Negative Life History Impacts for Habrobracon hebetor (Hymneoptera: Braconidae) that Develop in Bollworm Larvae Inoculated with Helicoverpa armigera Nucleopolyhedrovirus

2020 ◽  
Vol 113 (4) ◽  
pp. 1648-1655 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahim Allahyari ◽  
Shahram Aramideh ◽  
J P Michaud ◽  
Mohammad Hassan Safaralizadeh ◽  
Mohammad Reza Rezapanah
Keyword(s):  
Helicoverpa Armigera ◽  
Population Doubling ◽  
Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Net Reproductive Rate ◽  
Habrobracon Hebetor ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Joint Application ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Helicoverpa Armígera

Abstract Cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera Hubner, is a cosmopolitan polyphagous pest of many crops. Habrobracon hebetor Say and Helicoverpa armigera nucleopolyhedrovirus (HearNPV) are two important biocontrol agents used to manage this pest, sometimes in combination. We evaluated the sublethal effects of HearNPV on H. hebetor life table parameters under laboratory conditions when its host (second instar H. armigera) was treated with HearNPV, and tested H. hebetor females for their ability to discriminate against inoculated hosts. Emergence of adults reared as solitary larvae was reduced by half on LC30-inoculated larvae compared to controls, but not on LC5 or LC15-inoculated hosts. Low concentrations (LC5, LC15, and LC30) of HearNPV had no effects on overall parasitoid developmental time, but longevity and lifetime fecundity was reduced for females emerging from hosts receiving the LC30 treatment. Net reproductive rate (R0), intrinsic rate of increase (rm), and finite rate of increase (λ) were all decreased in a concentration-dependent manner in the LC15 and LC30 treatments, as were female life expectancy, age-specific survivorship (lx), and age-specific fecundity (mx), whereas population doubling time (DT) increased. Parasitoids did not discriminate against LC15-inoculated larvae in choice or no-choice tests, but parasitized more LC50-inoculated hosts than controls in the choice test, with no significant differences in total numbers of eggs laid in either case. Although parasitoids suffered some loss of fitness in HearNPV-inoculated hosts under these laboratory conditions, these agents still appear compatible for joint application against H. armigera under field conditions, provided parasitoid releases are made 2 d after NPV application.

scholarly journals Sub-lethal doses of Nucleopolyhedrosis Virus and synthetic ınsecticides alter the biological parameters of Helicoverpa armigera Hübner (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. e0259867
Author(s):  
Allah Dita Abid ◽  
Syed Muhammad Zaka ◽  
Shafqat Saeed ◽  
Naeem Iqbal ◽  
Muhammad Nadir Naqqash ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicoverpa Armigera ◽  
Resistance Management ◽  
Intrinsic Rate ◽  
Emamectin Benzoate ◽  
Finite Rate ◽  
Net Reproductive Rate ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Helicoverpa Armígera ◽  
Nucleopolyhedrosis Virus ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

Resistance management is very important for devising control strategies of polyphagous insect-pests like Helicoverpa armigera Hübner (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Considering the importance of resistance management, demographic features of selected and unselected populations of H. armigera were studied in 6 different treatments viz. emamectin benzoate, Helicoverpa armigera Nucleopolyhedrosis Virus (HaNPV), emamectin benzoate+HaNPV, spinetoram, spinetoram+HaNPV and control. Higher values for fecundity, intrinsic rate, the finite rate of increase (λ) were recorded in the control of selected as compared to the rest of treatment. Similarly, higher values for these population parameters viz. oviposition days, fecundity, intrinsic rate, the finite rate of increase were calculated in the unselected control. Similarly, net reproductive rate (R0) for selected and unselected control was higher as compared to the rest of the treatments. It may happen because these kinds of selection pressures can result in decreased fitness of the test insect thus decreased fitness of H. armigera in different treatments was observed as compared to the control. Additionally, quicker development of susceptible insects was observed because susceptible insects were growing without any stressor (xenobiotics) as compared to the rest which contributed to their faster development.

scholarly journals Fertility Lifetables of Glasshouse Whitefly Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood) on French Bean cv. Contender at Different Temperatures

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 001-005
Author(s):  
Jyoti Kapil ◽  
◽  
Manica Tomar ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Trialeurodes Vaporariorum ◽  
Reproductive Rate ◽  
Natural Increase ◽  
French Bean ◽  
Population Doubling ◽  
Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽  
Population Doubling Time ◽  
Net Reproductive Rate ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Different Temperatures

