scholarly journals Psychosocial Risk Factors for Food Insecurity in Puerto Ricans Living in the USA from Baseline to 5-Year Follow-Up

2020 ◽  
Vol 150 (8) ◽  
pp. 2199-2203
Author(s):  
Nan Dou ◽  
Dixin Xie ◽  
Xiang Gao ◽  
Natalia Palacios ◽  
Luis M Falcon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Depressive Symptom ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Puerto Rican ◽  
Symptom Score ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Psychosocial Risk ◽  
Unit Increase ◽  
The Usa

ABSTRACT Background Food insecurity is prevalent among Puerto Rican adults in the USA and is associated with adverse psychosocial outcomes. However, the direction of this association has not been established in this understudied population. Objectives In this study, we aimed to examine the longitudinal association between a group of psychosocial risk factors and subsequent food insecurity in a cohort of Puerto Rican adults. Methods Secondary analysis was conducted using data from the prospective Boston Puerto Rican Health Study. A total of 517 Puerto Rican participants aged 45–75 y in the Boston area who were food secure at baseline, and who completed food security surveys at baseline and 5 y were included. Psychosocial factors, including depressive symptoms, stress, tangible social support, and acculturation were assessed with validated instruments. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to examine the risk of food insecurity at 5 y, as a function of psychosocial factors at baseline and their changes over 5 y, adjusting for age, sex, education, baseline and change in total annual household income, and in family size. Results The cumulative incidence of food insecurity at 5 y was 12.6%. The odds of incident food insecurity was significantly associated with baseline depressive symptom score [OR = 1.78 (1.16, 2.76) per each 10 score units], with change in depressive symptom score [OR = 1.50 (1.07, 2.09) per each 10-unit increase], and with change in perceived stress [OR = 1.59 (1.01, 2.51) per each 10-unit increase], after adjusting for potential confounders. Conclusion In this cohort of Puerto Rican adults, depressive symptoms at baseline, and increases in depressive symptoms and perceived stress over 5 y were associated with a higher risk of food insecurity. Psychosocial health and environment appear to play important roles in predicting risk of food insecurity in the Puerto Rican community.

scholarly journals Psychosocial and health-related risk factors for depressive symptom trajectories among midlife women over 15 years: Study of Women's Health Across the Nation (SWAN)

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 250-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joyce T. Bromberger ◽  
Laura L. Schott ◽  
Nancy E. Avis ◽  
Sybil L. Crawford ◽  
Sioban D. Harlow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Depressive Symptom ◽  
Midlife Women ◽  
Role Functioning ◽  
Symptom Trajectories ◽  
Related Risk ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Symptom Trajectory

AbstractBackgroundPsychosocial and health-related risk factors for depressive symptoms are known. It is unclear if these are associated with depressive symptom patterns over time. We identified trajectories of depressive symptoms and their risk factors among midlife women followed over 15 years.MethodsParticipants were 3300 multiracial/ethnic women enrolled in a multisite longitudinal menopause and aging study, Study of Women's Health Across the Nation. Biological, psychosocial, and depressive symptom data were collected approximately annually. Group-based trajectory modeling identified women with similar longitudinal patterns of depressive symptoms. Trajectory groups were compared on time-invariant and varying characteristics using multivariable multinomial analyses and pairwise comparisons.ResultsFive symptom trajectories were compared (50% very low; 29% low; 5% increasing; 11% decreasing; 5% high). Relative to whites, blacks were less likely to be in the increasing trajectory and more likely to be in the decreasing symptom trajectory and Hispanics were more likely to have a high symptom trajectory than an increasing trajectory. Psychosocial/health factors varied between groups. A rise in sleep problems was associated with higher odds of having an increasing trajectory and a rise in social support was associated with lower odds. Women with low role functioning for 50% or more visits had three times the odds of being in the increasing symptom group.ConclusionsChanges in psychosocial and health characteristics were related to changing depressive symptom trajectories. Health care providers need to evaluate women's sleep quality, social support, life events, and role functioning repeatedly during midlife to monitor changes in these and depressive symptoms.

scholarly journals Positive and negative social support and depressive symptoms according to economic status among adults in Korea: cross-sectional results from the Health Examinees-Gem Study

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. e023036 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hwa-Young Lee ◽  
Juhwan Oh ◽  
Ichiro Kawachi ◽  
Jongho Heo ◽  
Sujin Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Depressive Symptom ◽  
Symptom Score ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Social Supports ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Health Examination ◽  
Positive Social Support

