scholarly journals Biomarkers for grain yield stability in rice under drought stress

2019 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 669-683 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Melandri ◽  
Hamada AbdElgawad ◽  
David Riewe ◽  
Jos A Hageman ◽  
Han Asard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Yield Stability ◽  
Reproductive Stage ◽  
Stress Profile ◽  
Harvest Time ◽  
Metabolic Oxidative Stress

The metabolic-oxidative stress profile of the rice flag leaf during drought stress in the reproductive stage is highly predictive for grain yield loss sensitivity of 292 accessions at harvest time.

Genetic Dissection of Epistatic Interactions Contributing Grain Yield Variability in Rice under Drought

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ratna Rani Majumder ◽  
Nitika Sandhu ◽  
Shailesh Yadav ◽  
Margaret Catolos ◽  
Ma. Teresa Sta. Cruz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Genetic Background ◽  
Reproductive Stage ◽  
Yield Variability ◽  
Marker Interval ◽  
Negative Interaction ◽  
Epistatic Interactions ◽  
Lattice Design ◽  
Drought Tolerant

Aims: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the performance of ‘high’-‘low’ yielding pyramided lines (PLs) with the same combinations of qDTYs in Samba Mahsuri, MR219 and IR64-Sub1 genetic backgrounds and understand the genetic interactions of QTL and with genetic background affecting grain yield. Background: Epistasis regulates the expression of traits governed by several major/minor genes/QTL. Multiple pyramided lines (PLs) with the same grain yield QTL (qDTYs) combinations but possessing grain yield variability under different levels of reproductive stage drought stress were identified in different rice genetic backgrounds at International Rice Research Institute (IRRI). Objectives: The objectives of the present study were to evaluate the performance pyramided lines (PLs) with drought QTL in the backgrounds of Samba Mahsuri, MR219 and IR64-Sub1 under reproductive stage drought stress (RS) and NS (non-stress) conditions ii) to understand the effect of epistatic interactions of qDTYs and with genetic background on GY under the differential level of stress iii) to identify the promising drought-tolerant lines with high yield under drought and higher background recovery in different genetic backgrounds. Results: Several digenic interactions were found in different genetic backgrounds, 13 interactions in Samba Mahsuri, 11 in MR219 and 20 in IR64-Sub1 backgrounds. Among all digenic interactions, one QTL × QTL interaction, 17 QTL × background and 26 background × background interactions resulted in GY reduction in low yielding PLs in different genetic backgrounds under LSS or LMS. Negative interaction of qDTY3.1, qDTY4.1 and qDTY9.1 with background markers and background × background interactions caused up to 15% GY reduction compared to the high yielding PLs under LMS in the Samba Mahsuri PLs. In MR219 PLs, the negative interaction of qDTY2.2, qDTY3.2, qDTY4.1 and qDTY12.1 with the background marker interval RM314-RM539, RM273-RM349 and RM445-RM346, RM473D-RM16, respectively resulted in 52% GY reduction compared to the high yielding PLs under LSS. In IR64-Sub1 PLs, qDTY6.1 interacted with background loci at RM16-RM135, RM228-RM333, RM202-RM287 and RM415-RM558A marker interval under LSS; and at RM475-RM525 marker interval under LMS, causing GY reduction to 58% compared to the high yielding PLs. Conclusion: High yielding PLs in Samba Mahsuri (IR 99734:1-33-69-1-22-6), MR219 (IR 99784-156-87-2-4-1) and IR64-Sub1 (IR 102784:2-89-632-2-1-2) backgrounds without any negative interactions were identified. The identified selected promising PLs may be used as potential drought-tolerant donors or may be released as varieties for drought-prone ecosystems in different countries. Methods: The experiments were conducted in 2015DS (dry season), 2015WS (wet season) and 2017 DS at IRRI, Los Baños, Philippines, in a transplanted lowland ecosystem under lowland severe stress (LSS), moderate lowland stress (LMS) and lowland non-stress (LNS). The experiments were laid out in alpha lattice design with two replications.

scholarly journals Simulated Assessment of Summer Maize Drought Loss Sensitivity in Huaibei Plain, China

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanqi Wei ◽  
Juliang Jin ◽  
Shangming Jiang ◽  
Shaowei Ning ◽  
Yi Cui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Agricultural Drought ◽  
Summer Maize ◽  
Jointing Stage ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Yield Formation

In an agricultural drought risk system, crop drought loss sensitivity evaluation is a fundamental link for quantitative agricultural drought loss risk assessment. Summer maize growth processes under various drought patterns were simulated using the Cropping System Model (CSM)-CERES-maize, which was calibrated and validated based on pit experiments conducted in the Huaibei Plain during 2016 and 2017 seasons. Then S-shaped maize drought loss sensitivity curve was built for fitting the relationship between drought hazard index intensity at a given stage and the corresponding dry matter accumulation and grain yield loss rate, respectively. Drought stress reduced summer maize evapotranspiration, dry matter, and yield accumulation, and the reductions increased with the drought intensity at each stage. Moreover, the losses caused by drought at different stages were significantly different. When maize plants were exposed to a severe water deficit at the jointing stage, the dry matter and grain yield formation were greatly affected. Therefore, maize growth was more sensitive to drought stress at the jointing stage when the stress was serious. Furthermore, when plants encountered a relatively slight drought during the seedling or jointing stage, which represented as a lower soil water deficit intensity, the grain yield loss rates approached the maximum for the sensitivity curves of these two stages. Therefore, summer maize tolerance to water deficit at the seedling and jointing stages were weak, and yield formation was more sensitive to water deficit during these two stages when the deficit was relatively slight.

