Bowel Symptoms

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly Chow ◽  
Lauren Koranteng
Keyword(s):  
Bowel Obstruction ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Advanced Practice ◽  
Comorbid Disease ◽  
Medication Treatment ◽  
Global Issues ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Bowel Symptoms ◽  
Life Threatening

Constipation, diarrhea, and bowel obstruction are three common and distressing symptoms in palliative care patients. These symptoms rarely occur without other clinical manifestations of disease, and their management must be considered in light of comorbid disease. Constipation, diarrhea, and bowel obstruction affect a person’s quality of life, eligibility for certain therapies, and may even be life-threatening. This chapter discusses the advanced practice registered nurse (APRN)’s role in the assessment, prevention, and management of these common bowel symptoms. as well as the global issues surrounding management. The causes and pharmacological treatment of these three bowel symptoms are discussed and detailed medication treatment regimens are presented in tabular form.

scholarly journals Golimumab in the treatment of extra-skeletal manifestations of ankylosing spondylitis

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 110-115
Author(s):  
A. B. Demina
Keyword(s):  
Ankylosing Spondylitis ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Large Sample Size ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
High Efficacy ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Insufficient Response ◽  
Inflammatory Changes

Extra-skeletal manifestations (EMs) of ankylosing spondylitis (AS) can occur and proceed in parallel with inflammatory changes in the joints and spine and often dominate in the clinical picture of AS, determining its high activity and significantly worsening the quality of life in patients. In a number of cases, EMs are characterized by an insufficient response to standard anti-inflammatory therapy for back pain, arthritis, and enthesitis; and there is a need to prescribe another class of drugs.The review highlights the results of studies evaluating the efficacy of golimumab (GLM) in treating EMs in patients with AS: uveitis (GO-EASY Study) and ulcerative colitis (UC) (PURSUIT-SC, PURSUIT-M studies). Analysis of these studies have shown the high efficacy and safety of GLM in reducing the clinical manifestations of AS and in preventing the exacerbations of uveitis and UC. However, despite the successes achieved in treating AS and its EMs, there are many unresolved issues, including those related to the elaboration of optimal treatment regimens, which required longer observational studies with a large sample size.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the efficacy of a vitamin B complex supplement in the combination treatment of lumbar radiculopathy

2021 ◽  
pp. 42-47
Author(s):  
Yu. N. Maksimov ◽  
D. Kh. Khaibullina ◽  
F. I. Devlikamova
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Pain Syndrome ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Lumbar Radiculopathy ◽  
Good Tolerability ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Complex Therapy ◽  
Group 1

Introduction. Radiculopathy is one of the causes of neuropathic pain. Among the causes of back pain, lumbar radiculopathy ranks second after non-specific musculoskeletal pain. Patients with radiculopathy have a marked decrease in the quality of life, a tendency to disability, which causes a large amount of diagnostic and therapeutic measures and associated economic losses. There is no unified view on the pathogenesis of radiculopathy, and the pain syndrome includes neuropathic and nociceptive components. The proposed treatment regimens for radiculopathy differ and are of a recommendatory nature.The purpose of the retrospective observational study was to study the effectiveness of the drug Neurobion® in the complex therapy of radiculopathy.Materials and methods. The study of outpatient records of 120 patients aged 25–65 years, suffering from lumbosacral radiculopathy was performed. The patients were divided into 2 groups and received basic therapy, which included NSAIDs, simple analgesics, muscle relaxants, and anticonvulsants. Patients of group 1 additionally received the drug Neurobion®.Results and discussion. Faster regression of clinical manifestations was observed in group 1 patients. The results of treatment in group 1 patients were higher both in terms of subjective feelings and objective criteria. The presence of two medicinal forms of Neurobion® allows a personalized approach to the patient’s therapyConclusions. The use of the drug Neurobion® is pathogenetically justified in the treatment of radiculopathy, provides earlier positive dynamics of subjective feelings of patients and objective indicators, improves the quality of life, leads to shorter treatment periods, reducing economic costs. The effectiveness and good tolerability of the drug Neurobion® allow us to recommend it for inclusion in the complex therapy of radiculopathy. 

scholarly journals Is Tolerance Broken in Autoimmunity?