ObjectivesThe interaction between positive and negative social support as well as each domain of social support and income on depressive symptom has not been much explored. We aimed to examine the associations of positive and negative social support with the risk of depressive symptoms among urban-dwelling adults in Korea, focusing on those interaction effects.DesignWe used the first wave of a large-scale cohort study called The Health Examinees-Gem Study. Positive and negative support scores ranged between 0 and 6; the variables were then categorised into low, medium, and high groups. A two-level random intercept linear regression model was used, where the first level is individual and the second is the community. We further tested for interactions between each domain of social supports and household income.SettingA survey conducted at 38 health examination centres and training hospitals in major Korean cities and metropolitan areas during 2009–2010.Participants21 208 adult men and women aged between 40 and 69 in Korea (mean age: 52.6, SD: 8.0).Outcome measuresDepressive symptoms score measured by Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale, with scores ranging from 0 to 60.ResultsLevel of positive and negative social support showed a negative and positive association with depressive symptom score with statistical significance at p<0.05, respectively. When the interaction terms among household income and social supports were examined, a negative association between level of positive social support and depressive symptom score was more pronounced as income was lower and level of negative social support was higher. Similarly, positive association between level of negative social support and depressive symptom score was more pronounced as income was lower and level of positive social support was lower.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that strategies for encouraging positive social support and discouraging negative social support for disadvantaged individuals might be effective in reducing depression in Korea.

scholarly journals Depression and Psychosocial Stress Are Associated With Subclinical Carotid Atherosclerosis Among Women Living With HIV

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (13) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew E. Levy ◽  
Kathryn Anastos ◽  
Steven R. Levine ◽  
Michael Plankey ◽  
Amanda D. Castel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Psychosocial Stress ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Plaque Formation ◽  
Psychosocial Risk ◽  
Increased Risk

Background To identify reasons for increased atherosclerotic risk among women living with HIV ( WLWH ), we evaluated the associations between psychosocial risk factors (depressive symptoms, perceived stress, and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms) and subclinical atherosclerosis among WLWH and HIV ‐negative women. Methods and Results Carotid artery focal plaque (localized intima‐media thickness >1.5 mm) was measured using B‐mode ultrasound imaging in 2004–2005 and 2010–2012 in the Women's Interagency HIV Study. We created psychosocial risk groups using latent class analysis and defined prevalent plaque at the final measurement. We also examined repeated semiannual depression measures with respect to focal plaque formation throughout follow‐up. The associations between latent class and prevalent plaque, and between depressive symptom persistence and plaque formation, were assessed separately by HIV status using multivariable logistic regression. Among 700 women (median age 47 years), 2 latent classes were identified: high (n=163) and low (n=537) psychosocial risk, with corresponding prevalence of depression (65%/13%), high stress (96%/12%), and probable posttraumatic stress disorder (46%/2%). Among WLWH , plaque prevalence was 23% and 11% in high versus low psychosocial risk classes (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 2.12; 95% CI, 1.11–4.05) compared with 9% and 9% among HIV ‐negative women (aOR, 1.07; 95% CI, 0.24–4.84), respectively. New plaque formation occurred among 17% and 9% of WLWH who reported high depressive symptoms at ≥45% versus <45% of visits (aOR, 1.96; 95% CI, 1.06–3.64), compared with 9% and 7% among HIV ‐negative women (aOR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.16–4.16), respectively. Conclusions Psychosocial factors were independent atherosclerotic risk factors among WLWH . Research is needed to determine whether interventions for depression and psychosocial stress can mitigate the increased risk of atherosclerosis for WLWH .

scholarly journals Ideal cardiovascular health and psychosocial risk factors among Finnish female municipal workers

2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veera Veromaa ◽  
Hannu Kautiainen ◽  
Ulla Saxen ◽  
Kirsi Malmberg-Ceder ◽  
Elina Bergman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Psychosocial Risk Factors ◽  
Type D Personality ◽  
Psychosocial Risk ◽  
Psychosocial Risk Factor ◽  
Ideal Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Type D ◽  
Work Units