scholarly journals Drought stress during the reproductive stage of two soybean lines

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa do Rosário Rosa ◽  
Adinan Alves da Silva ◽  
Danielle Santos Brito ◽  
José Domingos Pereira Júnior ◽  
Cíntia Oliveira Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Photosynthetic Apparatus ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
Reproductive Stage ◽  
Chloroplast Pigments ◽  
Severe Water Deficit ◽  
Effects Of Drought ◽  
Water Limitations

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of drought stress in the reproductive stage (R3) on the physiological parameters and grain yield of two soybean (Glycine max) lines. The Vx-08-10819 and Vx-08-11614 soybean lines were grown in a greenhouse, where they were irrigated until they reached the R3 development stage. During three days, the weight of the pots was monitored daily in order to maintain 100, 60, and 40% field capacity (control and moderate and severe stress, respectively). The parameters gas exchange and chlorophyll a fluorescence, as well as chloroplast pigments, osmoregulatory solutes and antioxidant enzymes, were determined. After stress, the plants were rehydrated until the end of the reproductive stage (R8), to evaluate grain yield. Vx-08-10819 showed traits that contributed to drought tolerance, such as better water-use efficiency, modulation of leaf area, and enzymatic activity, as well as a more efficient photosynthetic apparatus and a lower lipid peroxidation rate than Vx-08-11614. In addition, Vx-08-10819 maintained its productivity even after the severe water deficit. By contrast, water limitations affected negatively the productivity of Vx-08-11614. The Vx-08-10819 soybean line can efficiently withstand drought periods during the reproductive stage, without any interferences on final grain yield.

A Large-Effect QTL for Grain Yield under Reproductive-Stage Drought Stress in Upland Rice

Crop Science ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 507-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jérôme Bernier ◽  
Arvind Kumar ◽  
Venuprasad Ramaiah ◽  
Dean Spaner ◽  
Gary Atlin
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Upland Rice ◽  
Reproductive Stage

Grain yield QTLs with consistent-effect under reproductive-stage drought stress in rice

2014 ◽  
Vol 161 ◽  
pp. 46-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alvin D. Palanog ◽  
B.P. Mallikarjuna Swamy ◽  
Noraziyah Abd Aziz Shamsudin ◽  
Shalabh Dixit ◽  
Jose E. Hernandez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Reproductive Stage ◽  
Consistent Effect

Quantitative Trait Loci and Candidate Gene Identification for Chlorophyll Content in RIL Rice Population under Drought Conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
Yheni Dwiningsih ◽  
Anuj Kumar ◽  
Julie Thomas ◽  
Charlez Ruiz ◽  
Jawaher Alkahtani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Quantitative Trait Loci ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Drought Condition ◽  
Ril Population ◽  
Trait Loci

Rice (Oryza sativa) is the staple food for more than half of the world population. Rice needs 2-3 times more water compared to other crops. Drought condition is one of the limited factor in rice production. Recombinant inbred line population derived from a cross between rice genotype tropical japonica Kaybonnet and indica ZHE733 named K/Z RIL population was used to identify candidate genes for chlorophyll content related to grain yield under drought condition. Chlorophyll content in the flag leaf of the rice plant is related to the grain yield since chlorophyll plays an important role in the photosynthesis. The K/Z RIL population was screened in the field at Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA by controlled drought stress treatment at the reproductive stage (R3), and the effect of drought stress was quantify by measuring chlorophyll content, flag leaf characteristics, and grain yield. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis was performed with a set of 4133 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers by using QTL IciMapping software version 4.2.53. Candidate genes within the QTL regions were identified by using the MSU Rice Genome Annotation Project database release 7.0 as the reference. A total of eleven QTLs and forty-three candidate genes were identified for chlorophyll content related to the grain yield under drought condition. Most of the candidate genes involve in biological processes, molecular functions, and cell components. By understanding the genetic complexity of the chlorophyll content, this research provides information to develop drought-resistant rice varieties with greater productivity under drought stress condition.

scholarly journals Comparative Transcriptomics and Co-Expression Networks Reveal Tissue- and Genotype-Specific Responses of qDTYs to Reproductive-Stage Drought Stress in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Genes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1124
Author(s):  
Jeshurun Asher Tarun ◽  
Ramil Mauleon ◽  
Juan David Arbelaez ◽  
Sheryl Catausan ◽  
Shalabh Dixit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Quantitative Trait Loci ◽  
Differential Expression ◽  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Allelic Variation ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Reproductive Stage ◽  
Drought Tolerant

