Paediatric dentistry

2014 ◽  
pp. 55-118
Author(s):  
David A. Mitchell ◽  
Laura Mitchell ◽  
Lorna McCaul
Keyword(s):  
Primary Teeth ◽  
Dental Trauma ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Patient Treatment ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Primary Molar ◽  
Anxious Child ◽  
Tooth Structure ◽  
Pulp Therapy ◽  
Child Patient

Contents. Principal sources and further reading. The child patient. Treatment planning for children. The anxious child. The child with toothache. Abnormalities of tooth eruption and exfoliation. Abnormalities of tooth number. Abnormalities of tooth structure. Abnormalities of tooth form. Abnormalities of tooth colour. Anatomy of primary teeth (& relevance to cavity design). Extraction versus restoration of primary teeth. Local analgesia for children. Restoration of carious primary teeth. Plastic restoration in primary molars. Stainless steel crowns. Class III, IV, and V in primary teeth. Severe early childhood caries. Primary molar pulp therapy. Pulp therapy techniques. Dental trauma. Safeguarding children. Injuries to primary teeth. Injuries to permanent teeth—crown fractures. Root fractures. Luxation, subluxation, intrusion, and extrusion. Splinting. Management of the avulsed tooth. Pulpal sequelae following trauma. Management of missing incisors. Common childhood ailments affecting the mouth. Sugar-free medications.

Resorption of multirooted temporary teeth in children with dentofacial anomalies in accordance with the orthopantomography data

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 235-241
Author(s):  
F. S. Ayupova ◽  
S. N. Alekseenko ◽  
V. Ya. Zobenko ◽  
T. V. Gayvoronskaya
Keyword(s):  
Primary Teeth ◽  
Root Resorption ◽  
Type A ◽  
Mixed Dentition ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Primary Molars ◽  
Second Primary ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Primary Molar ◽  
Posterior Teeth

Relevance. To study the incidence of different types of resorption of multirooted primary teeth, to specify indications for deciduous molar extraction to prevent eruption abnormalities of permanent posterior teeth in mixed dentition.Materials and methods. Root resorption of 375 multirooted primary teeth (166 first primary molars and 209 second primary molars) was studied on panoramic X-rays of 60 children (30 girls and 30 boys) aged between 7 and 15. Illustrated classification by T.F. Vinogradova (1967) improved by authors was used to determine type and degree of root resorption of multi-rooted primary teeth. Received data were described with absolute values of number of cases and percentage. Chi-square was used to detect differences in sign incidence rate between groups, p<0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results. There were no statistically significant gender differences (p>0,05) in type and degree of root resorption of multirooted primary teeth. Type A resorption prevailed and constituted 53.3% of all primary molars. Disturbances in root resorption of multirooted primary teeth in mixed dentition were related to health condition of primary teeth. Transition of even resorption to unven was considered a risk factor of delayed eruption and aberrant position of permanent teeth, and indication for extraction of a primary molar in question. Conclusions. 1) Even root resorption (type A) was detected in 53.3% of primary molars in mixed dentition by orthopantomography. 2) Transition from even resorption of primary molar roots to uneven resorption was associated with eruption deviations and delayed premolar eruption. 3) Timely extraction of primary molars with uneven root resorption facilitated correct eruption of premolars and increased effectiveness of secondary prevention of malocclusion in children.