Aims: Ideal cardiovascular health has been defined by the American Heart Association as the absence of disease and the presence of seven key health factors and behaviours. However, little is known about the mental aspects associated with ideal cardiovascular health metrics. The objective of this study was to assess the relationships between psychosocial risk factors and ideal cardiovascular health metrics among Finnish women at municipal work units. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Finland among 732 female employees (mean±SD age 48±10 years) from ten work units in 2014. Ideal cardiovascular health metrics were evaluated with a physical examination, laboratory tests, medical history and self-administrated questionnaires. Psychosocial risk factors (social isolation, stress, depressive symptoms, anxiety, hostility and type D personality) were assessed with core questions as suggested by the European Society of Cardiology. Results: The prevalence of having 5–7 ideal cardiovascular health metrics was 183 (25.0%), of whom 54.1% had at least one psychosocial risk factor. Anxiety (31.3%), work stress (30.7%) and type D personality (26.1%) were the most prevalent of the psychosocial risk factors. The prevalence of depressive symptoms ( p<0.001) and type D personality ( p=0.049) decreased linearly according to the sum of ideal cardiovascular health metrics after adjustment for age and years of education. Conclusions: Even women with good cardiovascular health are affected by psychosocial risk factors at municipal work units. Although the association is possibly bidirectional, screening and treating depression and dealing with type D personality might be crucial in improving cardiovascular health among women.

Obstetric and psychosocial risk factors for depressive symptoms during pregnancy

2012 ◽  
Vol 200 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 323-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert B. Dudas ◽  
Sarolta Csatordai ◽  
Iván Devosa ◽  
Annamária Töreki ◽  
Bálint Andó ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Psychosocial Risk Factors ◽  
Psychosocial Risk

scholarly journals Prevalence of Depressive Symptoms and Associated Psychosocial risk Factors among University Students: The Moderating and Mediating Effects of Resilience

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cyrille Kossigan KOKOU KPOLOU ◽  
Askar Jumageldinov ◽  
Sunyoung Park ◽  
Nicolas Nieuviarts ◽  
Pari-Gole Noorishad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
University Students ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Cumulative Effect ◽  
Mediation Analyses ◽  
Individual Resilience

<p><i>Background</i>: Previous studies have indicated that university students constitute a higher risk population for mental health problems, especially for depression. Yet, there appears to be a lack of literature addressing a such issues in France. The present study aimed to estimate the prevalence rates of depression, its sociodemographic correlates in French university students (FUS), and to examine whether individual resilience resources moderated and mediated the relationship between perceived stress and depressive symptoms. </p> <p><i>Methods</i>: The data were collected through web-based questionnaires. The sample included 1435 FUS with a mean age of 20.5 (<i>SD </i>= 3.38) years. Participants completed the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II), the Perceived Stress Scale, the Brief Resilience Scale, and a sociodemographic questionnaire. Descriptive, multiple logistic regression and mediation analyses were used. </p> <p><i>Results</i>: With respect to the BDI-II’s cutoff scores, 20.3% and 22.8% were positive to moderate and severe depression, respectively (43.1%). Gender and education attainment appeared as moderate risk factors when accounting for cumulative effect of perceived stress and individual resilience. Resilience was found to buffer and mediate partially the perceived stress–depression relationship. </p> <p><i>Conclusion</i>: The prevalence of depression was higher in FUS, as similar to those reported in</p> <p>previous studies. The amount of academic and daily stress explained this prevalence. University students with low resilience level were more at risk. Interventions with aim to improving resilience skills could help to mitigate the negative effects of stress and to promote mental health in this population.</p>

scholarly journals Risk Factors for Food Insecurity in Undergraduate Students at a Rural Liberal Arts Institution (P04-050-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Heying ◽  
Emma Backes
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Liberal Arts ◽  
Rural Setting ◽  
Food Security Status ◽  
Liberal Arts Institution ◽  
Campus Resources

Abstract Objectives The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of food insecurity and accompanying risk factors among undergraduate students at a private liberal-arts institution in a rural setting. Methods A cross-sectional research design was used to analyze the food security status and potential risk factors of undergraduate students. Participants completed an online survey distributed via email. The USDA Six-item Household Food Security Module was used to assess food security status. The perceived stress scale (PSS) assessed perceived stress levels. Participants were also asked about demographics, employment status, living situation, and on or off campus dining options. Results 532 respondents met the criteria for the study (14.5% of total undergraduate enrollment). 35% of female participants (n = 335) and 47% of male participants (n = 197) from the total sample were considered food insecure at some time during the semester. 3rd/4thyear students were more likely to be food insecure than 1st/2nd year students (P = 0.03). Factors that increased risk for food insecurity were: being a student of color, first-generation, working more than 16 hours per week, higher levels of perceived stress, and having a meal-plan that did not provide unlimited access to on-campus dining, Conclusions Food insecurity was prevalent in at least one third of participants at an undergraduate liberal arts institution in a rural community. Institutions in rural communities need to further explore the root of food insecurity to alleviate potential hunger and malnutrition, as these students often depend on on-campus resources due to lack of off-campus resources in the near vicinity. Funding Sources This study was funded through a “Becoming Community” grant to the College of Saint Benedict and Saint John's University provided by the Carnegie Mellon Foundation.

