Perennially young: seed production and quality in controlled and natural populations of Cistus albidus reveal compensatory mechanisms that prevent senescence in terms of seed yield and viability

AbstractSeveral biotic and abiotic stresses significantly decrease the biomass accumulation and seed yield of sesame crops under rainfed areas. However, plant growth regulators (such as Paclobutrazol) can improve the total dry matter and seed production of the sesame crop. The effects of the paclobutrazol application on dry matter accumulation and seed yield had not been studied before in sesame under rainfed conditions. Therefore, a two-year field study during 2018 and 2019 was conducted with key objectives to assess the impacts of paclobutrazol on leaf greenness, leaf area, total dry matter production and partitioning, seed shattering, and seed yield of sesame. Two sesame cultivars (TS-5 and TS-3) were treated with four paclobutrazol concentrations (P0 = Control, P1 = 100 mg L−1, P2 = 200 mg L−1, P3 = 300 mg L−1). The experiment was executed in RCBD-factorial design with three replications. Compared with P0, treatment P3 improved the leaf greenness of sesame by 17%, 38%, and 60% at 45, 85, and 125 days after sowing, respectively. However, P3 treatment decreased the leaf area of sesame by 14% and 20% at 45 and 85 days after sowing than P0, respectively. Compared with P0, treatment P3 increased the leaf area by 46% at 125 days after sowing. On average, treatment P3 also improved the total biomass production by 21% and partitioning in roots, stems, leaves, capsules, and seeds by 23%, 19%, 23%, 22%, and 40%, respectively, in the whole growing seasons as compared to P0. Moreover, under P3 treatment, sesame attained the highest seed yield and lowest seed shattering by 27% and 30%, respectively, compared to P0. This study indicated that by applying the paclobutrazol concentration at the rate of 300 mg L−1 in sesame, the leaf greenness, leaf areas, biomass accumulation, partitioning, seed yield, and shatter resistance could be improved. Thus, the optimum paclobutrazol level could enhance the dry matter accumulation and seed production capacity of sesame by decreasing shattering losses under rainfed conditions.

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Increase Longleaf Pine Seed Yields by Inhibiting Conelet Abortion

Southern Journal of Applied Forestry ◽

10.1093/sjaf/11.1.6 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 6-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Robert C. Hare

Keyword(s):

Boric Acid ◽

Seed Production ◽

Seed Yield ◽

Longleaf Pine ◽

Foliar Spray ◽

Seed Yields

Abstract A single foliar spray with either antiethylene compounds or cytokinins shortly after anthesis reduced conelet abortion by half and doubled seed production. Spraying with boric acid plus Cytex® , a relatively economical form of cytokinin derived from seaweed, was equally effective,and addition of certain antiethylene compounds further improved seed yield. South. J. Appl. For. 11(1):6-9.

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Interference and Seed Production by Common Lambsquarters (Chenopodium album) in Soybeans (Glycine max)

Weed Science ◽

10.1017/s004317450005623x ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 38 (2) ◽

pp. 113-118 ◽

Cited By ~ 40

Author(s):

S. Kent Harrison

Keyword(s):

Seed Production ◽

Seed Yield ◽

Chenopodium Album ◽

Soybean Seed ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Threshold Level ◽

Yield Reduction ◽

Significant Treatment ◽

Weed Biomass ◽

Common Lambsquarters

Multiple regression and response surface plots were used to analyze the effects of common lambsquarters population density and interference duration on weed growth and soybean seed yield. Under favorable growing conditions in 1986, weed biomass production at all population densities and interference durations was four to five times that produced in 1987, under less favorable conditions. However, there was no significant treatment by year interaction for soybean seed yield reduction by common lambsquarters, and production of each kg/ha weed biomass resulted in an average soybean yield reduction of 0.26 kg/ha. Utilizing 5% yield loss as an arbitrary threshold level, the regression equation predicted a common lambsquarters density threshold of 2 plants/m of row for 5 weeks of interference after crop emergence and 1 plant/m of row for 7 weeks. Seed production by individual common lambsquarters plants was highly correlated (r=0.92) with weed dry weight, and seed production ranged from 30 000 to 176 000 seeds/plant.