Management of trauma to the anterior segment of the maxilla: alveolar fracture and primary incisors crown and root fracture

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 16-20
Author(s):  
Muna S Khalaf ◽  
Bayan S Khalaf ◽  
Shorouq M Abass
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Primary Teeth ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Anterior Segment ◽  
Dental Trauma ◽  
Permanent Tooth ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Normal Position ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
The Impact

Background: An injury to both the primary and permanent teeth and the supporting structures is one of the most common dental problems seen in children. Splinting is usually difficult or impossible to perform in the primary dentition (due to diminutive room size and lack of patient cooperation). Healing must, therefore, occur despite mobility at the fracture line, usually resulting in interposition of connective tissue. In some instances, infection will occur in the coronal pulp. The present study reported a case of trauma to the anterior primary teeth and alveolar bone in a four year old child. The trauma has caused fracture to the crowns and roots of the primary anterior teeth. The following case was managed in a procedure that may provide primary teeth subjected to trauma a better chance than extraction with a better prognosis. Case presentation: a 4 and a half year old child was subjected to trauma in anterior segment of maxilla. Suturing of the torn soft tissue was the first step followed by pulpotomy for the left primary lateral incisor. Fixation of the right primary central and lateral incisors was done by acid etch wire fixation. Both clinical and radiographic follow up was carried out for 6.4 years. Results: healing of the soft tissue was observed after one week and completed after two months. Fixation of the teeth continued for ten months. The fracture lines in the roots remained in position. Clinically there was no sign of any pulpal inflammation or necrosis. Radiographically, no signs of infection to the surrounding tissues could be seen, no resorption in the alveolar bone, external or internal resorption of the root did not happen also. After ten months fixation ended and the wire was removed. At that time there was normal resorption of the roots of the primary incisors in relation with the normal development of the permanent incisors. After 3 years both permanent central incisors erupted in their normal position. After 6.4 years all four permanent incisors erupted into occlusion in their normal position. Conclusion: primary teeth with root fractures and severely mobile coronal fragments can be treated by a conservative approach. The severity of the sequels is directly related to the degree of permanent tooth formation (child’s age), type of dental trauma and extent of the impact. Key words: trauma, primary incisors, fractured crown and root

Profiles of Trauma in Primary and Permanent Teeth of Children and Adolescents

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-10
Author(s):  
Jackeline Nogueira de Paula Barros ◽  
Thayssa Augusto Assis de Araújo ◽  
Thais Rodrigues Campos Soares ◽  
Michele Machado Lenzi ◽  
Patrícia de Andrade Risso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Teeth ◽  
Dental Trauma ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Tooth Type ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Dental Records ◽  
Gingival Mucosa ◽  
Tissue Trauma ◽  
Type Of Fracture

This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the dental trauma profile in primary and permanent teeth from patients between 0 and 15 years old who attended the Faculty of Dentistry of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro. Data regarding gender, age, trauma classification, tooth type, and affected tissues were obtained from dental records. The data were analyzed descriptively and by the χ2 test (p &lt; 0.05). Data associated with 333 traumatized teeth (70% primary and 30% permanent teeth) were included. The mean ages of children with affected primary and permanent teeth were 3.35 ± 2.02 and 9.09 ± 2.43 years, respectively. Males presented more permanent teeth with trauma (64.4%) than primary ones (55.6%; p = 0.085). The upper central incisors, both primary (68.9%) and permanent (69.4%), were the teeth most commonly affected. Primary teeth showed a higher frequency (p &lt; 0.001) of supportive tissue trauma (73.3%) and lower frequency (p = 0.001) of hard tissue trauma (40.7%) than those in permanent ones (51.5% and 60.6%, respectively). The most frequent trauma in the supportive tissue was subluxation (27.2%) and permanent lateral luxation (42.0%). In the hard tissues, permanent teeth presented a higher prevalence of trauma than primary ones (p = 0.001), however this difference was not statistical significant when each type of fracture injury was evaluated individually (p &gt; 0.005). With affected primary teeth, there was a greater frequency of trauma in the gingival mucosa (31.0%; p = 0.022); in the permanent ones, traumatic lesions in the chin region were the most prevalent (20.8%; p = 0.009). Trauma was recurrent in 26.3% of primary teeth and in 20.2% permanent teeth. Therefore, primary and permanent teeth showed distinct trauma profiles, suggesting that distinct preventive and therapeutic approaches are needed for these two groups.

