Part V Pass-On, 21 Proving Pass-on

Author(s):  
Veljanovski Cento

This chapter addresses the difficulty of establishing pass-on. Indeed, estimating pass-on is difficult and often impossible. Even where estimates of the pass-on rate can be generated, estimates of the overcharge are still required to quantify the amount of pass-on. For indirect purchasers, this will add to the difficulty because they may not have the necessary data and knowledge of successive upstream markets. There is also uncertainty to the standard of proof and evidential burden required to establish credible pass-on rates. However, there are a range of approaches that can be used to estimate or quantify the pass-on rate, which are set out in the European Commission’s Pass-on Guidelines. These include documentary evidence on firms’ pricing policies; economic theory/simulations; evidence on the way the direct and indirect purchasers have passed on cost increases in the past, arguing that they would react similarly to an overcharge; third party research on the way the industry has been passed on in the past; and statistical approaches either using multiple regression analysis, time series analysis, or event studies. The volume effect can be estimated using similar approaches although the Pass-on Guidelines suggest multiple regression analysis and the ‘elasticity approach’.

INFERENSI ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-137
Author(s):  
Ahmad Mifdlol Muthohar

The main idea for this reseach is to see the points that motivate Muzakki to use the Zakat Institution to fulfill their zakat. These points mentioned above are the religious side (believe) of a Muzakki, the feeling of being blessed, and the service given by a Zakat through Zakat Instution to the Muzakki who has a preference on fulfilling zakat thorugh Zakat Instution. On this reseach, the method used os experimental method, and for this method, it involves 51 people from Salatiga and some regions around Salatiga. The analytical tools used here is the multiple regression analysis using Tobit model. The findings on this reseach are that the variance of religiosity and the feeling in blessings are not significantly affected by the choice of a Muzakki in using Zakat Instution. And variance of the service given by a zakat institution is signicantly affected by the  choice of a Muzakki in using Zakat instution. Another finding is that from the total polling, 98% of the Muzakki say that they can feel the blessing when they fulfill the zakat, and this feeling is not related to the way of fulfilling their zakat, whether they go though the Zakat Institution or the do it themselves.


Media Wisata ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-89
Author(s):  
Enny Mulyantari

Maria Tritis Cave is a holy place that has its uniqueness, a natural cave and has the beauty of stalagmites and stalagmites in it. This cave is located in the southern way, which is the way to get to some of the beaches in Gunungkidul. Besides being a beautiful cave, Maria Tritis Cave also has various supporting facilities for holy tours. Easy location and complete facilities will enhance the tourist’ decision to visit. The sampling technique was done by an accidental sampling of 100 archipelago tourists visiting tourists attraction of Maria Tritis Cave Gunungkidul. Methods of data collection use documentation and questionnaires, data analysis with instrument tests (validity and reliability tests), and partial or simultaneous our multiple regression analysis using SPPS for Windows version 16. The results showed that the location and facility variables significantly influence tourist’ visiting decision. Location and facility variables influence jointly the decision of archipelago tourists in visiting Maria Tritis Cave Gunungkidul. Suggestions from the research, the managers should pay attention to matters that are relating to the location such as the access to the cave and the clear directions from/to the cave, add facilities that support outbound activities and maintain existing facilities


2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 44-51
Author(s):  
Oyong Lisa

Financing is one of the main activities and a major source of revenue for Islamic Cooperatives. This study aimed to analyze the effect of capital structure, third party funds and non-performing financing to the finance portfolio as well as to analyze the effect of capital structure, deposits, non-performing financing and the distribution of funding to profitability. The analysis technique used is multiple regression analysis, using F test and t test. The results of the analysis showed that the capital structure, third party funds and non-performing financing significantly effect on the distribution of funding. Capital structure, third party funds, and the distribution of funding has a significant effect on profitability, Sharia Cooperative BMT in Indonesia. While non-performing financing does not affect the profitability of Islamic Cooperative Baitul Maal Tamwil in Indonesia.