Early increase in vegetative symptoms predicts IFN-α-induced cognitive-depressive changes

2004 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 433-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. C. WICHERS ◽  
G. H. KOEK ◽  
G. ROBAEYS ◽  
A. J. PRAAMSTRA ◽  
M. MAES
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Depressive Symptom ◽  
Symptom Score ◽  
Immune Activation ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Mood State ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
Depressive Cognitions ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C Patients

Background. The vegetative symptoms of depression resemble the symptoms of malaise associated with activation of the inflammatory response system (IRS), and can be regarded as an expression of a central motivational state that resets the organism's priorities to promote recovery from infection. Early vegetative symptoms, however, may also contribute to the high rates of depression seen later in the course of immune activation. We hypothesized that the onset of vegetative-depressive symptoms early in the treatment with the pro-inflammatory cytokine IFN-α in chronic hepatitis C patients would increase the risk for subsequent depressive cognitions.Method. Sixteen patients eligible for IFN-α treatment and free of psychiatric disorders were recruited. The DSM-IV, the Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory, and the Montgomery–Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) were administered at baseline and 1, 2, 4, 8, 12 and 24 weeks after treatment was initiated. Cognitive-depressive and vegetative-depressive symptom clusters were constructed.Results. Fatigue and depression scores increased significantly during IFN-α treatment. Depression scores were highest at week 8 of treatment. First week increase in vegetative-depressive symptom score predicted cognitive-depressive symptom score at week 8 and at week 24.Conclusions. During IFN-α treatment, vegetative symptoms of depression appear earlier than, and are predictive of, their cognitive counterparts. This finding suggests that low mood state may in part be driven by the increase in early vegetative-depressive symptoms in the course of IFN-α-induced immune activation.

Abstract P282: Depressive Symptoms Are Associated with Worsening of Arterial Stiffness With Mental Stress

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 129 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pratik M Pimple ◽  
Amit J Shah ◽  
Cherie Rooks ◽  
J. Douglas Bremner ◽  
Ijeoma Ibeanu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
Mental Stress ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Psychosocial Risk Factors ◽  
The State ◽  
Psychosocial Risk ◽  
Trait Anger

Introduction: Arterial stiffness is an important marker of cardiovascular risk which worsens with acute mental stress. Psychological conditions, particularly depression, have been linked to recurrent cardiac events and death, but the mechanisms are unclear. We examined whether depressive symptoms, anxiety and anger worsen arterial stiffness induced by mental stress. Methods: In 81 subjects with a history of MI in the previous 6 months, we used the SphygmoCor® Pulse Wave Velocity system at rest and 60 minutes after a standardized psychological stress (via speech task) and after a conventional physical (exercise or pharmacological) stress test. The central augmentation index (CAIx) was derived by pulse wave analysis software and the difference between CAIx after each stress condition and the respective resting phase was calculated. Depressive symptoms were assessed with the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), state and trait anxiety with the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and state and trait anger with the State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory (STAXI-II). Linear regression models were used to model the association between change in CAIx with each stress (dependent variable) and BDI total score, anxiety and anger subscales as individual predictors, adjusting for potential confounding factors. Results: Forty-one subjects were ≤ 50 years of age, 41 were female and 46 were non-white. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure and heart rate significantly increased in response to mental stress (48 ± 23 and 30 ± 13 (mmHg), and 28 ± 18 (bpm); p<0.001 for each), but this increase was not related to psychosocial risk factors. None of the psychosocial risk factors were associated with baseline/resting phase CAix. In unadjusted analysis, BDI total score, trait anger and trait anxiety were all significantly associated with an increase in CAIx with mental stress. After adjustment for demographic factors, CAD risk factors, CAD severity, and hemodynamic changes induced by mental stress, each 1-point increase in the BDI total score was associated with 0.34 units increase in mental stress-induced change in CAIx (95% CI: 0.10 - 0.57, p=0.005). The association did not persist for trait anger and anxiety, however. None of the psychological factors were related to changes in CAIx induced by physical stress. Conclusion: Higher depressive, but not anxiety or anger symptoms are associated with an increase in arterial stiffness during mental stress. This finding may provide a mechanistic link for the association between depression and adverse cardiovascular outcomes.

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