Paediatric dentistry

2020 ◽  
pp. 55-119
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Management ◽  
Dental Trauma ◽  
Paediatric Dentistry ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Behaviour Management ◽  
Developmental Abnormalities ◽  
Tooth Structure ◽  
Tooth Number ◽  
Tooth Form ◽  
Tooth Colour

This chapter introduces the principal aims of treatment in paediatric patients, detailing examination, treatment planning, and prevention. Various approaches to behaviour management are discussed including tell, show, do; behaviour shaping; reinforcement; and desensitization. The emergency management of children with toothache is also discussed alongside developmental abnormalities (including abnormalities of tooth eruption and exfoliation, tooth number, tooth structure, tooth form, and tooth colour) local anaesthesia, and restorative techniques. Injuries to primary teeth and to permanent teeth are discussed. The chapter also provides advice on the management of dental trauma, with information on safeguarding children.

Crowns for paediatric teeth: Stainless steel crown

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-25
Author(s):  
Arunima ◽  
Vipin Ahuja
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Primary Teeth ◽  
Parental Satisfaction ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Tooth Structure ◽  
Paediatric Dentist ◽  
Behavioural Management

Management of the severely destructed primary teeth poses a challenge for the paediatric dentist as three important considerations have to be kept in mind, patient’s behavioural management, preservation of the tooth structure and parental satisfaction. Various crowns have been introduced to the field of dentistry such as stainless-steel crowns and aesthetic crowns. Prefabricated stainless steel crowns (SSC) can be adapted to individual primary teeth and cemented in place to provide a definitive restoration. The SSC is extremely durable, relatively inexpensive, subject to minimal technique sensitivity during placement, and offers the advantage of full coronal coverage. SSC are often used to restore primary and permanent teeth in children and adolescents where intra-coronal restorations would otherwise fail. This article brings the update of this definitive restoration.

ROTARY ENDODONTICS IN PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY- A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW

2021 ◽  
pp. 9-11
Author(s):  
Thakur Anita ◽  
Thakur Seema
Keyword(s):  
Primary Teeth ◽  
Pediatric Dentistry ◽  
Primary Dentition ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Primary Tooth ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Pulp Therapy ◽  
Functional Part

The goal of pulp therapy in the primary dentition is to retain the primary tooth as a fully functional part of the dentition, allowing at the same time for mastication, phonation, swallowing, and the preservation of the space required for the eruption of the permanent 1,2 tooth . The premature loss of primary teeth may cause changes in the chronology and sequence of eruption permanent teeth. Maintenance of primary teeth until physiological exfoliation prevents deleterious 3 habits in children .

Preventative and Paediatric Dentistry

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas Longridge ◽  
Pete Clarke ◽  
Raheel Aftab ◽  
Tariq Ali
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Dental Trauma ◽  
Paediatric Dentistry ◽  
Mixed Dentition ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Complex Situation ◽  
Pharmacological Management ◽  
Space Management ◽  
Child Patient ◽  
Behavioural Management

The child patient can be a challenging and daunting proposition for the junior dentist and dental student. Whilst children can be anxious, unco­operative, and unpredictable, they also present an extremely rewarding opportunity, which, if managed correctly, may go on to influence their healthcare experiences for the rest of their lives. Excellent behavioural management of the child patient (and their parents!) is fundamental to a successful clinical and patient- reported outcome. Aside from possible behavioural issues, paediatric patients may pre­sent with a series of unique clinical presentations that require additional skills and knowledge above and beyond those required for adult pa­tients. Differences in the micro- and macro- structures of primary and permanent teeth, coupled with variations in eruption dates, lead to an evolving mixed dentition that can lead to some difficult diagnostic and treatment planning scenarios. Furthermore, dental anxiety and the pre­ponderance for dento- alveolar trauma in children and young adults may exacerbate the patient management of an already complex situation. Prevention is central to paediatric dentistry. However, whilst signifi­cant progression has occurred in some areas, poor dietary habits and suboptimal oral hygiene regimes remain significant concerns for the pro­fession, with large numbers of dental extractions still performed under general anaesthesia each year. Key topics include: ● Tooth anatomy and eruption patterns ● Abnormalities of structure and form ● Prevention and management of dental caries, including pulp therapy ● Dental trauma ● Dental extractions and space management ● Behavioural management ● Safeguarding ● Pharmacological management.