Fertility Life tables and characteristics of the Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood) were assessed on French bean cv. Contender at different temperatures 15, 20, 25 and 30 °C. The life table analysis showed that the females lived for a maximum of 58 days at 15 °C. The trend of oviposition showed a peak on 32nd day at 25 °C as the highest number of eggs produced per female per day was 9.98. The true Intrinsic rate of increase (rm) values were 0.123 and 0.121 at 20 °C and 25 °C, respectively. The rate of natural increase (rc) was 0.120 at 20 °C and 25 °C. The highest net reproductive rate (45.86) was obtained at 20 °C. The population doubling time (DT) was maximum (10.42 days) at 15 °C and minimum (5.64 days) at 20 °C. Generation time was 47.17 days at 15 °C which decreased to 24.82 days at 30 °C.

Can the prey species Raoiella indica Hirst (Acari: Tenuipalpidae) support the development and reproduction of Neoseiulus barkeri Hughes (Acari: Phytoseiidae)?

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 1485-1494
Author(s):  
Rosenya Michely Cintra Filgueiras ◽  
Bruna Weida Rabelo Da Silva ◽  
Eduardo Pereira De Sousa Neto ◽  
Jairo De Almeida Mendes ◽  
José Wagner Da Silva Melo
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Prey Species ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Population Doubling ◽  
Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Net Reproductive Rate ◽  
Neoseiulus Barkeri ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Raoiella Indica

The potential of Neoseiulus barkeri Hughes (Acari: Phytoseiidae) as a biological control agent has been widely studied and demonstrated against several pest species, mainly against pest mites. However, its potential has not been assessed with tenuipalpid mites, which emerged as a threat to agriculture, especially in coconut and banana crops. The potential of natural enemies can be predicted through life history tests; thus, we conducted experiments to determine the life history parameters of N. barkeri that fed on tenuipalpid mite Raoiella indica Hirst (Acari: Tenuipalpidae) individuals of different developmental stages. Neoseiulus barkeri successfully completed its development by feeding on R. indica of all developmental stages; there were no differences in survivorship during the entire immature period (always above 95%) irrespective of the developmental stages of the R. indica used. The average oviposition period was 27 days with an average fecundity of 56.2 eggs/female. Positive ri values obtained for all prey developmental stages indicated that R. indica of all developmental stages is suitable to support the population growth of N. barkeri. Additionally, the life table parameters of N. barkeri recorded in this study [net reproductive rate (R0= 37.9 female/female), intrinsic rate of increase (rm = 0.22 female/female/day), finite rate of increase (λ = 1.24 female/female/day), mean generation time (T = 16.67 days), and population doubling time (DT = 3.18 days)] show that N. barkeri performed excellently when feeding on R. indica eggs. Our results show that the prey species R. indica is a suitable food source for the predatory species N. barkeri.

scholarly journals Behavioral and Developmental Responses of Habrobracon hebetor (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) to Larvae of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Inoculated With Various Concentrations of Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki (Bacillales: Bacillacae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahim Allahyari ◽  
Shahram Aramideh ◽  
J P Michaud ◽  
Mohammad Hassan Safaralizadeh ◽  
Mohammad Reza Rezapanah
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Helicoverpa Armigera ◽  
Choice Test ◽  
Habrobracon Hebetor ◽  
Combined Application ◽  
Joint Application ◽  
Immature Development ◽  
Helicoverpa Armígera ◽  
Parasitoid Development

Abstract Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner subsp. kurstaki (Btk) and Habrobracon hebetor Say are both biological control agents of Helicoverpa armigera Hubner. The present study evaluated their compatibility for combined application against this pest by examining the acceptability of Btk-inoculated hosts for H. hebetor females and testing for negative life-history impacts on developing progeny. Second-instar H. armigera larvae fed for 72 h on potted chickpea plants treated with three concentrations of Btk (LC15, LC35, and LC70) and were then used in bioassays of parasitoid development and parasitism behavior. Survival of parasitoids was significantly reduced, and immature development prolonged, on hosts fed chickpea plants treated with LC35 and LC70  Btk, but not on plants treated with LC15  Btk. Parasitoids failed to discriminate against hosts treated with LC15 or LC35  Btk in choice tests, but attacked fewer hosts treated with LC70  Btk, paralyzing and parasitizing more healthy hosts, and laying more eggs on them. In contrast, a no-choice test revealed that more hosts treated with LC35 and LC70  Btk were paralyzed compared with control or LC15-treated hosts, but the numbers of hosts parasitized and eggs laid did not vary among Btk treatments. Thus, females required an experience with healthy hosts, as they had in the choice test, to discriminate against diseased ones. We conclude that H. hebetor and Btk are compatible for joint application against H. armigera, which could potentially improve biological control of this pest.

