Reasoning

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allison G. Harvey ◽  
Edward Watkins ◽  
Warren Mansell ◽  
Roz Shafran
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Somatoform Disorders ◽  
Psychological Disorders ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Illusory Correlation ◽  
Ambiguous Stimuli ◽  
Substance Related Disorders

Chapter 4 discusses reasoning. This includes the interpretation of ambiguous stimuli, self-report paradigms, cognitive-experimental paradigms, attributions, expectancies and heuristics, covariation and illusory correlation, and the evidence for the presence of these reasoning processes across psychological disorders (anxiety disorders, somatoform disorders, eating disorders, mood disorders, psychotic disorders, and substance-related disorders).

Thought

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allison G. Harvey ◽  
Edward Watkins ◽  
Warren Mansell ◽  
Roz Shafran
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Thought Suppression ◽  
Somatoform Disorders ◽  
Psychological Disorders ◽  
Negative Thinking ◽  
Substance Related Disorders

This chapter examines recurrent thinking, thought suppression, and metacognition across psychological disorders. It discusses intrusions, recurrent negative thinking (worry and rumination), and the evidence for their presence across psychological disorders (anxiety disorders, somatoform disorders, eating disorders, mood disorders, psychotic disorders, and substance-related disorders).

Memory

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allison G. Harvey ◽  
Edward Watkins ◽  
Warren Mansell ◽  
Roz Shafran
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Somatoform Disorders ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Overgeneral Memory ◽  
Substance Related Disorders ◽  
Implicit And Explicit ◽  
Encoding And Retrieval

Chapter 3 explores memory. It outlines the nature of memory (implicit and explicit, perceptually-driven and conceptually-driven tasks, working memory, verbally accessible and situationally accessible memories), stimuli and selective memory, and the influence on memory of anxiety disorders, somatoform disorders, eating disorders, mood disorders, and substance-related disorders. Overgeneral memory, avoidant encoding and retrieval, recurrent memories are also discussed, as well as clinical implications.

Attention

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allison G. Harvey ◽  
Edward Watkins ◽  
Warren Mansell ◽  
Roz Shafran
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Selective Attention ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Somatoform Disorders ◽  
Sexual Disorders ◽  
Focused Attention ◽  
Attentional Processes ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
Substance Related Disorders

This chapter explores attention. It defines the key concepts within attention research (selective attention, self-focused attention), and reviews evidence across psychological disorders with a particular focus on determining the extent to which attentional processes are truly transdiagnostic, and/or whether they are distinct to particular disorders (including anxiety disorders, phobias, somatoform disorders, sexual disorders, eating disorders, sleep disorders, mood disorders, psychotic disorders, and substance-related disorders).

Behaviour

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allison G. Harvey ◽  
Edward Watkins ◽  
Warren Mansell ◽  
Roz Shafran
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Somatoform Disorders ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Substance Related Disorders ◽  
Safety Signals

Chapter 6 reviews the literature on behavioural processes and draws conclusions about the extent to which they are transdiagnostic. Three behavioural processes considered are escape/avoidance, within-situation safety-seeking behaviours, and ineffective safety-signals. These processes are considered in the context of anxiety disorders and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), somatoform disorders, eating disorders, sleep disorders, and substance-related disorders).

scholarly journals Personal values in mental disorders: an exploratory analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina Socci ◽  
Dalila Talevi ◽  
Paolo Stratta ◽  
Alessandro Rossi ◽  
Francesca Pacitti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Personal Values ◽  
Psychological Research ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Affective States ◽  
Positive Affectivity ◽  
Conservation Values

AbstractPersonal values have increasingly become central in socio-psychological research. However, the relationships between values and psychopathological variables have been scarcely investigated, with mixed results. This study aimed to explore potential differences in value orientation in a sample of people with psychotic disorders and mood disorders compared to a non-clinical sample using the Schwarz’s values framework. A clinical sample of 162 subjects (92 subjects with psychotic disorders and 70 with mood disorders) and a non-clinical sample of 217 subjects completed the self-report measures of affective states (PANAS) and personal values (PVQ). Irrespective of the diagnostic group, the clinical sample showed higher expression of Conservation values (i.e., Tradition, Conformity, Security). Conservation and Self-enhancement values positively correlated with PANAS-positive affectivity in the clinical sample; in the non-clinical sample, Self-enhancement values only correlated with PANAS-positive affectivity. The expression of Conservation values in individuals with a mental disorder could reflect an orientation toward Conformity underlying fundamental affiliative goals. The complex relationship between personal values and clinical constructs should be further investigated, with important theoretical and clinical implications in mental health.