Development Dental Defects in Permanent Teeth Resulting From Primary Tooth Trauma. A Systematic Review.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucía Caeiro Villasenín ◽  
Clara Serna Muñoz ◽  
Amparo Pérez Silva ◽  
Ascensión Vicente ◽  
Andrea Poza Pascual ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Primary Teeth ◽  
Tooth Enamel ◽  
Dental Trauma ◽  
Permanent Tooth ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Primary Tooth ◽  
Development Phase ◽  
Made In

Abstract Children are vulnerable to dental trauma, especially in the first two year of life.The objective was to determine whether trauma in temporary teething causes alterations in the development of permanent teething. Searches were made in May 2020 using PubMed, MEDLINE, MEDES, Scopus, Lilacs, and Embase. Papers in English, German, and Spanish, without restrictions in the year of publication, were included. The quality of the studies was analyzed using the NOS Scale.The search retrieved 537 references, and 7 studies were included for a qualitative analysis. The results showed that trauma to a deciduous tooth can damage the bud of the permanent tooth. Enamel discoloration and/or hypoplasia were the most common sequelae in the permanent teeth after trauma to the primary predecessor. The type and severity of sequelae in the permanent tooth are associated with the development phase of the bud. Children with trauma of their primary teeth should receive check-ups until the eruption of the permanent teeth for the early diagnosis and treatment of possible sequelae. Intrusion of the primary tooth was the trauma that caused the most damage and enamel alterations the most frequent sequelae.

scholarly journals Better outcome in pulpotomy on primary molar with Biodentine

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-62
Author(s):  
Asma Sultana ◽  
Fahd AA Karim ◽  
Md Abdul Hannan Sheikh ◽  
Mohammad Wahiduzzaman ◽  
Md Shamsul Alam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Teeth ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Primary Molar ◽  
Pulp Therapy ◽  
Space Maintenance

Aim: The primary objective of any pulp therapy is to maintain the integrity and health of a tooth and its supporting tissue as well as to maintain arch length and space maintenance. The aim of this case is to a probate and popularizes the technique of vital pulpotomy in primary teeth with biodentin.Update Dent. Coll. j: 2015; 5 (2): 57-62

scholarly journals LSTR AND ITS POTENTIAL ROLE IN CONSERVATIVE MANAGEMENT OF NON-VITAL PRIMARY MOLAR: A CASE REPORT.

2021 ◽  
pp. 37-38
Author(s):  
Kapil Gandhi ◽  
Ritika Ahuja Malhotra ◽  
Sharon Jaiswal ◽  
Shabana Alam ◽  
Babita Jangra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Tissue Repair ◽  
Primary Teeth ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Root Resorption ◽  
Primary Molar ◽  
Pulp Therapy ◽  
Triple Antibiotic Paste ◽  
One Year

Lesion sterilization and tissue repair (LSTR) treatment is very effective in disinfecting the root canal using triple antibiotic mixed in a suitable vehicle. This report is highlighting a case where LSTR therapy was done using triple antibiotic paste in primary molar showing peri-radicular pathosis and root resorption. On one-year follow-up, the tooth was asymptomatic with reduction in peri-radicular pathosis and root resorption. Thus, LSTR can be successful for nonvital pulp therapy in primary teeth with peri-radicular pathosis and root resorption. And also, LSTR therapy can be used as an alternative option to extraction in treating primary teeth with peri-radicular pathosis.

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