scholarly journals Effects of Helicoverpa armigera Egg Age on Development, Reproduction, and Life Table Parameters of Trichogramma euproctidis

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 569
Author(s):  
Nazanin Atashi ◽  
Parviz Shishehbor ◽  
Ali Asghar Seraj ◽  
Arash Rasekh ◽  
Seyed Ali Hemmati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Table ◽  
Helicoverpa Armigera ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Intrinsic Rate ◽  
Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽  
Life Table Parameters ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Important Pest ◽  
Helicoverpa Armígera ◽  
Augmentative Releases

The noctuid Helicoverpa armigera is an economically important pest of agricultural crops in Iran and other countries. Research is evaluating the capacity of Trichogramma parasitoids to control H. armigera populations on field crops. The objective of this research was to determine if young rather than old H. armigera eggs were optimal for Trichogramma euproctidis development, reproduction, and life table parameters. Bioassays involved exposing T. euproctidis mated females to H. armigera 14, 38, or 62 h old eggs within 24 h in laboratory arenas. Results indicated that the number of host eggs parasitized successfully by T. euproctidis decreased as host egg age increased. Host egg age had no significant effect on T. euproctidis adult emergence. Adults that developed in 14 h old eggs had greater longevity and fecundity than those that developed in 38 h or 62 h old eggs. The intrinsic rate of increase (r) was greatest, and the mean generation time (T) was lowest for T. euproctidis reared in 14 h old eggs. This study indicates that young H. armigera eggs are more suitable than old ones for T. euproctidis development and reproduction. This study is important because it provides evidence, for the first time, that T. euproctidis can utilize H. armigera as a rearing host. Using young rather than old host eggs could ensure the persistence of a T. euproctidis mass production system to support augmentative releases.

scholarly journals Host-Plant Variations Affect the Biotic Potential, Survival, and Population Projection of Myzus persicae (Hemiptera: Aphididae)

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 375
Author(s):  
Muhammad Yasir Ali ◽  
Tayyaba Naseem ◽  
Muhammad Arshad ◽  
Ijaz Ashraf ◽  
Muhammad Rizwan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myzus Persicae ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Population Projection ◽  
Chili Pepper ◽  
Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Pepper Plant ◽  
Net Reproductive Rate ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Wide Range

The green peach aphid, Myzus persicae Sulzer (Hemiptera: Aphididae), a polyphagous insect pest is a major threat to a wide range of crops worldwide. Aiming to evaluate the life history traits of M. persicae, feeding on different host plants, we used five vegetables: cabbage, Brassica oleracea (Brassicaceae); chinese cabbage, B. rapa (Brassicaceae); chili pepper, Capsicum annum (Solanaceae); crown daisy, Chrysanthemum coronarium (Asteraceae); and eggplant, Solanum melongena (Solanaceae). TWOSEX-MSchart software was used for the statistical analysis about the age-stage, two-sex life table theory. The highest fecundity (69.65 individuals) rate of M. persicae, intrinsic rate of increase (r = 0.425 d−1), finite rate of increase (λ = 1.531 d−1), net reproductive rate (R0 = 69.65 offspring), and shortest mean generation time (T = 9.964 d) were recorded on the chili pepper plant. Whereas, lower fitness occurred on cabbage. The findings attained from population growth parameters indicate that chili pepper is the most susceptible plant, while cabbage is resistant to aphids. Population projection results also supported this statement, as the final total population size on cabbage was significantly lower than other plants. The reported information would be useful for devising integrated pest management programs, particularly those involving M. persicae. This information also suggests the adaptability of M. persicae causing economic damage to these vegetable cultivars.

scholarly journals Hosts of Raoiella indica Hirst (Acari: Tenuipalpidae) Native to the Brazilian Amazon