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 117955571771271
Author(s):  
Dama Laxminarayana
Keyword(s):  
Autoimmune Diseases ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Symptomatic Treatment ◽  
Cellular Events ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Benign Disorders ◽  
Autoimmune Pathogenesis ◽  
System Organ

Autoimmune diseases are classified into about 80 different types based on their specificity related to system, organ and/or tissue. About 5% of the western population is affected by this anomaly, but its worldwide incidence is unknown. Autoimmune diseases are heterogeneous in nature and clinical manifestations range from benign disorders to life-threatening conditions. Autoimmunity strikes at any stage of life, but age and/or gender also play role in onset of some of these anomalies. The autoimmune pathogenesis is initiated by the origination of autoantigens, which leads to the development of autoantibodies followed by auto-immunogenicity and the ultimate onset of autoimmunity. There is a lack of suitable therapies to treat autoimmune diseases, because mechanisms involved in the onset of these anomalies were poorly understood. Present therapies are limited to symptomatic treatment and come with severe side effects. Here, I described the molecular mechanisms and cellular events involved in the initiation of autoimmunity and proposed better strategies to modulate such molecular and cellular anomalies, which will help in preventing and/or controlling autoimmune pathogenesis and ultimately aid in enhancing the quality of life.

scholarly journals Hereditary angioedema. Clinical guidelines. (D84.1)

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-114
Author(s):  
Elena A. Bliznetz ◽  
Ekaterina A. Viktorova ◽  
Elena A. Vishneva ◽  
Eliso M. Dzhobava ◽  
Natalya I. Il'ina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hereditary Angioedema ◽  
Clinical Guidelines ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Acute Therapy ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
International Statistical Classification ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
And Gender

Hereditary angioedema is a rare, potentially life-threatening genetic disease that manifests with skin and mucous/submucosal swelling that occurs under the influence of bradykinin. The clinical guidelines for hereditary angioedema (code for the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems D84.1) were developed in December 2020 by the Russian Association of Allergology and Clinical Immunology, Association of Medical Geneticists, National Association of Experts in the Field of Primary Immunodeficiencies, Union of Pediatricians of Russia. In December 2020, the project was approved at a meeting of the Scientific and Practical Council of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (December 10, 2020 No. 743/12). The clinical guidelines are devoted to optimizing the clinical care of patients with hereditary angioedema. The topic is relevant owing to the under-diagnosis of hereditary angioedema and insufficient awareness of doctors of various specialties about this problem, as well as the difficulties in managing this category of patients. The clinical guidelines contain information about the epidemiology, etiology, classification, pathogenesis, and common clinical manifestations of hereditary angioedema. Thus, the paper described actual diagnostic approaches and differential diagnosis of hereditary angioedema and established its diagnostic criteria. Medical care algorithms to patients with hereditary angioedema at the prehospital and hospital stages are also described. The principles of pharmacotherapy, including long-term prophylaxis, short-term prophylaxis, and acute therapy, for hereditary angioedema are also presented. Treatment regimens are stratified according to patients age and gender. Non-drug measures for the prevention hereditary angioedema attacks are considered. Sections were also added in the edition of the new clinical guidelines of hereditary angioedema. Clinical guidelines for hereditary angioedema are intended for practicing doctors of all specialties, students and teachers of medical universities, residents, graduate students of medical universities.

scholarly journals Cardiotoxicity of Novel Targeted Hematological Therapies

Life ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 344
Author(s):  
Valentina Giudice ◽  
Carmine Vecchione ◽  
Carmine Selleri
Keyword(s):  
Targeted Therapies ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Standard Chemotherapy ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Myocardial Structure ◽  
Phosphoinositide 3 Kinase ◽  
Btk Inhibitors ◽  
Target Effects

Chemotherapy-related cardiac dysfunction, also known as cardiotoxicity, is a group of drug-related adverse events negatively affecting myocardial structure and functions in patients who received chemotherapy for cancer treatment. Clinical manifestations can vary from life-threatening arrythmias to chronic conditions, such as heart failure or hypertension, which dramatically reduce quality of life of cancer survivors. Standard chemotherapy exerts its toxic effect mainly by inducing oxidative stress and genomic instability, while new targeted therapies work by interfering with signaling pathways important not only in cancer cells but also in myocytes. For example, Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitors interfere with class I phosphoinositide 3-kinase isoforms involved in cardiac hypertrophy, contractility, and regulation of various channel forming proteins; thus, off-target effects of BTK inhibitors are associated with increased frequency of arrhythmias, such as atrial fibrillation, compared to standard chemotherapy. In this review, we summarize current knowledge of cardiotoxic effects of targeted therapies used in hematology.

scholarly journals Pediatric multisystem inflammatory syndrome associated with a new coronavirus infection: unresolved issues

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-20
Author(s):  
Yu. V. Lobzin ◽  
A. A. Vilnits ◽  
M. M. Kostik ◽  
M. K. Bekhtereva ◽  
A. N. Uskov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Almost Everywhere ◽  
Laboratory Confirmation ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Symptom Complex ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Inflammatory Syndrome

