Measuring Process and Outcome in CALM

2021 ◽  
pp. 111-122
Author(s):  
Gary Rodin ◽  
Sarah Hales
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Integrity ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Death And Dying ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Process Measures ◽  
Quantitative Evidence ◽  
Quantitative Results ◽  
Development And Validation

This chapter considers the qualitative and quantitative evidence base for Managing Cancer and Living Meaningfully (CALM) and the role of relevant, validated measures in substantiating its effectiveness and informing its clinical practice. The early qualitative evidence for the benefit of CALM is reviewed and the challenges inherent in generating meaningful quantitative results in an advanced cancer population are described. An important component of the early work on CALM included the development and validation of measures to assess relevant outcomes in this population. This resulted in development of new measures of distress related to death and dying and of perceived clinical benefit from CALM, and of modified measures for attachment security, quality of life, and treatment integrity. The results of a large randomized controlled trial (RCT) demonstrating the effectiveness of CALM are presented and the unique value of measures of treatment process and treatment integrity are described. Finally, the clinical utility of outcome and process measures in terms of guiding CALM therapy is considered.

Development and validation of a yoga module for Parkinson disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Noopur Kakde ◽  
Kashinath G. Metri ◽  
Shivarama Varambally ◽  
Raghuram Nagaratna ◽  
H.R. Nagendra
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Parkinson Disease ◽  
Content Validity ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Development And Validation

AbstractBackgroundParkinson’s disease (PD), a progressive neurodegenerative disease, affects motor and nonmotor functions, leading to severe debility and poor quality of life. Studies have reported the beneficial role of yoga in alleviating the symptoms of PD; however, a validated yoga module for PD is unavailable. This study developed and validated an integrated yoga module(IYM) for PD.MethodsThe IYM was prepared after a thorough review of classical yoga texts and previous findings. Twenty experienced yoga experts, who fulfilled the inclusion criteria, were selected validating the content of the IYM. A total of 28 practices were included in the IYM, and each practice was discussed and rated as (i) not essential, (ii) useful but not essential, and (iii) essential; the content validity ratio (CVR) was calculated using Lawshe’s formula.ResultsData analysis revealed that of the 28 IYM practices, 21 exhibited significant content validity (cut-off value: 0.42, as calculated by applying Lawshe’s formula for the CVR).ConclusionsThe IYM is valid for PD, with good content validity. However, future studies must determine the feasibility and efficacy of the developed module.

scholarly journals Interventions for challenging behaviour in intellectual disability

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 184-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Afia Ali ◽  
Jessica Blickwedel ◽  
Angela Hassiotis
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
List Type ◽  
Challenging Behaviour ◽  
Pharmacological Treatments ◽  
Current Evidence Base ◽  
The Individual

SummaryChallenging behaviour is common in intellectual disability but it is difficult to diagnose and manage. It can adversely affect the quality of life of the individual and cause the breakdown of community placements, resulting in hospital admission. This article discusses the aetiology of challenging behaviour (including the complex relationship with mental illness), diagnostic problems, the current evidence base in relation to psychosocial and pharmacological treatments, and service delivery.LEARNING OBJECTIVES•Understand the aetiological basis of challenging behaviour.•Understand the role of functional analysis.•Appreciate the evidence base in relation to the psychological and pharmacological treatment of challenging behaviour.

Measuring Open Source Quality

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 48-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Ruiz ◽  
William N. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Open Source Software ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Process Measures ◽  
Quality Models ◽  
Resolution Rate ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Software Product

There is an ample debate over the quality of Free/Libre Open Source Software (FLOSS) with mixed research results. The authors show that a reason for these mixed results is that quality is being defined, measured, and evaluated differently. They report the most popular approaches including software structure measures, process measures, and maturity assessment models. The way researchers have built their samples has also contributed to the mixed results with different project properties being considered and ignored. Because FLOSS projects evolve with each release, their quality does too, and it must be measured using metrics that take into account their communities’ commitment to quality rather than just the structure of the resulting code. Challenges exist in defining what constitutes a defect or bug, and the role of modularity in affecting FLOSS quality. The authors suggest three considerations for future research on FLOSS quality models: (1) defect resolution rate, (2) kind of software product, and (3) modularity—both technical and organizational.

