Effects of nitrogen addition on clonal integration between mother and daughter ramets of Moso bamboo: a 13C-CO2 pulse labeling study

Abstract Aims Resource sharing among connected ramets (i.e., clonal integration) is one of the distinct traits of clonal plants. Clonal integration confers Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens) a strong adaptability to different environmental conditions. But the mechanisms of how clonal integration makes Moso bamboo has better performance are still poorly understood. In this study, acropetal and basipetal translocation of photosynthates between Moso bamboo ramets were analyzed separately, to investigate how clonal fragments obtain higher benefits under heterogeneous N conditions. Methods Clonal fragments of Moso bamboo consisting of two interconnected mother-daughter ramets were used, each of the ramets was subjected to either with or without N addition. The acropetal and basipetal translocation of 13C-photosynthates were separated via single-ramet 13CO2-labeling. Important Findings Mother ramets translocated more 13C-photosynthates to daughter ramets with N addition, and the translocation of 13C-photosynthates to mother ramets was more pronounced when daughter ramets were treated with N addition. The 13C-photosynthates that were translocated from mother ramets without and with N addition were mainly invested in the leaves and roots of daughter ramets with N addition, from daughter ramets with N addition were mainly invested in the leaves and roots of mother ramets with and without N addition, respectively. These results suggest that mother ramets preferentially invest more resources in nutrient-rich daughter ramets, and that daughter ramets serve as efficient resource acquisition sites to specialize in acquiring abundant resources based on the resource conditions of mother ramets. Clonal plants can improve their resource acquisition efficiency and maximize the overall performance through this way.

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Nitrogen addition decreases methane uptake caused by methanotroph and methanogen imbalances in a Moso bamboo forest

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-84422-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Quan Li ◽

Changhui Peng ◽

Junbo Zhang ◽

Yongfu Li ◽

Xinzhang Song

Keyword(s):

Community Structure ◽

Forest Soils ◽

Nitrogen Addition ◽

N Deposition ◽

Moso Bamboo ◽

Bamboo Forest ◽

N Addition ◽

Atmospheric Methane ◽

Key Factor ◽

Moso Bamboo Forest

AbstractForest soils play an important role in controlling global warming by reducing atmospheric methane (CH4) concentrations. However, little attention has been paid to how nitrogen (N) deposition may alter microorganism communities that are related to the CH4 cycle or CH4 oxidation in subtropical forest soils. We investigated the effects of N addition (0, 30, 60, or 90 kg N ha−1 yr−1) on soil CH4 flux and methanotroph and methanogen abundance, diversity, and community structure in a Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) forest in subtropical China. N addition significantly increased methanogen abundance but reduced both methanotroph and methanogen diversity. Methanotroph and methanogen community structures under the N deposition treatments were significantly different from those of the control. In N deposition treatments, the relative abundance of Methanoculleus was significantly lower than that in the control. Soil pH was the key factor regulating the changes in methanotroph and methanogen diversity and community structure. The CH4 emission rate increased with N addition and was negatively correlated with both methanotroph and methanogen diversity but positively correlated with methanogen abundance. Overall, our results suggested that N deposition can suppress CH4 uptake by altering methanotroph and methanogen abundance, diversity, and community structure in subtropical Moso bamboo forest soils.

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Nitrogen addition increased CO2 uptake more than non-CO2 greenhouse gases emissions in a Moso bamboo forest

Science Advances ◽

10.1126/sciadv.aaw5790 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (12) ◽

pp. eaaw5790 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Xinzhang Song ◽

Changhui Peng ◽

Philippe Ciais ◽

Quan Li ◽

Wenhua Xiang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nitrogen Addition ◽