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INFLUENCE DES CULTIVARS ET DES STADES DE PRÉLÈVEMENT DE LA PREMIÈRE POUSSE SUR LA PRODUCTION DE SEMENCE DE TRÈFLE ROUGE

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/cjps90-129 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 70 (4) ◽

pp. 1071-1080 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

LUCIUS BELZILE

Keyword(s):

Seed Germination ◽

Seed Production ◽

Seed Yield ◽

Trifolium Pratense ◽

Red Clover ◽

Kernel Weight ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Cultivar Group ◽

Stage Of Development ◽

Clover Seed

For five years, the effect of cultivars and vegetative stage of cutting were measured on red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) seed production. The first group of cultivars included Hungaropoli, Ottawa and Lakeland harvested in 1981 and 1982. The second group included Arlington, Florex and Prosper I harvested in 1984, 1985 and 1987. The total annual seed yield differed within cultivars and the highest seed yield was obtained with Hungaropoly and Florex. In the first cultivar group, the tetraploid Hungaropoly obtained a kernel weight higher than the diploids Lakeland and Ottawa. In the second group of cultivars, all diploids, Arlington yielded the highest kernel weight. The percentage of seed germination of Hungaropoly was higher than Lakeland and Ottawa while for Florex it was slightly higher than Arlington and Prosper I. A prior vegetative cutting is essential for good seed yield. In the absence of vegetative cutting seed weight seemed improved. The stage of development at which vegetative cutting is done has little influence on percentage seed germination. These results have shown that despite the strong effect of climatic conditions on seed production, the choice of the optimum stage for vegetative cutting and a well adapted cultivar are important aspects in successful seed production.Key words: Red clover, seed production, cultivar, stage of cutting

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Effective Seed Yield and Flowering Synchrony of Parents of CIMMYT Three-Way-Cross Tropical Maize Hybrids

Agriculture ◽

10.3390/agriculture11020161 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 161

Author(s):

Alberto A. Chassaigne-Ricciulli ◽

Leopoldo E. Mendoza-Onofre ◽

Leobigildo Córdova-Téllez ◽

Aquiles Carballo-Carballo ◽

Félix M. San Vicente-García ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Seed Production ◽

Seed Yield ◽

Grain Filling ◽

Sowing Date ◽

Planting Density ◽

Planting Dates ◽

Flowering Synchrony ◽

Sowing Dates ◽

Grain Filling Period ◽

Hybrid Maize

Genotype, environmental temperature, and agronomic management of parents influence seed yield in three-way cross hybrid maize seed production. The objective of this research was to generate information on the seed production of six three-way cross hybrids and their progenitors, adapted to tropical lowlands. Data on days to—and duration of—flowering, distance to spike and stigmas, and seed yield of five female single crosses and five male inbred lines were recorded for different combinations of four planting densities and four sowing dates in Mexico. The effect of planting density was not significant. The male inbred line T10 was the earliest and highest seed yield and T31 the latest, occupying second place in yield. The single crosses T32/T10 and T13/T14 were the earliest and had the highest effective seed yield. At the earliest sowing date, the females were later in their flowering, accumulated fewer growing degree days (GDD), and obtained higher yields since the grain-filling period coincided with hot days and cool nights. To achieve greater floral synchronization and therefore greater production of hybrid seed, differential planting dates for parents are recommended based on information from the accumulated GDD of each parent. The three-way cross hybrids were classified according to the expected seed yield of the females and the complexity in the synchronization of flowering of their parents.

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Yield Characteristics of Moringa oleifera Across Different Ecologies in Nigeria as an Index of Its Adaptation to Climate Change

Sustainable Agriculture Research ◽

10.5539/sar.v3n1p95 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 95 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Ndubuaku U. M. ◽

Ndubuaku T. C. N. ◽

Ndubuaku N. E.

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Temperature Distribution ◽

Seed Production ◽

Seed Yield ◽

Moringa Oleifera ◽

Climatic Changes ◽

Adaptation To Climate Change ◽

Production Capacities

The pod and yield characteristics of Moringa oleifera plants grown in Ibadan (Rainforest vegetation), Nsukka (Forest-derived savannah vegetation) and Jos (arid derived savannah vegetation) were evaluated from 2007- 2009 to assess adaptability of the plant to climate change threats. The rainfall and temperature distribution in the three locations varied over the years. The Moringa oleifera plants grown at Ibadan had the greatest pod and seed yield followed by those at Nsukka and Jos in that order. The annual pod and seed production capacities of the plants differed significantly (p < 0.05) in the different locations. The overall annual pod and seed production per location, including yield characteristics, did not differ significantly throughout the years of study. Moringa oleifera was therefore found to be a suitable crop adaptable to various environmental and climatic changes in Nigeria.