Utilizing Measures in Clinical Practice and Supervision

2021 ◽  
pp. 177-182
Author(s):  
Gary Rodin ◽  
Sarah Hales
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
End Of Life ◽  
Advanced Cancer ◽  
Clinical Benefit ◽  
Treatment Integrity ◽  
Skill Development ◽  
Peer Supervision

This chapter specifies the quantitative measures that are regularly administered as part of Managing Cancer and Living Meaningfully (CALM) and describes the role of ongoing peer supervision in CALM therapy. The value of administering quantitative measures assessing death anxiety, attachment security, depression, quality of life at the end of life, and perceived clinical benefit is described. The format of CALM supervision is outlined and the benefits of ongoing peer supervision for ensuring treatment integrity, fostering skill development, refining the intervention, and managing the tensions inherent in psychotherapeutic work in the context of advanced cancer are emphasized.

Psychological Interventions

2021 ◽  
pp. 265-294
Author(s):  
Eric Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Psychological Interventions ◽  
Diagnostic Categories ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Communication Difficulties ◽  
Education And Care ◽  
Supportive Counselling ◽  
Trial Evidence

Psychological interventions to promote the quality of life in people with neurodevelopmental difficulties have a range of targets and are not confined to reducing the symptoms. This chapter will describe methods and the trial evidence for them according to their purposes. Explanation and psychoeducation are key methods of helping children, young people, and their families to understand their condition and the limitations it imposes. Symptomatic interventions for tics, hallucinations, impaired impulse control, and disorganization are often applied outside the limitations of single diagnostic categories. Other approaches aim to teach skills to help transdiagnostically with associated problems such as communication difficulties, anxiety, aggression, and self-injury. Yet others aim to alleviate adverse environments, such as isolation from peers, which are encountered by people with any or all of the disorders described in this book. The interventions used include supportive counselling, behavioural techniques, and cognitive methods to create change. Many have been evaluated by controlled trial, and the results will be described as the evidence base to establish which therapies, and for which children, should be priorities for health, education, and care services to provide.

scholarly journals What is person-centred care in dementia? Clinical reviews into practice: the development of the VIPS practice model

2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janne Røsvik ◽  
Dawn Brooker ◽  
Marit Mjorud ◽  
Øyvind Kirkevold
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Practice Model ◽  
Severe Dementia ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
Literature Reviews ◽  
Change In Practice ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Coaching Approach

SummaryThe VIPS framework is a four-part definition of person-centred care for people with dementia (PCC), which arose out of an earlier review article for this journal. The definition has assisted in the practical application of person-centred care. It has been operationalized into the VIPS practice model (VPM), which has been subject to a recent randomized controlled trial within Norwegian nursing homes. The VPM provided a vehicle for the VIPS framework to be utilized during reflective practice meetings focusing on understanding care situations from the perspective of residents with moderate to severe dementia. VPM incorporated an education and coaching approach, clearly defined staff roles, and resident-focused outcomes in a cycle to support improvements in quality of care. The use of VPM in practice is discussed. VPM was built utilizing the literature from organizational change. The role of literature reviews in bringing about change in practice is highlighted.

scholarly journals Music and dance in chronic lung disease

Breathe ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 116-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keir Philip ◽  
Adam Lewis ◽  
Nicholas S. Hopkinson
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Chronic Lung Disease ◽  
Personalised Medicine ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Music Making ◽  
Arts In Health

Arts in Health interventions show potential to improve the quality of life of people with chronic lung disease. Listening to music, making music, and dance have accepted and established roles in the lives of people without chronic disease. However, their potential utility in chronic disease management is infrequently considered by medical professionals. The aim of this review is to examine the use of music and dance in the treatment and self-management of chronic lung disease. Although the evidence base is currently limited, existing research suggests a range of biopsychosocial benefits. As personalised medicine and social prescribing become more prominent, further research is required to establish the role of arts interventions in chronic lung disease.

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