N Deposition ◽

Moso Bamboo ◽

Co2 Uptake ◽

Bamboo Forest ◽

N Addition ◽

Atmospheric N Deposition ◽

Biomass Increment ◽

Ecosystem Level ◽

Moso Bamboo Forest

Atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition affects the greenhouse gas (GHG) balance of ecosystems through the net atmospheric CO2 exchange and the emission of non-CO2 GHGs (CH4 and N2O). We quantified the effects of N deposition on biomass increment, soil organic carbon (SOC), and N2O and CH4 fluxes and, ultimately, the net GHG budget at ecosystem level of a Moso bamboo forest in China. Nitrogen addition significantly increased woody biomass increment and SOC decomposition, increased N2O emission, and reduced soil CH4 uptake. Despite higher N2O and CH4 fluxes, the ecosystem remained a net GHG sink of 26.8 to 29.4 megagrams of CO2 equivalent hectare−1 year−1 after 4 years of N addition against 22.7 hectare−1 year−1 without N addition. The total net carbon benefits induced by atmospheric N deposition at current rates of 30 kilograms of N hectare−1 year−1 over Moso bamboo forests across China were estimated to be of 23.8 teragrams of CO2 equivalent year−1.

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The species-specific responses of nutrient resorption and carbohydrate accumulation in leaves and roots to nitrogen addition in a subtropical mixed plantation

Canadian Journal of Forest Research ◽

10.1139/cjfr-2018-0322 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 49 (7) ◽

pp. 826-835

Author(s):

Wen-Sheng Bu ◽

Fu-Sheng Chen ◽

Fang-Chao Wang ◽

Xiang-Min Fang ◽

Rong Mao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nitrogen Addition ◽

Chinese Fir ◽

Nutrient Resorption ◽

N Addition ◽

Carbohydrate Accumulation ◽

Absorptive Roots ◽

Mixed Plantation ◽

Leaves And Roots ◽

One Year ◽

Accumulation Efficiency

Ephemeral tissues such as leaves and fine roots are sensitive to nutrient alteration. Whether nutrient addition can influence the linkage between nutrient resorption and carbohydrate accumulation in leaves and roots is not clear. We measured nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) concentrations and nonstructural carbohydrates (NSC) of the <one- and >one-year-old leaves and absorptive and transportive roots in two species of a mixed plantation during the dormant and growing seasons within an N-addition experiment. Nitrogen addition decreased N and P resorption efficiencies (NRE and PRE, respectively) in leaves of Chinese fir and increased PRE in absorptive roots of Chinese fir but did not alter either efficiency in any tissues of Chinese sweetgum. Nitrogen addition increased starch accumulation efficiency (STAE) in >one-year-old leaves of Chinese fir but decreased soluble sugar accumulation efficiency (SSAE) in absorptive roots of Chinese sweetgum. Both NRE and PRE were negatively correlated with SSAE, STAE, and NSC accumulation efficiency (NSCAE) in >one-year-old leaves of Chinese fir, but this pattern was not found in leaves of Chinese sweetgum. Our study indicates that N addition can influence the linkage between nutrient resorption and NSC in leaves and roots, and this response to nutrient availability is species-dependent.

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Anti-fungal activity of moso bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens) leaf extract and its development into a botanical fungicide to control pepper phytophthora blight

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-83598-y ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Min Liao ◽