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Effect of method and time of application of nitrogen fertiliser on yield and quality of seed of creeping red fescue

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/p99-151 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 80 (4) ◽

pp. 809-811 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

N. A. Fairey ◽

L. P. Lefkovitch

Keyword(s):

Seed Production ◽

Seed Yield ◽

Seed Quality ◽

Early Spring ◽

Festuca Rubra ◽

Grass Seed ◽

Red Fescue ◽

Time Of Application ◽

Vigorous Plant ◽

Tiller Density

Six trials were conducted on commercial seed fields of creeping red fescue (Festuca rubra L. var. rubra) in the Peace region to evaluate the sensitivity of seed production to the method and time of application of N fertiliser. In each trial, 68 kg ha−1 N was applied using three methods (surface-broadcast, granular, ammonium nitrate 34-0-0; foliar/soil spray of 28-0-0 solution N; soil-injected 28-0-0 solution N) at each of three times (fall, early spring, late spring). No statistically significant (P = 0.05) interaction, or main effect, of method and time of N were revealed for seed yield, fertile tiller density or for several seed quality characteristics. Seed yield varied greatly among trials (142 to 1240 kg ha−1) and averaged 566 kg ha−1. The results indicate that there is considerable flexibility in the method and time of application of N fertiliser for seed production of creeping red fescue in the Peace region, provided it is applied before the commencement of vigorous plant growth in the spring. Key words: Creeping red fescue, Festuca rubra L., nitrogen fertility, grass seed production, grass seed quality

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Nitrogen Fertilizer Management Practices to Enhance Seed Production by `Anaheim Chili' Peppers

Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science ◽

10.21273/jashs.115.2.245 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 115 (2) ◽

pp. 245-251 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

J.O. Payero ◽

M.S. Bhangoo ◽

J.J. Steiner

Keyword(s):

Seed Production ◽

Seed Yield ◽

Management Practices ◽

Irrigation System ◽

Seed Mass ◽

Fruit Production ◽

Trickle Irrigation ◽

Total N ◽

Leaf Petiole ◽

Total Seed

The effects of six applied N treatments differing by rates and frequencies of application on the yield and quality of pepper (Capsicum annuum var. annuum L. `Anaheim Chili') grown for seed was studied. The timing of N applications was based on crop phenology, leaf petiole nitrate-nitrogen concentrations (NO3-N) minimum thresholds, and scheduled calendar applications of fixed amounts of N. Solubilized NH4NO3 was applied through a trickle-irrigation system to ensure uniform and timely applications of N. Rate of mature (green and red) fruit production was unaffected by any treatment except weekly applications of 28 kg·ha-1 of N, which stopped production of mature fruit before all other treatments. Early season floral bud and flower production increased with increasing amounts of N. The two highest total N treatments produced more floral buds and flowers late in the season than the other treatments. Total fruit production was maximized at 240 kg N/ha. Differences in total fruit production due to frequency of N application resulted at the highest total N level. Red fruit production tended to be maximized with total seasonal applied N levels of 240 kg·ha-1 and below, although weekly applications of N reduced production. Total seed yield was a function of red fruit production. Pure-1ive seed (PLS) production was a function of total seed production. Nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) for red fruit production also decreased with N rates >240 kg·ha-1, but PLS yield and NUE decreased in a near-linear fashion as the amount of total seasonal applied N increased, regardless of application frequency. Season average NO3-N (AVE NO3-N) values >4500 mg·kg-1 had total seed and PLS yields less than those treatments <4000 mg·kg-1. Six-day germination percentage was reduced with weekly N applications of 14 kg·ha-1. Seed mass was reduced with weekly N applications of 28 kg·ha-1. Final germination percent, seedling root length and weight, and field emergence were unaffected by any of the N treatments. These findings indicate that different N management strategies are needed to maximize seed yield compared to fruit yield and, therefore, there may be an advantage to growing `Anaheim Chili' pepper specifically for seed.