Since March 2020, the first reports have appeared about the increasing, almost everywhere, number of children who have undergone a new coronovirus infection caused by SARS-Cov-2 with a symptom complex resembling the manifestations of Kawasaki disease. A special feature of the clinical manifestations of this syndrome, which is called “Pediatric multisystem inflammatory syndrome associated with COVID-19”, is the high incidence of life-threatening conditions caused by the sharp development of arterial hypotension against the background of cardiogenic or vasogenic shock.In St. Petersburg, since the end of November 2020, there has been a sharp surge in admissions of children to the ICU of various hospitals with the clinic of Pediatric multisystem inflammatory syndrome, who have laboratory confirmation of the transferred COVID-19.The purpose of this article is to attract the attention of doctors of various profiles, to combine efforts to study this pathology, to determine the criteria for verifying the diagnosis, optimal treatment regimens and dispensary monitoring of patients who have been ill.

scholarly journals Regenerative Rehabilitation for COVID 19 Sequelae

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Santiago Saldarriaga-Gómez ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Medical Conditions ◽  
Previous Knowledge ◽  
Life Threatening

COVID 19 pandemic has been with us for more than a year now and new insights in pathophysiology and clinical manifestations have emerged. Recent reports have shown that not only is acute COVID a life-threatening disease, but post COVID symptoms are more common than previously thought and may greatly affect quality of life. In this review, we explore the usefulness of regenerative rehabilitation with Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSC) in post COVID symptoms based on previous knowledge in other medical conditions

Psychological influences on wound healing

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 (8) ◽  
pp. 312-314
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Enhanced Recovery ◽  
Enhanced Recovery After Surgery ◽  
Wound Complications ◽  
State Of Mind ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Psychological Influences ◽  
Fear And Anxiety ◽  
Care Costs

Surgical wound complications remain a major cause of morbidity; although usually not life threatening, they reduce the quality of life. They are also associated with excessive health care costs. Wound healing is affected by many factors – wound characteristics, infection, comorbidities and nutritional status of the patient. In addition, though, psychological stress and depression may decrease the inflammatory response required for bacterial clearance and so delay wound healing, as well. Although the patient´s state of mind can be influenced only to a certain extent, we should nevertheless stick to ERAS (Enhanced Recovery After Surgery) guidelines and try to diminish fear and anxiety by providing enough information preoperatively, pay due attention to postoperative analgesia and seek to provide an agreeable environment.

Presentation of Gall Stone Ileus as Gut Obstruction

JMS SKIMS ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-119
Author(s):  
Munir Ahmad Wani ◽  
Mubarak Ahmad Shan ◽  
Syed Muzamil Andrabi ◽  
Ajaz Ahmad Malik
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Bowel Obstruction ◽  
Emergency Surgery ◽  
Gallstone Ileus ◽  
Gall Stone ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Life Threatening Complication ◽  
Gall Stone Ileus

Gallstone ileus is an uncommon and often life-threatening complication of cholelithiasis. In this case report, we discuss a difficult diagnostic case of gallstone ileus presenting as small gut obstruction with ischemia. A 56-year-old female presented with abdominal pain and vomiting. A CT scan was performed and showed an evolving bowel obstruction with features of gut ischemia with pneumobilia although no frank hyper density suggestive of a gallstone was noted. The patient underwent emergency surgery and a 60 mm obstructing calculus was removed from the patient's jejunum, with a formal tube cholecystostomy. JMS 2018: 21 (2):117-119

Resveratrol: A new potential therapeutic agent for melanoma?

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamad Hossein Pourhanifeh ◽  
Kazem Abbaszadeh-Goudarzi ◽  
Mohammad Goodarzi ◽  
Sara G.M. Piccirillo ◽  
Alimohammad Shafiee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Therapeutic Agent ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Treatment Resistance ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Apoptosis Inducer ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
First Time

: Melanoma is the most life-threatening and aggressive class of skin malignancies. The incidence of melanoma has steadily increased. Metastatic melanoma is greatly resistant to standard anti-melanomatreatments such as chemotherapy, and 5-year survival rate of cases with melanoma who have metastatic form of disease is less than 10%. The contributing role of apoptosis, angiogenesis and autophagy in the pathophysiology of melanoma has been previously demonstrated. Thus, it is extremely urgent to search for complementary therapeutic approachesthat couldenhance the quality of life of subjects and reduce treatment resistance and adverse effects. Resveratrol, known as a polyphenol component present in grapes and some plants, has anti-cancer properties due to its function as an apoptosis inducer in tumor cells, and anti-angiogenic agent to prevent metastasis. However, more clinical trials should be conducted to prove resveratrol efficacy. : Herein, for first time, we summarize current knowledge of anti-cancerous activities of resveratrol in melanoma.

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