Xuexiang Ren ◽

Quan Gao ◽

Niuniu Liu ◽

Feng Tang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Leaf Extract ◽

Active Component ◽

Synergistic Effects ◽

Moso Bamboo ◽

Phyllostachys Pubescens ◽

Phytophthora Blight ◽

Edible Plant ◽

Fungal Activity ◽

Anti Fungal ◽

Pepper Phytophthora Blight

AbstractMoso bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens, Gramineae) is a well-known medicinal and edible plant found in China with various bioactivities, but few systematic studies address the utilization of its anti-fungal activity. The extract of moso bamboo leaf showed good anti-fungal activity to Phytophthora capsici, Fusarium graminearum, Valsa mali Miyabe et Yamada, Botryosphaeria dothidea, Venturia nashicola, and Botrytis cinerea Pers, with inhibitory rate of 100.00%, 75.12%, 60.66%, 57.24%, 44.62%, and 30.16%, respectively. Anti-fungal activity was different by the difference of samples picking time and location. The extract showed good synergistic effects with carbendazim at the ratios of 9:1 and 15:1 (extract : carbendazim), and the co-toxicity coefficients were 124.4 and 139.95. Compound 2 was isolated and identified as the main active component, with the EC50 value of 11.02 mg L−1. Then, the extract was formulated as a 10% emulsion in water, which was stable and had no acute toxic effects. Moreover, a field trial about this formulation was assayed to control pepper phytophthora blight, with the control effect of 85.60%. These data provided a better understanding of the anti-fungal activity and relevant active component of moso bamboo leaf extract. Taken together, our findings illustrated that bamboo leaf extract could be developed and utilized as a botanical fungicide or fungicide adjuvant.

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Water Resistance and Creep Behavior of Heat-Treated Moso Bamboo Determined by the Stepped Isostress Method

Polymers ◽

10.3390/polym13081264 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (8) ◽

pp. 1264

Author(s):

Teng-Chun Yang ◽

Tung-Lin Wu ◽

Chin-Hao Yeh

Keyword(s):

Heat Treatment ◽

Water Absorption ◽

Creep Behavior ◽

Heat Treatment Temperature ◽

Water Resistance ◽

Absorption Efficiency ◽

Treatment Temperature ◽

Moso Bamboo ◽

Phyllostachys Pubescens ◽

Heat Treated

The influence of heat treatment on the physico-mechanical properties, water resistance, and creep behavior of moso bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens) was determined in this study. The results revealed that the density, moisture content, and flexural properties showed negative relationships with the heat treatment temperature, while an improvement in the dimensional stability (anti-swelling efficiency and anti-water absorption efficiency) of heat-treated samples was observed during water absorption tests. Additionally, the creep master curves of the untreated and heat-treated samples were successfully constructed using the stepped isostress method (SSM) at a series of elevated stresses. Furthermore, the SSM-predicted creep compliance curves fit well with the 90-day full-scale experimental data. When the heat treatment temperature increased to 180 °C, the degradation ratio of the creep resistance (rd) significantly increased over all periods. However, the rd of the tested bamboo decreased as the heat treatment temperature increased up to 220 °C.

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MICROSTRUCTURE ANALYSIS OF MOSO BAMBOO (Phyllostachys pubescens MAZEL) SURFACE AFTER UV RADIATION

Surface Review and Letters ◽

10.1142/s0218625x19500902 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 27 (01) ◽

pp. 1950090

Author(s):

HAIXIA YU ◽

XIN PAN ◽

WEIMING YANG ◽

WENFU ZHANG ◽

XIAOWEI ZHUANG

Keyword(s):

Uv Radiation ◽

Cell Walls ◽

Uv Light ◽

Parenchyma Cell ◽

Moso Bamboo ◽

Thick Wall ◽

Phyllostachys Pubescens ◽

Thin Wall ◽

Intercellular Spaces ◽

Parenchyma Cell Walls

Bamboo material is widely used in outdoor applications. However, they are easily degraded when exposed to sunlight, their smooth surface will gradually turn to rough, and small cracks will appear and finally develop to large cracks. The paper presents a first-time investigation on the microstructure changes in the tangential section of Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens Mazel) radiated by artificial UV light. The results showed that the cracks mainly appeared at intercellular spaces of fibers where lignin content was high, the parenchyma cell walls and neighbor pits where the cell wall was very thin and more vulnerable than the other parts. In addition, the part of raised area and pit cavity tended to absorb more UV light radiation and showed more and larger cracks than the otherwhere. Cracks at the intercellular spaces of fibers were larger and bigger than those on the parenchyma cell walls. The cracks on the pits of the parenchyma cell walls normally appeared at one pit and then extended to the several surrounding pits. Bordered pits cavity showed more and larger cracks than the pits on the thin wall cells. The simple pits on the thick wall cells and the fiber cells were unaffected by UV radiation.

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