2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-45
Author(s):  
Anna Park ◽  
Rebecca L. Robinson ◽  
Meghan J Babcock ◽  
William Ickes

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to behaviorally validate the Rudeness Scale (RS), a self-report measure of the propensity to verbally abuse strangers, using both a retrospective design (Study 1) and a prospective design (Study 2). Design/methodology/approach – In Study 1, participants (n=280) completed an online survey that contained the RS and a retrospective checklist measure that assessed how often they had engaged in specific confrontational behaviors during the past year. In Study 2 (n=109), participants first completed an online survey that contained the RS and then later completed an experimental session in which they received, and immediately responded to, rude instant messages sent by another “participant.” Findings – In Study 1, a multiple regression analysis revealed that scores on the RS were positively associated (β=0.39) with scores on the retrospective checklist measure of ugly confrontational behaviors. In Study 2, a multiple regression analysis revealed that scores on the RS were positively associated (β=0.30) with the level of “retaliatory” rude behavior the participants displayed in their instant messaging conversation. Together, these findings reveal that people with high RS scores are more likely, first, to have acted in offensive and confrontational ways in the past (Study 1), and second, to act this way in the present (Study 2). Originality/value – Although previous studies have provided evidence for the convergent validity of the RS and established a preliminary personality profile of rude individuals, the present studies are the first to explore the behavioral validity of the scale.


2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lina Marlina ◽  
Jajang Iskandar

The purpose of this study is to find out how profit sharing and per capita income affectson third party funds both partially and simultaneously. The research was conducted at BankJabar Banten Syariah KCP Singaparna period 2011 - 2013. In this study the authors used thecorrelational method with a quantitative approach. Data are gained through field research,using multiple regression analysis as the test tool. The results of the study show that profitsharing, per capita income and third party funds are fluctuatively increasing as well asdecreasing; Profit Sharing partially has a significant effect on Third Party Funds; Per Capitaincome partially has a significant effect on Third Party Funds; Profit Sharing and Per CapitaIncome simultaneously have a significant effect on Third Party Funds at Bank Jabar BantenSyariah KCP Singaparna in the period 2011 - 2013


Author(s):  
Veljanovski Cento

This chapter discusses the econometric approach, and its forensic use and misuse. Econometrics is a set of statistical techniques which estimate the overall and individual effects of variables that affects a variable of interest whether it be prices, output, and so on. The major attraction of multiple regression analysis is its ability to simultaneously account for, estimate, and quantify the myriad factors which influence prices or output. Specifically, in the context of cartel damage, it holds out the possibility of estimating the ‘but for’ price adjusted for the non-cartel factors which affect prices in a systematic and credible way. There are three general multiple regression approaches to estimating overcharges: dummy variable (DVA), predictive, and difference-in-differences. Other statistical techniques can be useful in damages cases such as time series analysis and event studies.


TRIKONOMIKA ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Maya Indriastuti ◽  
Indri Kartika

The aims of this research are to analyze the effect of the Non Performing Financing (NPF), Financing to Deposit Ratio (FDR), and Third-Party Funds (TPF) to the volume of financing of Sharia Banks in Indonesia. The data used is an annual report from Sharia Commercial Banks in the year of 2014 to 2016, were analyzed by multiple regression analysis. The results of this study indicate that the NPF has a positive insignificant to the volume of financing of Sharia Commercial Banks in Indonesia, FDR and TPF have a positive and significant to the volume of financing of Sharia banks in Indonesia. The implications of this research are for Sharia Commercial Banks to be able to consider the determination of corporate policies and improving operational performance in order to improve the financial performance of the company, especially related to the variables studied and its effects for them.


2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 144-153
Author(s):  
Yunita Fitri Wahyuningtyas

This research is conducted upon the emergence of many companies producing the same product of the same kind and function. It leads to the urgency of proper and well planned marketing strategy. This research aims to investigate how far the influence of branding, product quality, and price toward consumer’s satisfaction in beverage franchise business. This research utilizes 5 likert scale questionnaire which is tested by using multiple regression analysis to reveal whether or not there is partial and simultaneous influence of branding, product quality, and price toward consumer’s satisfaction in beverage franchise business. Sampling method is accidental sampling technique, in which sample of particular population is taken based on the accessibility and availability of the sample during the sampling process. Sample used is 100 samples among consumers or customers of Mang Endy Milkshake. The result shows that branding, product quality, and price influence consumer’s satisfaction in beverage franchise business.


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