model ◽  
State Data ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
The Impact

The Impact of monetary Policy on Ouput is an ambiguous. The results of previous empirical studies indicate that the impact can be a positive or negative relationship. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of monetary policy on Output more detail. The variables to estimatate monetery poicy are used state and board interest rate andrate. This research is conducted by Ordinary Least Square or Instrumental Variabel, method for 5 countries ASEAN. The state data are estimated for the period of 1980 – 2014. Based on the results, it can be concluded that the impact of monetary policy on Output shown are varied.Keyword: Monetary Policy, Output, Panel Data, Fixed Effects Model

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