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Effect of Planting Method and Seeding Date on Leaf and Seed Production of Lettuce

Asian Journal of Agricultural and Horticultural Research ◽

10.9734/ajahr/2019/v4i430037 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-12

Author(s):

M. Shahinul ◽

M. Rahman ◽

M. M. R. Salim ◽

B. Ahmed ◽

M. H. Rashid

Keyword(s):

Seed Production ◽

Seed Yield ◽

Block Design ◽

Direct Seeding ◽

Dry Matter Content ◽

Quality Traits ◽

Treatment Combination ◽

Leaf Yield ◽

Seeding Time ◽

Planting Method

Aim: The objective of this study is to identify the suitable planting method and seeding time for leaf and seed production of lettuce. Place and Duration: A field study was carried out in Bangadandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Gazipur Bangladesh during 2012-13. Materials and Design: A commercial lettuce variety BSMRAU lettuce-1 was used in this study. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications and two factors, namely planting method (M1 – transplanted seedling produced on nursery bed, M2 - transplanted seedling produced in polybag and M3 - direct seeding) and seeding time (T1 - 16 October, T2 - 1 November, T3 - 16 November, T4 - 1 December and T5 - 16 December). Results: Analyses of variance revealed with a statistically significant variation (p<0.01 or p<0.05) among the treatments. The treatment interaction revealed that the highest leaf yield 27.33 t/ha was harvested from M3T2, which was statistically similar with M2T2 (26.78 t/ha). On the other hand, the highest seed yield 412.00 kg/ha was harvested from the treatment combination of M3T2, which was statistically different from all other treatment combinations. Quality traits viz. dry matter content, fiber content and organoleptic test were also better in early seeding. Conclusion: Considering leaf yield, seed yield and quality traits, direct seeding at 1 November was found to be the most suitable treatment combination for leaf and seed production of lettuce in Bangladesh conditions. But transplanting with polybag raised seedlings may be suitable if the land is occupied by the pervious crops.

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Residue management increases seed yield of three turfgrass species on the Canadian prairies

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/p01-126 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 82 (4) ◽

pp. 687-692 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

B. D. Gossen ◽

J. J. Soroka ◽

H. G. Najda

Keyword(s):

Seed Production ◽

Seed Yield ◽

Poa Pratensis ◽

Creeping Bentgrass ◽

Kentucky Bluegrass ◽

Residue Management ◽

Row Spacing ◽

Seeding Rate ◽

Canadian Prairies ◽

The Impact

Little information is available on the management of turfgrass species for seed production in the Canadian prairies. The objective of these studies was to assess the impact of residue management and row spacing on seed yield under irrigation. A factorial experiment was seeded at Saskatoon, SK, in 1993 to assess the impact of burning or scalping (very close mowing with residue removal) vs. mowing, and 20- vs. 40-cm row spacing on seed yield of Kentucky bluegrass (KBG) (Poa pratensis), creeping red fescue (CRF) (Festuca rubra subsp. rubra) and creeping bentgrass (CBG) (Agrostis palustris). Also, a residue management trial on KBG was seeded at Brooks, AB, in 1993. At Saskatoon, yield was higher at 20-cm spacing across all three species in 1994, but spacing had no impact on winter survival, stand density, tiller growth or yield in subsequent years. Burning and scalping consistently resulted in earlier spring green-up, a higher proportion of fertile tillers, and higher seed yield than mowing. Even with residue management, yield declined after one harvest in CBG and CRF, and after two harvests in KBG. At Brooks, residue management had a similar impact on yield of KBG. A second trial at Brooks examined the impact of row spacing (20, 40, 60 cm) and seeding rate (0.5 to 6 kg seed ha-1) on KBG. Seed yield was highest at 40-cm spacings in 1994, at 60 cm in 1995, and at 40 to 60 cm in 1996. Seeding rate did not have a consistent effect on yield. We conclude that a combination of residue management and 20- to 40-cm spacings provide the highest, most consistent seed yields for these turfgrass species in this region. Key words: Burning, clipping, turfgrass, seed production, row spacing, Poa, Festuca, Agrostis

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