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina A. Gómez-Moya ◽  
Talita P. S. Lima ◽  
Elisângela G. F. Morais ◽  
Manoel G. C. Gondim Jr. ◽  
Gilberto J. De Moraes
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Instantaneous Rate ◽  
Net Reproductive Rate ◽  
Musa Paradisiaca ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Raoiella Indica

The expansion of red palm mite (RPM), Raoiella indica (Acari: Tenuipalpidae) in Brazil could impact negatively the native plant species, especially of the family Arecaceae. To determine which species could be at risk, we investigated the development and reproductive potential of R. indica on 19 plant species including 13 native species to the Brazilian Amazon (12 Arecaceae and one Heliconiaceae), and six exotic species, four Arecaceae, a Musaceae and a Zingiberaceae. Values of the instantaneous rate of increase (ri) were initially estimated at 7, 14, 21 and 28 days after infestation of each species. Higher values of ri (> 0.05) were determined on the Arecaceae Adonidia merrillii, Astrocaryum jauari, Cocos nucifera, Bactris simplicifrons, Mauritia flexuosa, Phoenix dactylifera and Socratea exorrhiza, and on the Heliconiaceae Heliconia psittacorum Sassy; these were classified as “potential primary hosts”. Lower, but still positive values of ri (0-0.05) were determined on the Arecaceae Bactris maraja, Oenocarpus bacaba, Oenocarpus bataua and on the Musaceae Musa × paradisiaca (Prata variety); these were classified as “potential secondary hosts”. Negative values of ri were determined for the remaining plants, i.e., the Arecaceae Astrocaryum aculeatum, Attalea maripa, Bactris gasipaes, Elaeis guineensis, Euterpe oleracea, Euterpe precatoria, and the Zingiberaceae Alpinia rosea; these were considered “non-hosts”. Species with ri < 0.05 were considered not to be threatened by the RPM. Biological parameters of RPM were evaluated on the plant species with positive ri (except B. maraja) and two native species with negative ri (E. oleracea and E. precatoria). Mean developmental time ranged from 14.7 days on C. nucifera to 21.4 days on Musa × paradisiaca, showing a significant influence of the plant substrate. Immature viability, oviposition rate, net reproductive rate (R0) and intrinsic rate of increase (rm) were affected by the plant species.

Comparative performance and digestive physiology of Diaphania indica (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) on Trichosanthes anguina (Cucurbitaceae) cultivars

2020 ◽  
Vol 110 (6) ◽  
pp. 756-766 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahul Debnath ◽  
Syed Husne Mobarak ◽  
Paroma Mitra ◽  
Anandamay Barik
Keyword(s):  
Development Time ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Reproductive Rate ◽  
Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽  
Food Utilization ◽  
Comparative Performance ◽  
Net Reproductive Rate ◽  
Diaphania Indica ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Proteolytic Activities

AbstractDiaphania indica (Saunders) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) is an important phytophagous pest of Trichosanthes anguina L. in India. We studied life table parameters by age-stage, two-sex, amylolytic and proteolytic activities, and food utilization parameters of D. indica on the leaves of three T. anguina cultivars (Baruipur Long, Polo No. 1 and MNSR-1). Further, nutrients (total carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, amino acids and nitrogen) and antinutrients (total phenols, flavonols and tannins) in leaves were determined. The development time (egg to adult emergence) was the shortest on MNSR-1 (19.79 d) and the longest on Polo No. 1 (25.72 d). Fecundity was the highest and lowest on MNSR-1 (259 eggs) and Polo No. 1 (151.22 eggs), respectively. The lowest intrinsic rate of increase (rm) and net reproductive rate (R0) of D. indica on Polo No. 1 were 0.1112 d−1 and 27.22 offspring individual−1, respectively. The mean generation time (T) was the shortest on MNSR-1 (23.99 days) and the longest on Polo No. 1 (29.70 d). The larvae of D. indica fed with MNSR-1 had the highest level of amylolytic and proteolytic activities, and the lowest activities were in the larvae fed with Polo No. 1. The fifth-instar larvae fed with Polo No. 1 had the lowest consumption index and growth rate. The higher larval development time and lower fecundity of D. indica on Polo No. 1 were due to the lower level of nutrients and a higher level of antinutrients than other cultivars. Our results concluded that Polo No. 1 cultivar could be suggested for cultivation.

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