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is more sensitive to drought stress than other cereals. To dissect molecular mechanisms underlying drought-tolerant yield in rice, we applied differential expression and co-expression network approaches to transcriptomes from flag-leaf and emerging panicle tissues of a drought-tolerant yield introgression line, DTY-IL, and the recurrent parent Swarna, under moderate reproductive-stage drought stress. Protein turnover and efficient reactive oxygen species scavenging were found to be the driving factors in both tissues. In the flag-leaf, the responses further included maintenance of photosynthesis and cell wall reorganization, while in the panicle biosynthesis of secondary metabolites was found to play additional roles. Hub genes of importance in differential drought responses included an expansin in the flag-leaf and two peroxidases in the panicle. Overlaying differential expression data with allelic variation in DTY-IL quantitative trait loci allowed for the prioritization of candidate genes. They included a differentially regulated auxin-responsive protein, with DTY-IL-specific amino acid changes in conserved domains, as well as a protein kinase with a DTY-IL-specific frameshift in the C-terminal region. The approach highlights how the integration of differential expression and allelic variation can aid in the discovery of mechanism and putative causal contribution underlying quantitative trait loci for drought-tolerant yield.

scholarly journals Natural Variation Uncovers Candidate Genes for Barley Spikelet Number and Grain Yield under Drought Stress

Genes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 533 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samar G. Thabet ◽  
Yasser S. Moursi ◽  
Mohamed A. Karam ◽  
Andreas Börner ◽  
Ahmad M. Alqudah
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Reproductive Stage ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Grain Number Per Spike

Drought stress can occur at any growth stage and can affect crop productivity, which can result in large yield losses all over the world. In this respect, understanding the genetic architecture of agronomic traits under drought stress is essential for increasing crop yield potential and harvest. Barley is considered the most abiotic stress-tolerant cereal, particularly with respect to drought. In the present study, worldwide spring barley accessions were exposed to drought stress beginning from the early reproductive stage with 35% field capacity under field conditions. Drought stress had significantly reduced the agronomic and yield-related traits such as spike length, awn length, spikelet per spike, grains per spike and thousand kernel weight. To unravel the genetic factors underlying drought tolerance at the early reproductive stage, genome-wide association scan (GWAS) was performed using 121 spring barley accessions and a 9K single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) chip. A total number of 101 significant SNPs, distributed over all seven barley chromosomes, were found to be highly associated with the studied traits, of which five genomic regions were associated with candidate genes at chromosomes 2 and 3. On chromosome 2H, the region between 6469300693-647258342 bp includes two candidate drought-specific genes (HORVU2Hr1G091030 and HORVU2Hr1G091170), which are highly associated with spikelet and final grain number per spike under drought stress conditions. Interestingly, the gene expression profile shows that the candidate genes were highly expressed in spikelet, grain, spike and leaf organs, demonstrating their pivotal role in drought tolerance. To the best of our knowledge, we reported the first detailed study that used GWAS with bioinformatic analyses to define the causative alleles and putative candidate genes underlying grain yield-related traits under field drought conditions in diverse barley germplasm. The identified alleles and candidate genes represent valuable resources for future functional characterization towards the enhancement of barley cultivars for drought tolerance.

scholarly journals Genotyping-by-sequencing based QTL mapping for rice grain yield under reproductive stage drought stress tolerance

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shailesh Yadav ◽  
Nitika Sandhu ◽  
Vikas Kumar Singh ◽  
Margaret Catolos ◽  
Arvind Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Genotyping By Sequencing ◽  
High Density ◽  
Reproductive Stage ◽  
Linkage Drag ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Consistent Effect ◽  
Mapping Populations

Abstract QTLs for rice grain yield under reproductive stage drought stress (qDTY) identified earlier with low density markers have shown linkage drag and need to be fine mapped before their utilization in breeding programs. In this study, genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) based high-density linkage map of rice was developed using two BC1F3 mapping populations namely Swarna*2/Dular (3929 SNPs covering 1454.68 cM) and IR11N121*2/Aus196 (1191 SNPs covering 1399.68 cM) with average marker density of 0.37 cM to 1.18 cM respectively. In total, six qDTY QTLs including three consistent effect QTLs were identified in Swarna*2/Dular while eight qDTY QTLs including two consistent effect QTLs were identified in IR11N121*2/Aus 196 mapping population. Comparative analysis revealed four stable and novel QTLs (qDTY2.4, qDTY3.3, qDTY6.3, and qDTY11.2) which explained 8.62 to 14.92% PVE. However, one of the identified stable grain yield QTL qDTY1.1 in both the populations was located nearly at the same physical position of an earlier mapped major qDTY QTL. Further, the effect of the identified qDTY1.1 was validated in a subset of lines derived from five mapping populations confirming robustness of qDTY1.1 across various genetic backgrounds/seasons. The study successfully identified stable grain yield QTLs free from undesirable linkages of tall plant height/early maturity utilizing high density linkage maps.

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