Self-Report of Basic Symptoms among Psychotic and Nonpsychotic Subjects

1999 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 621-632 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola Ciani ◽  
Bianca Pezzarossa ◽  
Arcangelo Curini ◽  
I. Alex Rubino
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Psychiatric Outpatients ◽  
Emergency Ward ◽  
Basic Symptoms ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
First Rank Symptoms ◽  
Manic Patients

Basic symptoms, as defined and described by the Bonn Scale, were assessed by means of a new self-report inventory, the Rome Basic Disorders Scale. On all the subscales, psychiatric outpatients ( n = 105; most frequent diagnoses: Schizophrenia, Anxiety Disorders, and Mood Disorders) scored significantly higher ( p <.001) than nonclinical controls ( n = 105). Psychiatric patients with at least one diagnosis on the psychotic sets of Foulds' hierarchical inventory ( n = 45), compared with the rest of the psychiatric sample ( n = 60), had significantly higher scores on nearly all subscales. Two groups of inpatients with Schizophrenia ( n = 20) and Mood Disorders ( n = 20) were tested on Day 2 and 9 of hospitalization in an emergency ward. Schizophrenic patients had significantly higher scores on most of the subscales, but only on Day 9; on Day 2 depressed and manic patients scored significantly higher on four subscales. Until now basic symptoms had not been studied during the intrapsychotic phase, mainly because of their transformation into first-rank symptoms; present findings suggest that basic symptoms are active also at the height of the psychotic breakdown and that they are more responsive to treatment in Depression and Mania than in Schizophrenia.

Psychiatry Essentials for the Internist

2014 ◽  
pp. 1054-1064
Author(s):  
Brijmohan K. Phull ◽  
Rattna K. Phull
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Somatoform Disorders ◽  
Outpatient Setting ◽  
Inpatient Setting ◽  
General Physicians ◽  
Psychiatric Conditions ◽  
Common Problems

Mood disorders, anxiety disorders, and somatoform disorders are common psychiatric conditions confronting general physicians in the outpatient setting. In the inpatient setting, the most common problems are delirium, dementia, mood and anxiety disorders, adjustment reactions to illness, and substance abuse. Mood disorders include various depressive disorders and bipolar disorder.

Test-Retest Reliability of a Self-Report Questionnaire for DSM-IV and ICD-10 Personality Disorders

2000 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Ottosson ◽  
Martin Grann ◽  
Gunnar Kullgren
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Anxiety State ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Axis I ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

Summary: Short-term stability or test-retest reliability of self-reported personality traits is likely to be biased if the respondent is affected by a depressive or anxiety state. However, in some studies, DSM-oriented self-reported instruments have proved to be reasonably stable in the short term, regardless of co-occurring depressive or anxiety disorders. In the present study, we examined the short-term test-retest reliability of a new self-report questionnaire for personality disorder diagnosis (DIP-Q) on a clinical sample of 30 individuals, having either a depressive, an anxiety, or no axis-I disorder. Test-retest scorings from subjects with depressive disorders were mostly unstable, with a significant change in fulfilled criteria between entry and retest for three out of ten personality disorders: borderline, avoidant and obsessive-compulsive personality disorder. Scorings from subjects with anxiety disorders were unstable only for cluster C and dependent personality disorder items. In the absence of co-morbid depressive or anxiety disorders, mean dimensional scores of DIP-Q showed no significant differences between entry and retest. Overall, the effect from state on trait scorings was moderate, and it is concluded that test-retest reliability for DIP-Q is acceptable.

Processing of emotionally ambiguous stimuli in eating disorders: an fMRI pilot study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petra Holštajn Zemánková ◽  
Martin Gajdoš ◽  
Miroslav Světlák ◽  
Martin Bareš ◽  
Jan Širůček ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Ambiguous Stimuli
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document